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CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter includes the introduction, significance of the study, scope and

delimitation, statement of the problem, theoretical framework, and operational definition

of terms.

Introduction

A night filled with tossing and turning in bed could make an individual know

what to feel the next day—drained, cranky and groggy. In 1983, Allan Rechtschaffen and

his colleagues defined a demonstration of the horrors of sleep deprivation on a celebrated

paper made by them. They explained their study by conducting an experiment. They used

rats and designed a set-up in which both experimental and controlled animals received the

exact the same conditions but different amounts of sleep. Controlled rats were able to grab

some rest while the experimental rats got none. As time goes by, the severely sleep-

deprived rats began to show some pathological signs. Three of eight experimental rats died.

The controlled rats, by contrast, were in good condition. This experiment strongly shows

the effects of sleep deprivation in terms of physiological and pathological state of rats.

People nowadays, particularly in this generation, are experiencing a phenomena

called sleep deprivation. Sleep deprivation, also known as sleeplessness, is defined as an

overall lack of the necessary amount of sleep. It is caused by a consistent habit of reduced

quality of sleep. Missing out on the recommended eight to ten hours of sleep does more

than making an individual feel moody and weak. It does not only affect how one feels the

next morning, but a person’s entire day can also be affected. Sleeping too little at night can
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lead to several health consequences and it also increases the risks of early death. The body

needs sleep just as it needs food and water to function properly because during this, the

body heals and restores itself.

Most students, especially those in the higher grade level, lack sleep because these

students have tons of things to do aside from their academic responsibilities, like extra-

curricular activities, and other assigned tasks. They need more time to finish their assigned

tasks even after staying up late, which affects their performance in class. Sleep deprivation

occurs because of class schedules that differ on a daily basis, school loads, and social

activities. This is a situation where students not only lose their time but also their appetite

and energy on doing tasks in school or at home. When students cannot experience sufficient

sleep, their class participation becomes affected, as well as their physical and mental health.

Approximately 60% of high school students experience fatigue which leads them

regularly sleeping in class. Because of fatigue, students tend to be inactive and they feel

weak easily. Some students who are sleep-deprived are not participating on group activities

in school, whether it is on class discussions, activities or recitations. Their mind triggers

the body to take a rest or to do nothing. They cannot focus on their participation because

they are sleepy during class discussions. In addition, lack of sleep may also reduce the

efficacy of immune system and it can cause illnesses. Missed school days also contribute

to poor class participation of the students; however, students should have at least eight to

ten hours of sleep every day. Without having enough sleep, memory and ability to

concentrate on their class activities may also be severely affected. This means that when

the students consume a lot of hours at night to study for their exams, do their assignments

and school loads, they are setting up themselves for poor class participation.
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Students’ tasks and school loads, browsing and playing online games, insomnia and

relationships are some of the common reasons why STEM students are still suffering from

sleep deprivation. Most of the students argue that staying up late helps them to finish their

task on time but they are unaware of its impact on their physical and cognitive health. They

are too focused on accomplishing their academic tasks and at times, the importance of their

health comes last. As this case continues, it is slowly turning into a concern for parents,

teachers, and the students because students’ habit of depriving themselves of sleep slowly

affects their present performance in class.

The main objective of this study was to elaborate this issue and its effects on

students, particularly Grade 11 STEM students’ psychological and cognitive matters with

emphasis to its effect to their class participation.

Significance of the Study

This part aims to highlight the benefits of this study. This study was undertaken in

order to find the possible impacts of being sleep-deprived to the class participation of Grade

11 STEM students in Village Montessori School and Colleges.

The beneficiaries of the study are as follows:

Students. Being the direct recipients, any given recommendation and awareness

will inform them about the possible impacts of sleep deprivation and its effect to their class

participation. They may reflect on how they will manage their time and this study may

inform them of the aspects that are at stake if they continue this habit.
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Parents. As for the parents of the students, they may be given awareness and

recommendation based on the data gathered, since they hold the responsibility to guide

their children on reducing the risks that being sleep-deprived poses.

Teachers and School Administrators. Through this study, teachers and the

school administrators may purposely be aware how heavy school loads and activities can

be a cause of sleep deprivation. Instead, they can allot enough time for these tasks and re-

do the schedules, providing the students more time to rest. They can also give awareness

to the students on how they will manage their time and be conscious on the effects of it.

Future Researchers. For further studies, this research can be used as a basis or

reference to the future researchers who are also interested on exploring this topic.

Theoretical Framework

This study is based on Restoration Theory of Sleep by Oswald (1966). He proposed

that the function of sleep is to restore the consumed energy and to remove waste from

muscles and repairs cells during periods of inactivity so that sufficient biological

functioning is protected. Specifically, Oswald claimed that NREM (non-rapid eye

movement) sleep restores biological processes that have degenerated during the day, while

REM (rapid eye movement) sleep replenishes and renews brain processes. Restoration

theory of sleep claims that an individual suffers from many displeasing consequences when

he/she is sleep-deprived.

This theory is interconnected to the study because it emphasizes that sleep is indeed

a necessity to every individual. In addition, sleeping is one way to restore and replenish

any consumed vitality from cognitive and physiological tasks that any individual had for
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the entire day. When an individual is sleep-deprived, it is hard for the brain to remove and

cleanse any waste chemicals coming from their body. Therefore, it will reduce the focus

and activeness of the students during discussions and activities. This results to poor class

participation of the students.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to investigate and examine the students’ class participation after

being sleep-deprived. Also, the respondents of this study were the students who are sleep-

deprived. This study can also be directed to cognitive and physiological issues if they are

still under sleep deprivation.

Specifically, it intended to answer the following questions:

1.) What are the negative physiological impacts that affect the class participation of

Grade 11 STEM students?

2.) What are the negative cognitive impacts of sleep deprivation to Grade 11 STEM

students?

3.) What actions should be done to prevent sleep deprivation?

Scope and Delimitation

This study focused more on the negative rather than the positive impacts of sleep

deprivation on students’ class participation. It emphasized the students’ participation in

class discussions, recitations and activities. It did not include the students’ overall

academic performance, achievement and behavior in class. It solely focused on Grade 11

STEM students who suffered from sleep deprivation in Village Montessori School and
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Colleges S.Y 2019-2020. This research does not apply to lower or higher grade levels and

other strands. Also, respondents from other schools were invalid.

Operational Definition of Terms

Class participation. This is an important aspect of student’s learning. It refers to

the students’ performance or participation during discussions, recitations, activities and

such.

Impacts. This refers to the effects of sleep deprivation to an individual, particularly

to students.

NREM. This acronym stands for Non-rapid eye movement. In this stage of sleep,

the body will be able to move but the eyes remain still and physical restoration occurs.

Cognitive effects. It refers to the impacts of sleep deprivation in relation to the

students’ ability to acquire knowledge and understanding.

Physiological effects. It refers to the impacts of sleep deprivation in relation to the

students’ physical condition.

REM. This acronym stands for rapid-eye movement. In this stage, the brain takes

information from short term memory to long term memory and the brain restoration occurs.

