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CHME 7350

Problem Set 2
Due: Tuesday, September 24, in class.

Reading: Deen Chapter 3

One Slide: Real World Transport


Please submit your slide to me by email Tuesday morning, or bring it on a thumb drive
to class. We will view and discuss everyone’s slides at the beginning of lecture on
Tuesday.

Prepare one slide, or an image or short movie illustrating an EVERYDAY transport


phenomenon. Please think about everyday transport as you go about your normal
routine. You may either take a picture or short movie of a transport process, or find
one online. On your slide, indicate the type(s) of transport phenomena occurring, and
their relative importance and length and time scales.

1. Control Volume Approach to Conservation: Illustrate the derivation of


conservation: In one page, sketch a diagram or flow chart of the equations
numbered in lecture, starting from Equation 1 and ending with Equations 7 &
8. Define the variables. From each equation to the next, state the
assumptions used or briefly describe the steps in between. Indicate the
meaning, or physical interpretation, of the terms in equations 1, 7 and 8.

2. Address the following:

a. Give the meaning of the material or total derivative.


b. What is the meaning of the continuity equation? When/how does
continuity apply?
c. Under what conditions or assumptions do Equation 7 & 8 reduce to
Fick’s Law and Fourier’s Law?

3. Deen problem 2.2

4. Practice with variable transformations: consider the first order ODE:


𝑑𝑦 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2
=
𝑑𝑥 2𝑥𝑦
Define a new variable V = y/x, so that y = Vx. Substitute in for y on both sides of
the equation, and rewrite the resulting equation as a separable equation in terms
of x and V. (You do not have to solve.)
5. Follow example 3.2-1, starting on page 54. On page 55, equation 3.2-6 gives
the reaction rate per unit area. Immediately following, the text suggests:

“The local reaction rate RVA(y) could have been integrated over the
film thickness to obtain the same result for the overall rate per unit
area.”

Do this, and confirm that you obtain the same result of 3.2-6.

Deen continues…

“If desired, CB(y) could be found by starting with the conservation


equation for B and using Eq. (3.2-5) to evaluate RVB(y).”

Find CB(y) and discuss the relevance of λ for the concentration profile of B.

6. Refer to the problem statement in Deen problem 3.2 and answer the following:

The problem states reversible kinetics, with the same rate and equilibrium as used in
Example 3.2-2 (defined in Eq.s 3.2-10 & 3.2-11, p. 57). However, in this problem, the
reaction is heterogeneous, meaning that it occurs at the interface, not in the bulk.

(a) State the governing equations for CA and CB and all boundary conditions.
Compare to Eq.s 3.2-12 through 3.2-15: what are the key differences?
(b) Are the equations governing CA and CB coupled?
(c) Solve for CA(y) and CB(y).
(d) Non-dimensionalize the results.
(e) Solve for the reaction rate.

7. Refer to the problem statement in Deen problem 3.3 and answer the following:

The problem describes a situation in which O2 diffuses and is consumed at a rate k0


within a sphere. [Note: this problem does not ask for non-dimensionalization.]

(a) Draw a diagram of the problem, defining coordinates and the boundary
conditions. Instead of “no flux through an impermeable surface,” as in
Examples 3.2-1 and 3.3-3, where does the no flux boundary condition hold?
(b) State the governing equation. Use the Laplacian in spherical coordinates
(Table 2-4). Given the symmetry of the problem, how do you simplify the
Laplacian?
(c) Solve for C(r)
(d) Set dC/dr = 0 to determine the minimum value of C. If Cmin = 0, what condition
does this impose on the problem? What would happen if that condition isn’t
met?

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