School loads. This refers to students’ tasks, activities, assignments and etc. that

should be finished on the scheduled due date.

Sleep deprivation. This refers to a condition of an individual suffering from lack

of sleep.
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Sleep. It is a naturally recurring state of mind and body. This is a necessity in

order to replenish the damaged brain cells. Students need about eight to ten hours of sleep

each night for their brain to function properly.

STEM. This refers to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics. It is a

term used in a curriculum developed to educate students in the aforementioned specific

disciplines.
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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents relevant literature and studies which are related to the present

study from both local and foreign sources after a thorough and in-depth search done by the

researchers.

Foreign and Local Related Literature

Velasco (2015) stated that sleep deprivation is considered as one major

phenomenon in the Philippines that has been eroding the health of the Filipinos. It

gradually affects the cognitive and physiological performance of an individual. The

Filipinos have chosen to sleep less and less even though they are aware of its dangerous

effects. Many seem to think that staying awake to finish work is great but it is not.

Sleep deprivation cases have increased over the years because the circadian rhythm,

a 24- hour cycle in the physiological processes of living entities, have been disturbed by

having longer work and school hours and with the presence of new technologies. There

are many factors that have varied an individual’s circadian rhythm such as age, genetics,

etc. There is also the so-called day and night persons: one being active in the day and an

early sleeper while the other is the opposite. According to M. Tan (2017), to have a good

sleep, the person has to dim the lights as well as lessen the use of TV and other electronics

that produces blue light that may affect their sleep. In contrast, when an individual has

woken up; the author suggests that they help their body by jogging and allowing bright

lights.
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Physiological Effects

An article by Bill Velasco (2015) stated that as years go by, children and adults take

less and less hours of sleep. Parents have started to impose bedtime rules on their children

because, for them, this is a more effective way for their children to experience sufficient

sleep. This study has been supported by various researches. It also explained that if a

healthy person has been sleep-deprived for six straight days, his/her body chemistry will

appear to be older than his/her actual age. Thus, his/her metabolism will take a full-week

rest before it gets normal.

The human body has its internal body clock that makes an individual alert at all

times. According to M. Tan (2017), “Crucial here is the sleep we get, sleepiness, and

alertness being functions as well of the circadian rhythm." Circadian rhythm has been

defined as a natural and internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and repeats

roughly every 24 hours. Sleep has allowed the body to function properly; that is why every

time an individual is sleep-deprived, it affects his/her body temperature, blood pressure,

hormonal production, and even his/her vital systems. Also, it can cause illnesses such as

obesity, diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease.

In addition, lack of sleep can affect the ability of a person to eat properly by 30

percent (30%). The body is unable to process glucose which leads to lethargy or lack of

energy and enthusiasm. It also leads to high blood pressure and diabetes. The brain will

not gain enough nutrients to perform properly and will release Cortisol, a steroid hormone,

which leads to faster aging. Lastly, sleep debt can also cause the shortening of children’s

attention span, and ADHD-like symptoms.

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Velasco (2015) supported these studies by discussing the explosion of space shuttle

“Challenger” in 1986. According to National Sleep Foundation, the National Aeronautics

and Space Administrations’ (NASA) manager and his team have made some critical errors

because they were awake for almost 20 hours before the space shuttle launched which

resulted in seven crew members being dead. This incident led to the canceling of the said

space shuttle program. Dr. Matthew Brady stated that being sleep-deprived is also common

during work because a lot of executives have survived with only four to five hours of sleep

every night. They assumed that the students have experienced the same thing in doing their

assigned tasks at home.

Moreover, sleep deprivation can lead to several health issues. Persky (2018) stated

that sleep deprivation leads to excessive burdens on the fragile body of students. She added

that sleep deprivation increased the risk of diabetes, obesity, and high blood pressure. Tired

students may have reached for foods high in sugar or caffeine so that they will get a

temporary boost. Mentally, students may have experienced clinical depression or anxiety,

irritability, or lack of motivation from sleep deprivation. Lastly, students who do not get

enough sleep are more at risk for drug and alcohol use, depression, and suicide.

The effects of sleep deprivation may last for a prolonged period of time. Belittling

the impacts of sleep deprivation can lead one’s health to be at risk. Therefore, since the

respondents are affected physiologically, they are more likely to be affected cognitively.

Cognitive Effects

Cognition refers to the process of gaining knowledge and mental action. Thus, if a

person is sleep-deprived, the cognitive aspect of a person may be affected. Students who
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have an exam the next day should not pull an all-nighter in reviewing as it might affect

their body clock the next day. Not only will the students be lacking in alertness, but the

things that they memorized may also forgotten because they did not attain the required

sleep for the brain to process the knowledge that they have gained. As policies changed, a

lot of things are needed to be followed, and one example is the “early to bed, early to rise”

routine. As a result of this policy, the person gained more energy and their mental health

is being stabled for it to function properly. However, as work shifts, employers need to

adjust with the 24/7 schedule. It has forced some people to adjust as well, shifting into

"late to bed, early to rise" principle.

Among the findings: two sequential nights of less than six hours have left a person

out of strength for the next six days even if followed by a full night slumber. A study

conducted by Tim Althoff (n. d), a Standford Ph. D in Redmond, Washington, obtained the

measure of cognitive performance. The researchers examined the subjects’ keystroke

speed on a computer and their click interactions on a search web engine. Based on the

results, the first 24 hours caused one insufficient night of sleep. It is connected with 1.2

percent (%) slower performance on a normal keystroke timing. Two short nights of sleep

are 4.8 percent (%) lower compared to two nights with more than six long hours of sleep.

Impacts of Sleep Deprivation to Class Participation

Persky (2018) mentioned in her article that sleep is a vital biological activity that

gives individuals the energy they need to perform simple things such as walking,

concentrating, and communicating. It has served to re-energize the body cells, to support

memory and learning, and to clear wastes from the brain. Also, it plays an important role
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in regulating mood and appetite. However, sleep is not being prioritized in society

nowadays and oftentimes, sleep is needed to be sacrificed by students, particularly high

school students. Present-day students do not receive a sufficient amount of sleep due to

the excessive demands placed on them. They ought to stay up all night to study. Time

after time, students have to condense their academic requirements to the end of their

schedules because of extracurricular activities. She also stated that sleep deprivation does

not only inhibit the students’ academic performance, but it also hinders their ability to do

tasks and negatively impacts their physical and mental health.

Also, she added that sleep allows an individual to be alert, insightful, and sharp. It

also allows the students to solve problems. When students did not get enough sleep, they

lose their ability to succeed academically. They are likely to have trouble to retain

information, to cope with stress, and to stay focused. Lastly, sleep deprivation leads to

multiple physical and mental medical issues which result in students’ poor class

participation.

Foreign and Local Related Studies

Cognitive Effects

Sleep deprivation has a huge impact on the brain. In a study conducted by Ming

Ye et. al. (2018), the Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging or FMRI, an instrument that

measures brain activity by detecting the changes associated with blood flow, was used to

investigate among 36 samples of sleep-deprived and 40 sleep-controlled. It showed that

adequate sleep is important to have good health. Researchers used sleep deprivation on an

experiment to study the changes in the brain. Nowadays, researchers can easily see it by
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FMRI, Electroencephalography (EEG), and other data analyses to reflect the changes in

human brain activity. Watts and Strogatz (1998) found that small worm’s neural network

has shown the features of small-world properties and that the human brain system has a

complex network of small-world properties. Thus, this study sought to confirm that

assumption. Small-world properties have reflected many brain diseases, which tends to be

random network compared to normal control.

Sleep deprivation affects human cognitive reaction, learning, work, memory, and

attention. Also, it stated that when an individual is sleep-deprived, he/she may be easily

distracted. Regular network means that an individual can control his/her sleep. When a

person has a small-world network, which will make him/her considered as sleep-deprived,

it can easily increase the risk of getting disorders and can lead to random network, a state

where an individual experiences sleeping lesser and lesser that will cause him/her to

develop diseases.

Also, Gryglewska (2010) asserted that "humans can bear several days of

sleeplessness. "Sleep deprivation has different types of consequences that an individual

may experience. Continuous sleeplessness may affect a person’s concentration and can

also make his/her reaction time slower which will lead to poor performance on tasks.

Sleep deficiency also has an impact on an individual's memorizing skills, decision making,

and emotions. The study also noted that the deficiency of sleep changes the subject's way

of speaking, turning it into monotonous and making it unclear to understand.

As stated by the National Sleep Foundation (2007), a person’s quality of life can be

deranged due to many reasons. Sleep loss has been one important cause of that. In a certain
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job, people faced sleep policy or what is called sleep restriction policy. Furthermore,

humans tend to finish their assigned tasks at night which results in chronic sleep

deprivation. This condition also caused poor cognitive performances. This study discussed

the effects of the acute total, chronic partial SD (Sleep Deprivation) and it describes the

effects of cognitive performance. Acute total SD has reflected the studies’ quantity to carry

out compared with partial SD. Also, the subject is continuously awake for 24-72 hours.

However, in chronic partial SD, the subject is strictly allowed to sleep during several

consecutive nights.

Sleep is important to body restitution. Also, sleep is essential for memory

consolidation. Sleep loss can lead to a rise in blood pressure and an increase in cortisol

secretion. People who are exposed to sleep deprivation usually have changes in mood and

they experienced problems in their cognitive performance. Cognitive performances have

included several domains. It includes the attentional functions, working memory, and long-

term memory. Sleep deprivation affects cognitive performance depending on the type of

task and how long a person stays at night to finish his/her assigned task.

Physiological Effects

Those who are sleep-deprived have a higher chance of putting themselves on the

risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. (M.Tan, 2017). Chronic sleep

reduction's consequences have been repeated for several days to accumulate and be similar

to the effects of acute sleep deprivation lasting for several hours.

The average sleep needed by the human body is seven to eight hours per day, as

claimed by Kripke et al. (2002). Sleep is supervised by two processes: a homeostatic

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process (S) and circadian process (C). The homeostatic process (S) depends on sleep and

wakefulness; thus, the need for sleep increases as wakefulness continues. The circadian

process C refers to the endogenous circadian pacemaker, which leads to the onset and offset

of a sleep episode. These two processes have determined the sleep and wake cycle and it

can also describe fluctuations in vigilance and alertness. Akerstedt and Folkard (1995)

revised the two processes. They made it three processes. The third process has been called

the classical model. The classical model is the principal used for study designs in SD

research.

Impacts of Sleep Deprivation to the Class Participation

Sleep deprivation is a serious matter especially to those students who have poor

participation in class. On the words of Patrick et. al. (2017), “Sleep deprivation is common

among university students.” Students tend to take caffeine and alcohol ju0st to stay up late

due to their school works.

In this study, the authors discussed how the students have experienced different

types of tests and surveys that the researchers had proposed. They have also gathered data

based on the results of the experiment. When the study began, the participants who had a

normal sleep were asked to report how long they have slept while the deprived students are

required to fill out a form every 45 minutes. As the result of the experiment, the

respondents of this experiment who had accomplished the test had an increase to their

reaction time, meaning, there is a decrease in the students’ performance task that is proved

by the ruler drop test that they had undergone. The authors also stated that “acute sleep

deprivation had no effect on resting blood pressure, but caused an increase in systolic blood
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pressure post-exercise.” To explain it more clearly, a serious condition of sleep deprivation

can take their health at risk by the accretion of systolic blood pressure (SBP) that may lead

into death. However, the authors mentioned that the results are due to neuroendocrine

changes and the reduction of salience and motor areas in the brain.

In conclusion, this study has clarified that sleep deprivation has different types of

effects or impacts to the students’ cognitive performance. Also, a conclusion from research

by Krueger (n. d.) concluded that the effects of sleep deprivation in performance had caused

a decrease in reaction time, less awareness of their surroundings, and cognitive distortions;

resulting in the students’ class participation to be severely affected.

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

The main research design of this study was phenomenology. This research design

explains the experiences of the students who were sleep-deprived. The purpose of this

study was to give awareness about the negative impacts of sleep deprivation to the students’

class participation, particularly to their cognitive and physiological aspects. This research

design involved the utilization of qualitative research in addressing the research problem.

This study employed a qualitative design because it gathered words rather than numbers in

order to reach a certain conclusion about the negative impacts of sleep deprivation to the

respondent class participation.

Population and Sample of the Study

The target population of this research were the Grade 11 STEM students of VMSC

who are sleep-deprived. The researchers chose four (4) respondents by using the Purposive

o0r judgmental sampling. The researchers had chosen the respondents because they are

suitable for the research topic. Also, the researchers had time to talk to them online around

11pm until 2am, proving that they were browsing or using gadgets late at night making

them sleep-deprived the next day.

Instruments and Technique Used

In this study, the researchers used interview questions as an instrument to gather

data. It consisted of interview questions in which the respondent provided answers to the

research study. The type and approach of interviews used in this study were unstructured
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and individual interview. This was because the respondents answered the questions based

on what they thought and felt, and only one respondent is interviewed at a time.

Preparation. The researchers reviewed the statement of the problem within the

group to come up with the interview questions.

Validation. Ms. Althea Faye M. Torres, the research adviser, validated the

interview questions. Simultaneously, the researchers took notes of the comments and

feedbacks, and revised the instrument accordingly.

Administration. After the permission of the school administrators and the research

teacher was gained, the researchers interviewed with five selected respondents of the study.

Data Gathering Procedure

✔ The researchers constructed an instrument for the respondents.

✔ The research adviser validated the instrument.

✔ The researchers constructed an approval letter for the administrator.

✔ The approval letter was given to the administrators.

✔ The researchers provided a consent letter which was given to the prospect

respondents. This is attached with the letter of approval of the school

administrators.

✔ The approval of the research adviser and the administrators allowed the researchers

to conduct the study to the Grade 11 STEM students of VMSC.

✔ The respondents were interviewed.

✔ The data gathered were interpreted and analyzed by the researchers.

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CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter includes the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data gathered.

The respondents’ responses were analyzed and presented in this chapter. The purpose of

this study was to give awareness about the negative impacts of sleep deprivation on the

students’ class participation, particularly on their cognitive and physiological aspects. The

main research design of this study is phenomenology because it explained the experiences

of sleep-deprived students. This research design involves the utilization of qualitative

research in addressing the research problem. It employed a qualitative design because it

used words rather than numbers to gather information about sleep deprivation.

The target population of this research were the Grade 11 STEM students of VMSC

who were sleep-deprived. The researchers chose four (4) respondents to participate in this

study by the use of purposive or judgmental sampling. In this study, the researchers used

interview questions as an instrument to gather data. It consisted of interview questions in

which the respondent would provide answers. The type and approach of the interview used

in this study are unstructured and individual interview. This was because the respondents

answered the questions based on what they thought and felt, and only one respondent was

interviewed at a time. After the responses were transcribed, the researchers had drawn out

the themes that have emerged from the interview that was conducted.

Presentation of Findings

1. What are the negative physiological impacts that affect the class participation

of Grade 11 STEM students?

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An article by Bill Velasco (2015) stated that as years go by, children and

adults took fewer and fewer hours of sleep. Based on the answers that the

researchers have gathered from the respondents, it was true that sleep deprivation

gave a lot of problems in the body. According to the respondents, they have

experienced having blurry vision. YourSightMatters.com (n. d.) stated that having

a lack of sleep is often blamed for having dark circles under the eyes; moreover,

not getting enough sleep can interfere with the overall eye health because the eye

needs at least five hours of sleep per night to properly replenish. Without sufficient

time of rest, the eyes cannot work at their full potential. This agrees to a statement

of Bill Velasco (2015), if a healthy person is deprived for six straight days, his/her

body chemistry may look older than his/her actual age, because it gave dark circles,

pimples, and other skin problems to their face.

The human body has its internal body clock that makes an individual alert

at all times. M.Tan (2017) stated that a circadian rhythm affects the process of the

sleep-wake cycle and repeat roughly every 24 hours. Therefore, being sleep-

deprived was making the respondents slumpy (grumpy and sleepy), less active, less

energetic and it made their reaction time slower. He also added that sleep

deprivation could cause illnesses such as obesity, diabetes, etc. and that sleep

deprivation could also damage the ability of a person to eat properly by 30 percent

(30%). The body was enabled to process glucose which leads to lethargy or lack

of energy and enthusiasm. The respondents approved the following statements by

stating that they gained weight and have lost their balance due to lack of sleep.

Also, respondents claimed to have experienced dizziness, loss of balance and

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fatigue. In a respondent’s exact words, he/she stated, “Pagkahilo, pagkawala ng

balanse tapos yung parang malamya yung katawan na parang nanghihina ka

talaga kahit wala ka pang ginagawa,” which means that the respondent had

admitted having experienced these physical effects. In addition, a respondent

claimed that being sleep-deprived could also cause heart problems. Also,

respondents have experienced pain in their joints and heaviness in their back due to

sleep deprivation.

Sleep allows the body to function properly. Every time an individual is

sleep-deprived, it affects his/her body temperature, blood pressure, hormonal

production, and even his/her vital systems. It could cause illnesses such as obesity,

diabetes, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. One of the respondents asserted that

sleep is a process of repairing the damaged tissues and cells; therefore, if a person

is sleep-deprived, it will affect the process of repairing tissues and cells that affect

the physical appearance of his/her body. Since the respondents are affected

physiologically, they are more likely to be affected cognitively.

2. What are the negative cognitive impacts of sleep deprivation to Grade 11

STEM students?

Respondent B stated that she experienced sudden blackout on her vision

because she cannot concentrate and think clearly. Respondent A stated, “This (not

sleeping at all) gives me a mindset that I can remember a lot when I do it a night before,

but unfortunately, that’s the opposite of the result and action I’ve expected”, pertaining

to her perspective about doing tasks a night before the deadline.

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Cognition refers to the process of gaining knowledge and mental action. If a

person is sleep-deprived, it is possible that the cognitive aspect of a person might be

affected. Students who have an exam the next day should not pull an all-nighter in

reviewing as it might affect their body clock the next day. Not only will the students

be lacking in alertness and focus, but they also find that the things that they had

memorized had been forgotten because they lacked the required sleep for the brain to

process the knowledge they gained.

Furthermore, based on the collective answers of the respondents, there is a

tendency that a person who is sleep-deprived would be absent-minded; giving him/her

a hard time to focus and to come up with new ideas. Sleep deprivation has different

consequences that an individual may experience. People who are exposed to sleep

deprivation usually had changes in mood and they experienced problems in their brain

processes which were made obvious by their performance on different activities.

In addition, the respondents are having difficulties in terms memorizing for the

reason that they have short term memory. Gryglewska (2010) stated that sleep

deficiency has an impact on an individual's memorizing, decision-making skills, and

emotions. It has an effect on human cognitive reaction, learning, work, memory, and

attention. Also, Gryglewska’s study stated that when an individual is sleep-deprived,

he/she might be easily distracted. Continuous sleeplessness may affect a person’s

concentration and could also make his/her reaction time slower which would lead to

poor performance on tasks. There is a tendency that the brain of a person would

malfunction. Sleep is important for body restitution. It is also essential for memory

consolidation.
 23

Lastly, the respondents said that they have the tendency to suffer from anxiety

since they are lacking sleep; ergo, their mental health is also affected. This supports

Persky’s (2018) statement that students might experience clinical depression or anxiety,

irritability, or lack of motivation from sleep deprivation. Students who do not get

enough sleep are more at risk for drug and alcohol use, depression, and suicide.

3. What actions should be done to prevent sleep deprivation?

Each of the respondents gave his/her suggestions to prevent sleep

deprivation. The respondents suggested that students should not waste their time

on useless or unnecessary activities like using gadgets to browse their social media

accounts. In addition, they suggested that students should finish their school works

as early as possible. Respondent X said, “Manage your time well and stop

procrastinating. It’s not good for your health and it’s not worth the grade.” The

respondents suggested that students should learn to sacrifice the unnecessary things

to do the more important matters in life and that includes getting enough sleep in

order for their class participation to not be affected.

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CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Sleep deprivation is a condition where an individual experience not having enough

sleep. It reduced the energy of their body, resulting for them to feel dull. Their

performance in class was greatly affected due to the physiological and cognitive impacts

of sleep deprivation.

The energy that is required from the students is overwhelming but they had yet to

learn the art of managing their time to fit sleep in their busy schedule. It is inevitable for

the students to be sleep-deprived, especially with all the things they are appointed to do.

Getting good grades are fine but with their health at stake, they may not be able to perform

their upcoming tasks well.

This research aimed to give knowledgeable information about being sleep-

deprived and how it affects their class participation. Also, to give awareness about the

negative impacts on the cognitive and physiological state of the human body. This study

also provided suggestions and recommendations to students, parents, teachers and

administrator.

Summary of Findings

Based on the result of the data gathered, most of the respondents confirmed that

sleep deprivation has negative impacts on their physical and mental health. They also

added that their class participation is greatly affected because of sleep deprivation. Due to

sleep deprivation, their reaction time becomes slower and it affects the process of repairing

damaged cells. Majority of the respondent stated that they have experienced blurry vision,
 25

absent-mindedness, dizziness, and loss of balance. Instead of listening to their teacher,

they tend to take a nap during discussion, which caused them to have poor participation in

class.

Conclusions

Therefore, the following conclusions are drawn:

 Lack of sleep gives dark circles under the eyes, pimples, and may pose risks of

heart problem.

 Sleeplessness affects the process of repairing tissues and cells.

 Lack of sleep leads to slow reaction time of the brain.

 Sleep deprivation can cause mental health problems like anxiety.

 Sleep deprivation is perceived to have a relationship to class participation.

 Students who are suffering from sleep-deprivation tend to take a nap instead of

giving attention to their lessons.

 Students who are sleep-deprived cannot concentrate and are absent-minded in

class.

Recommendation

Based on the findings and conclusions presented, the following recommendations

are suggested:

 Students are recommended to recognize sleep as a necessity to their mental and

physical health.

 The researchers also encourage students to exercise and take supplements.

 26

 It is also suggested for students to allot some time to rest and relax themselves

before sleeping.

 Students may also try to clear out any unwanted thoughts and worries from their

head to keep them from overthinking.

 The researchers also recommend that the students may finish their assigned tasks

and school works ahead of time to avoid procrastination and sleep-deprivation.

 Students may manage their time wisely by developing a time schedule to help them

organize their personal activities. They are reminded not to waste their time on

useless or unnecessary activities before sleeping such as:

a. Excessive usage of gadgets (particularly mobile phones, computers,

laptops etc.)

b. Uncontrollable usage of social media applications and sites

c. Excessive playing of mobile and computer games

 The researchers would also like to emphasize that the parents have the power to

guide their children and discipline the students especially when it comes to school

works and getting a sufficient amount of sleep.

 It is also recommended for the teachers to allot time enough time for the tasks and

provide a more balanced schedule of deadlines and other academic works.

 School administrators are also suggested to raise awareness in their children and

students about the importance of sleep, the risks of sleep deprivation, and the

impacts of sleep deprivation on the students’ class participation.

 27

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 31

APPENDIX A. LETTER OF APPROVAL

Village Montessori School and Colleges

Francisco Homes, CSJDM, Bulacan
September 17, 2019

Mrs. MARIE LYRA LIZARDO-OAING

School Principal
Village Montessori School and Colleges

through
Mr. CONSTANCIO E. BUENAVENTURA JR.
Officer in Charge
Village Montessori School and Colleges

Mrs. HELEN VASQUEZ-GATDULA

Guidance Counselor
Village Montessori School and Colleges

Mr. JOSEFINO S. PINGOL

Overall Academic Coordinator
Village Montessori School and Colleges

Dear Sir/Madam,

Good day!

In partial fulfillment of our requirements on the subject Practical Research 1, we, the researchers
from Grade 11 Einstein of the strand Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, would
like to request for your permission to conduct an interview for our qualitative research titled Class
Participation at Risk: A Phenomenological Study on the Negative Impacts of Sleep Deprivation to
VMSC’s Grade 11 STEM Students.

The purpose of this research is to inform and give awareness about the negative impacts of sleep
deprivation to the class participation of Grade 11 STEM students in Village Montessori School and
Colleges. The administration of the said instrument/s will enable the researchers to gather authentic
and reliable data necessary for further understanding of the topic under study. Your approval of
our request will be highly anticipated and appreciated.

Sincerely yours,
Calajate, James Aaron D. Garcia, Angela
Rivera, Paul Symon O. Lanquino, Oliver John L.
Dacuya, Maxinne D. G. Nolledo, Harlly O.
Guban, Ma. Thea Angeline N.

Noted: Received by:

Ms. ALTHEA FAYE M. TORRES

Research Adviser
 32

APPENDIX B. INFORMED CONSENT FORM

Class Participation at Risk: A Phenomenological Study on the Negative Impacts of Sleep

Deprivation to VMSC’s Grade 11 STEM Students

This is a research study. Please take your time in deciding if you would like to participate. Feel
free to ask questions at any time.

INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this study is to uncover the negative impacts of sleep deprivation to the Grade 11
STEM students’ cognitive and physiological performance. Furthermore, participants will help the
researchers to prove whether sleep deprivation affects class participation of the students in Grade
11 STEM. You are being invited to participate in this study because you fit the criteria for this
study:
1. You are exposed or have experienced sleep deprivation.
2. You are in Grade 11 STEM.

DESCRIPTION OF PROCEDURES
If you agree to participate, the researchers will interview you for no longer than 10 minutes. You
will be presented with the interview guide ahead of time. The full interview will be recorded. You
will be identified by a pseudonym for the study and your information will be protected before,
during, and after this research project. During the interview process, you may skip any questions
that you do not wish to answer.
Your participation will last for the amount of time that the interview takes. After the interview, the
audio recording will be transcribed, and you will be presented with a copy of the transcript for your
review. This will be delivered via an e-mail to the address that you provide to us. After that, your
participation will be over.

RISKS
There are no known or foreseeable risks for participation in this study.

BENEFITS
If you decide to participate in this study, there are no personal advantages to participation. It is
hoped that the information gained in this study will benefit school officials, parents, and students
in relation to the negative impacts of sleep deprivation on class participation of Grade 11 students
in Village Montessori School and Colleges.

COSTS AND COMPENSATION

You will not have any costs related to participating in this study other than the time you spend
during the interview and reviewing the interview transcript. The time you spend as a participant in
this study is voluntary.

PARTICIPANT RIGHTS
Your participation in this study is completely voluntary and you may initially refuse to participate
or stop participating in the study at any time. If you decide to not participate in the study or leave
the study early, it will not result in any penalty or detrimentally affect your relationship with the
researcher, our subject teacher, and/or Village Montessori School.
 33

CONFIDENTIALITY
Records identifying participants will be kept confidential to the extent permitted by applicable laws
and regulations and will not be made publicly available. However, the researchers may inspect
and/or copy your records for quality assurance and data analysis. These records may contain private
information.
To ensure confidentiality to the extent permitted by the school, the following measures will be
taken:
1. Your interview will be recorded and transcribed but you will be identified in the transcripts
and on tape with a pseudonym.
2. The data will be stored on a password-protected computer.
3. The data only will be kept until the completion and publication of the study. If the results are
published, your identity will remain confidential.

QUESTIONS OR PROBLEMS
You are encouraged to ask questions or express your concerns at any time during this study.
For further information about the study, please notify James Calajate, leader of this research team.
You may contact him through jamescalajate8@gmail.com.

PARTICIPANT SIGNATURE
Your signature below indicates that you voluntarily agree to participate in this study, that the study
has been explained to you, that you have been given time to read this document, and that your
questions have been satisfactorily answered. You will receive a copy of the written informed
consent prior to your participation in the study.

Participant’s Printed Name:

____________________________________________________________________

Participant’s Email Address:

____________________________________________________________________

Parent/Guardian’s Printed Name and Signature (if below 18):

____________________________________________________________________
 34

APPENDIX C. COPY OF INSTRUMENT/S

INTERVIEW QUESTIONS:

1.) What are the negative physiological impacts that affect the class participation of

Grade 11 STEM students?

2.) What are the negative cognitive impacts of sleep deprivation to Grade 11 STEM

students?

3.) What actions should be done to prevent sleep deprivation?

 35

APPENDIX D. TRANSCRIPTION OF DATA

Respondent 1

Q: What are the negative physiological impacts to you of being sleep-deprived?

A: “Sleep deprivation gives a lot of problems in different parts of my body like my eyes.
Obviously, lack of sleep gives dark circles, pimples, heart problems etc.”

Q: Next question, what are the cognitive effects of being sleep-deprived? Explain your
answer/s.

A: “This gives me a mindset that I can remember a lot when I do it in the night before.
Unfortunately, that’s the opposite of the results and actions I’ve expected.”

Q: Okay, next. Does being sleep-deprived affect your class participation? How?

A: “Of course, this gives me a hard time focusing on lessons especially when I’m not fond
of those subjects.”

Q: Last question. As a student who is also suffering from sleep deprivation, what are
your suggestions to prevent sleep deprivation? Elaborate your answer/s.

A: “Manage your time well and stop procrastinating. It’s not good for your health and
it’s not worth the grade.”

Respondent 2

Q: Uhm? What are the negative physiological impacts to you of being sleep-deprived?

A: “Pagkahilo, pagkawala ng balanse tapos yung parang malamya yung katawan na

parang nanghihina ka talaga kahit wala ka pang ginagawa.”

Q: Next, what are the--- what are the cognitive effects of being sleep-deprived? Explain
your answer/s. Game.

A: “…so pagdating sa mental naman parang nahihirapan ako magmemorize sa isang

bagay at… mabilis ako makalimot ng mga…kung anu-anong bagay.”

Q: Next, does being sleep-deprived affect your class participation?

A: “Yes.”
 36

Q: How?

A: “So ayun so specially sa school diba? Nahihirapan ako as a student kasi…pagpuyat ka

alam mo yung parang lagi kang lutang na parang… gusto mong makinig, gusto mong mag-
aral pero…wala talaga yung attention mo dun sa mismong topic.”

Q: Next question, as a student who is also suffering from sleep deprivation, what are
your suggestions to prevent sleep deprivation? Elaborate your answer/s.

A: “So yung sleep deprivation naman… option mo yan kung gugustuhin mo o hindi, pero
ma--sasabi ko sainyo wag nalang. Kasi marami kang negative na makukuha dito.
Especially di naman yan importante sa’tin. So, avoid yung ML na ‘yan! At wag niyong
pagpuyatan ‘yun. Okay na? Thank you.” *laughs*

Respondent 3

Q: What are the negative physiological impacts to you of being sleep-deprived?

A: " Ano ahh yung mga effects sakin neto parang ano parang dahil sa pagiging sleep-
deprived ko parang lagi ako ano lagi akong pagod yung katawan alam mo yung
pakiramdam na ano yung kahit kahit naman nakatulog kahit kahit may onti kang tulog
yung pakiramdam na ano yung may mabigat sa likod mo ganon meron meron may alam
mo sa sarili mo na ano may mali sayo kung baga ramdam mo sa sarili mo na kulang na
kulang talaga yung tulog na na inaano mo tinetake mo tinetake ng katawan mo and then
syempre iba din kasi yung pakiramdam kapag ano kumpleto yung tulog mas magaan ka
parang then ano pa ba mga physical din ano yung physical appearance ko parang ano
kapag pag puyat ako ano parang yun labi ko ano maputla ganon tapos lagi akong
nakakaramdam na parang mga pain sa joints ko kasi syempre yun nga yung sa pag sleep-
deprived ka kasi maapektuhan din nito yung ano yung sa katawan mo kasi kaya nga tayo
may sleep eh para sa para maka pag process or marepair yung mga nasirang tissue o yung
mga yung mga napagod nating cells tapos dahil nga kulang tayo sa tulog kaya ano kaya
parang naapektuhan nadin nito yung ano natin yung process ng pagrerepair nito so
naapektuhan talaga yung physical appearance natin ang physical body ayun. "

Q: What are the negative cognitive effects of being sleep-deprived? Explain your answer.

A: " Ano cognitive effects nito yung, yung mostly para sakin yung ano di ako… di ako maka
pag isip or maka pag come up ng bagong idea especially kapag may ano may gustong
halimbawa may pina activity sakin yung teacher ganon kung baka di ako Maka pag focus
ano kasi parang ano sabihin nating dahil kapag yun nga gaya nga ng sabi ko kanina kapag
ka may ano ka may tulog ka mas naka kapag isip ka ng mabuti tapos nakakapag nakakapag
process Yung utak mo and then kapag sleep-deprived nga ako ganon ah nag ka karoon ng
 37

tendency na Kung ano na magiging luntanf ako ganon hindi ko alam Kung ano Yung Kung
ano Yung ginagawa ko minsan dumadsting din Yung time na ano na dahil din sa pagiging
sleep-deprived ko pwede ko run Yung mga certain certain na bagay na dapat na
tinatandaan ko tapos ano ayun tapos ayun lagi laging ano laging parang laging gusto
mong gustomo sa isip mo na marulog tapos, di mo magawa kaya minsan nakakaapekto
rin ang pagiging sleep deprive ko Kasi, dahil, diba dito Parang naaatake rin nito Yung
ano ko anxiety. Yon parang nalulungkot din ako minsa dahil sa pagiging kulang ko sa
tulog yon sumasabay nga sya sa problema yon.”

Q: Does being sleep-deprived affect your class participation? How?

A: “Yes, ano sa pagiging sleep-deprived ko parang minsan kulang na kulang talaga yumg
tulog ko hindi ako nakakapag focus sa classroom especially kapag yumg mga lesson is ano
is mahirap intindihin esp. On math and science tapos yung mga english subject. Ganon
syempre kailang pag nakikinig kailangan pag nasa klase ka ano or nakikinig ka kailangan
hindi ka lang basta nakikinig iniintindi mo rin o pinapasok mo rin sa uutak mo yung
sinasabi ng mga teacher nyo and then yun nga dahil sleep deprive ako hindi akonakakapag
focus hindi ko napapasok sa isip ko hindi ko napprocess ng mabuti tapos parang iba yung
naiisip ko dahil nga sleep deprive din ako andami ko rin naiisip na kung ano anong bagay
palagi rin akong lutang so yun.”

Q: As a student who is also suffering from sleep deprivation, what are your suggestion
in sleep deprivation? Elaborate your answer.

A: “Ano suggestion ko. Para maprevent ba? Ah yun, suggestion ko, ako mismo kasi hindi
ko nagagawa to pero kung ako gusto ko gawan ng paraan siguro yung time management
saka yung learn to sacrifice things kase kapagka ano eh , kapag, aminin na natin kase lahat
naman tayo tinatamad gawin yung isang bagay ng maaga pero kapag talaga alam mo yung
pakiramdam na ano yung pagkaginawa mo siya ng mas maaga or minanage mo yung time
mo sinacrifice mo yung mga wants mo yung mga,yung mga kaila- yung mga kagustuhan
mo tas uunahin mo dapat yung kailangan mo kesa sa kagustuhan mo kase ansarap sa
feeling na pagka yung ginawa mo na ng mas maaga para mamaya hindi ka na magpupuyat
hindi mo na pagpupuyatan kumabaga makakatulog ka ng mas maayos. So yun, at ang
pinaka payo ko is ano time management saka ano saka mas tulungan mo yung sarili mo
maevaluate or maano kung ano ba talaga yung problema sayo. Kung ang, kung
namomoroblema ka sa pagfofocus gawin mo gumawa ka ng paraan din wag ka din umasa
sa mga benefits o sa mga bastang kung ano ano lang sa iba. gawan mo rin ng paraan
para matulungan mo yun sarili mo. Yun.”
 38

Respondent 4

Q: What are the negative physiological impacts to you of being sleep-deprived?

A: “Ano, i think. Umm… Ano. Siguro ano… Ano… ako nagiging slumpy o parang
bumabagal pagkilos tas parang di ako makakilos na talagang active na active kasi parang
kulang ako sa tulog kasi wala akong energy ganon tapos, ano uhmm… siguro kasama na
rin yung tumataba ako kasi puyat tapos, siguro ano yung minsan naoout of balance ako
nawawala yung balance ko minsan mabilis ako matumba kapag naglalakad ganon yon.”

Q: What are the negative cognitive effects of being sleep-deprived? Explain your answer.

A: “Uhmmm…Yung ano sa pag dahil sa pag pupuyat siguro ano uhmm minsan parang
lumalabo paningin ko minsan nandidilim kasi nagdidilim siya kasi hindi ako nakakapag
isip saka nakakapag concentrate tapos uhmm… ano siya eh uhmm... minsan nahihilo ako
tapos, ano hindi ako minsan-- kapag puyat ako di ako makapag isip ng maayos kasi parang
kumikirot yung utak ko.”

Q: Does being sleep-deprived affects your class participation? How?

A: “Uhmmm oo kasi kapag ano puyat ako ano inaantok ako sa klase tas kapag inaantok
na ako hindi na ako makapag concentrate tapos gusto ko na lang matulog para mabawi
tulog ko tapos syempre kapag puyat nahihirapan din ako makinig kasi humihikab ako ng
humihikab kasi inaantok ako tapos kaya naaapektuhan nito yung participation ko sa class.”

Q: As a student who is also suffering from sleep deprivation, what are your suggestion
in sleep deprivation? Elaborate your answer.

A: “Para sakin ano unang una wag natin sayangin yung oras natin sa mga useless things
or unnecessary things yung pag sosocial media at pag cecellphone ganon pero dahil nga
di rin maaiwasan yung pag gawa ng school works so napupuyat sila so siguro gawin na
lang ng maaga para hindi sila makapagpuyat tapos ano kapag nag pupuyat iwasan, ano
rin dapat din matulog ng maaga kasi maraming epekto yung pagpupuyat.
 39

APPENDIX E. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

Participant Age Sex

1 16 Female

2 16 Female

3 16 Male

4 16 Female
 40

APPENDIX F. RESUME
 41

JAMES AARON D. CALAJATE

Address: Blk 06 Lot 19 Ph. F, Brgy. Narra, Francisco
Homes, City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

Contact Number: (0921)-398-1333

``Email Address: jamescalajate8@gmail.com

Career Objective: To enhance my professional skills in a dynamic and stable

workplace

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
2019 up to present
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Village Montessori School and Colleges
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2015-2019 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Village Montessori School and Colleges
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2012-2015 ELEMENTARY
Village Montessori School and Colleges
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2009-2012 Manuel L. Quezon Elementary School

City of Caloocan

SEMINARS AND TRAININGS ATTENDED

2018 Fire Prevention Month
Bureau of Fire Protection
Village Montessori School and Colleges, Inc.
SKILLS, COMPETENCIES, AND RELEVANT INTERESTS

 good Communication skills

 team leadership
 42

 organization and prioritization

 flexibility
 critical thinking

ACHIEVEMENTS AND AWARDS

 Academic Excellence Awardee 1ST Quarter- With Honors (S.Y 2019-2020)

 Academic Excellence Awardee - With Honors (S.Y 2018-2019)
 Academic Excellence Awardee - With Honors (S.Y 2017-2018)
 Academic Excellence Awardee - With Honors (S.Y 2016-2017)
 Academic Excellence Awardee - With Honors (S.Y 2015-2016)
 10TH Placer in Math Quiz Bee
 9th Placer in Math Quiz Bee
 Leadership Award
 Outstanding Drummer
 Best in Uniform
 Best in Deportment
 Outstanding Drummer

CHARACTER REFERENCES

 Ms. ALTHEA FAYE M. TORRES

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges, Inc.
altheamoraudatorres@gmail.com

 Mr. JOHN VICTOR O. ABILAR

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges, Inc.
(0906)-768-5945

 Mrs. MARY GRACE V. RELLIZA

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges, Inc.
(0917)-898-3082 / grelliza23@gmail.com
I hereby affirm that the above information is true and correct to the best of my ability.
_______________________________
JAMES AARON D. CALAJATE
 43

MAXINNE D. DACUYA
Address: Block 1, Lot 6, Palmera, Green Leaf 2,
Barangay Kaypian, City of San Jose Del Monte,
Bulacan

Contact Number: 0916-754-8934

Email Address: maxinnnedacuya@yahoo.com

Career Objective: Seeking an entry-level position to begin my career in a high-level

professional environment

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
2019 up to present
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Village Montessori School and Colleges
Phase D, Block 1, Lot 1, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2015-2019 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Village Montessori School and Colleges
Phase D, Block 1, Lot 1, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2009-2015 ELEMENTARY
Village Montessori School and Colleges
Phase D, Block 1, Lot 1, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

SKILLS, COMPETENCIES, AND RELEVANT INTERESTS

 Obedient
 Efficient
 Hard worker
 Fast learner

ACHIEVEMENTS AND AWARDS

 Best in Deportment
 Best in Writing
 Silver Loyalty Award
 44

CHARACTER REFERENCES

 Mr. GILMAR OMAC

Computer Engineer
Social Security System (SSS)
(0936) -123-3147/gilmar07@yahoo.com

 Ms. MACKLYN COO ZARATE

Medical Technologist
Caloocan Health Center
(0945) -350-3567/ColinZarate@yahoo.com

 Ms. ALTHEA FAYE M. TORRES

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges
altheamoraudatorres@gmail.com

I hereby affirm that the above information is true and correct to the best of my ability.

____________________________
MAXINNE D. DACUYA
 45

ANGELA GARCIA
Address: Block 7, Lot 26, Phase E1, Mulawin,
Francisco Homes, City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

Contact Number: 0955-099-5063

Email Address: bubblymin325@gmail.com

Career Objective: A highly organized and hard-working individual looking for a

responsible position to gain practical experience

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
2019 up to present
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Village Montessori School and Colleges
Phase D, Block 1, Lot 1, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2015-2019 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Stallion Homes Learning Academy
Block 9, Lot 9, Stallion, Francisco Homes, City of San
Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2012-2015 Makapuyat National High School

Napo, Sta. Cruz, Marinduque

2009-2012 ELEMENTARY
Tawiran Elementary School
Barangay Tawiran, Napo, Sta. Cruz, Marinduque

SKILLS, COMPETENCIES, AND RELEVANT INTERESTS

 Adaptability
 Teamwork

ACHIEVEMENTS AND AWARDS

 Best in Science
 Academic Excellence Awardee– With Honors
 46

CHARACTER REFERENCES

 Ms. DESALE MANZANO

School Principal/ Head
Stallion Homes Learning Academy
(0926) -199-8517/desalemanzano@gmail.com

 Mr. JOHN JOVAN A. MADELAR

P. E. Teacher
Stallion Homes Learning Academy
johnjovanamadelar@gmail.com

 Ms. ALTHEA FAYE M. TORRES

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges
altheamoraudatorres@gmail.com

I hereby affirm that the above information is true and correct to the best of my ability.

______________________
ANGELA GARCIA
 47

MA. THEA ANGELINE N. GUBAN

Address: Block 4, Lot 13, Palmera Northwinds Phase
2-B, Barangay Kaypian, City of San Jose Del Monte,
Bulacan

Contact Number: 0917-931-0661

Email Address: thea.guban@gmail.com

Career Objective: Seeking for a challenging position in a reputable organization to

expand my learnings, knowledge and skills while making a significant contribution to
the success of the company

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
2019 up to present
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Village Montessori School and Colleges
Phase D, Block 1, Lot 1, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2015-2019 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Village Montessori School and Colleges
Phase D, Block 1, Lot 1, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2009-2015 ELEMENTARY
Village Montessori School and Colleges
Phase D, Block 1, Lot 1, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

SKILLS, COMPETENCIES, AND RELEVANT INTERESTS

 Adaptability
 Creativity
 Ability to work under pressure
 Time management
 Graphic design
 Data analysis

ACHIEVEMENTS AND AWARDS

 Academic Excellence Awardee – With Honors
Poster Making Contest Winner
 Slogan Making Contest Winner
 48

 Essay Writing Contest Winner

 Gold Loyalty Awardee
 Best in Arts
 Division Schools Press Conference Contestant – Editorial Cartooning, English
Category
 7th Honorable Mention
 Best in Writing
 Best in Deportment
 3rd Honor – Bronze Medalist
 2nd Honors – Silver Medalist
 1st Honors – Gold Medalist

CHARACTER REFERENCES

 Ms. ALTHEA FAYE M. TORRES

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges
altheamoraudatorres@gmail.com

 Ms. JESSICA CHRISTINA C. APOLONIO

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges
0975-113-1569/jessieapolonio@gmail.com

 Ms. AIZA D. YAGUEL

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and College
0930-069-9006/yaguelaiza@yahoo.com

I hereby affirm that the above information is true and correct to the best of my ability.

__________________________________
MA. THEA ANGELINE N. GUBAN
 49

OLIVER JOHN L. LANQUINO

ADDRESS: Blk 23, Lot 33, Phase 2A, Barangay
Kaypian, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan

CONTACT NUMBER: 0961-200-0101

EMAIL ADDRESS: oliver.lanquino@gmail.com

Career Objective: To enhance my skills in a professional environment

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
2019 up to present
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Village Montessori School and Colleges, Inc.
Phase D, Blk 1, Lot 1, Francisco Homes,
City of San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

2015-2019 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Al-Majd International School (Philippine Curriculum)
Al Qashlah, 4034, Dhahran 34232, Saudi Arabia

2012-2015 ELEMENTARY
Bangaoilan Elementary School
National Highway, Bangar, La Union

2009-2012 Al Moattasem International School

Dhahran Jubail Expressway, Al Jubail 35518, Saudi
Arabia

SKILLS, COMPETENCIES, AND RELEVANT INTERESTS

 Competent in using Microsoft (Word, Excel, PowerPoint and etc.)

 Flexible
 Good at Mathematics and English

ACHIEVEMENTS AND AWARDS

 Loyalty Award (S.Y 2018-2019)

 Special Award in Arabic (S.Y 2018-2019)
 Academic Excellence Awardee - With Honors (S.Y 2017-2018)
 Academic Excellence Awardee - Salutatorian (S.Y 2014-201
 50

CHARACTER REFERENCES

 Ms. ALTHEA FAYE M. TORRES

High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges, Inc.
altheamoraudatorres@gmail.com

 Ms. MARIE LOU MAGADAN

Computer Specialist
ASFLAI
0908-863-0690

 Mr. PASTOR JAY DE LA CRUZ

Head Pastor
God of All Living Church
0921-744-5220

I hereby affirm that the above information is true and correct to the best of my ability.

____________________________________
OLIVER JOHN L. LANQUINO
 51

PAUL SYMON O. RIVERA

Address: 849 Sta. Lucia St. Fatima II, City of San Jose
Del Monte, Bulacan

Contact: (0905)-481-4296

Email Address: polsy09@gmail.com

Career Objective: To secure a challenging position in a reputable organization to

expand my learnings, knowledge, and skills

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
2019 up to present
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Village Montessori School and College
Science Technology Engineering Mathematics (STEM)
City of San Jose Del Monte

2015-2019 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

San Jose Del Monte National Trade School
Fatima V, City of San Jose Del Monte

2014-2015 ELEMENTARY
Bagong Buhay E Cental School
Fatima IV, City of San Jose Del Monte

2010-2014 Sapang Palay Learning Center Inc.

Sapang Palay Proper

SKILLS, COMPETENCIES, AND RELEVANT INTERESTS

 Flexibility
 Creativity
 Adaptability

ACHIEVEMENTS AND AWARDS

 Top 2 (S.Y 2014-2015)

 Best in Arts
 Academic Excellence Awardee- With Honors (S.Y. 2015-2016)
 Academic Excellence Awardee- With Honors (S.Y. 2016-2017)
 1st place in Mr. Foundation Day
 Most neat and clean
 Academic Excellence Awardee- With Honors (S.Y. 2017-2018)
 52

 Academic Excellence Awardee- With Honors (S.Y. 2018-2019)

CHARACTER REFERENCES

 Ms. ALTHEA FAYE M. TORRES

Senior High School Teacher
Village Montessori School and Colleges
altheamoraudatorres@gmail.com

 Mrs. ANNIE C. REYNOSO

Teacher III
San Jose Del Monte National Trade School
annnie.reynoso@deped.gov.ph

 Ms. ERLINDA MARIE CAGUIOA

Online ESL tutor
Brgy. Fatima I, Area-E City of San Jose Del Monte Bulacan
caguioa@gmail.com

I hereby affirm that the above information is true and correct to the best of my ability.

_________________________________
PAUL SYMON O. RIVERA