CERITFICATE

This is to certify that, this is the bonafide record

of project work done by EUGENE VINCENT K of
grade XII during the academic year 2019-20,
submitted for AISSCE chemistry practical
examination held on VVS at 27/01/2020.

TEACHER IN CHARGE

PRINCIPAL INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 ACKNOWLEDGMENT
In the accomplishment of this project successfully, many
people have best owned upon me their blessings and
the heart pledged support So aim utilizing this
opportunity to thank all the people who have been
concerned with my project.
Primarily I would like to thank god almighty for giving
me, knowledge and good health to complete this
project with success.
Then I would like to thank our principal madam for her
continuous support and our chemistry teacher whose
wholehearted guidance helped me to patch this project
and make it a full-proof success. The suggestions and
instructions given by them served as the major
contribution to the completion of this project.

Then I would like to thank my parents and friends who

have helped me with their valuable suggestions and
guidance, which has been hel[pfull in various phases of
the completion of this project.
Last but not least I would like to thank my classmates
who have helped me a lot.
 VELAMMAL VIDHYASHRAM
(CBSE)

CHEMISTRY
INVESTIGATORY
PROJECT

CLASS XII-IB
2019-2020

DETERMINING AMOUNT OF ACETIC ACID IN

VINEGAR

Submitted by: EUGENE VINCENT K

Batch no: 17
Register no: 20612906
 INDEX
1. Aim.
2. Objective.
3. Introduction.
4. Apparatus.
5. Theory.
6. Procedure.
7. Experiment 1.
8. Experiment 2.
9. Experiment 3.
10.Result.
11. Precautions.
AIM:
Measuring the Amount of Acetic Acid in
Vinegar by Titration with an Indicator
Solution.

Objective:
The Goal of This Project Is to Determine the
Amount of Acetic Acid in Different Types of
Vinegar Using Titration with A Colored Ph
Indicator to Determine the End Point.

Introduction:
 Vinegar Is A Solution Made from The Fermentation
of Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), Which in Turn Was
Previously Fermented from Sugar. The Fermentation
of Ethanol Results in The Production of Acetic Acid
(CH3COOH).
 There Are Many Different Types of Vinegar, Each
Starting from A Different Original Sugar Source.
 The Amount of Acetic Acid in Vinegar Can Vary,
 Typically Between 4 To 6 % For Table Vinegar
Titration Introduction:
In This Project, I Have Determined the Amount of
Acid in Different Vinegars Using Titration, A
Common Technique in Chemistry.
Titration Is A Way to Measure the Unknown
Amount of a Chemical in A Solution (The Titrant)
By Adding A Measured Amount of a Chemical with
A Known Concentration (The Titrating Solution).
The Titrating Solution Reacts with The Titrant, And
the Endpoint of The Reaction Is Monitored in Some
Way.
The Concentration of The Titrant Can Now Be
Calculated from The Amount of Titrating Solution
Added, And the Ratio of The Two Chemicals in The
Chemical Equation for The Reaction.

Apparatus:
➢ Vinegar, Three Different Types.
➢ Distilled Water.
➢ Small Funnel.
➢ 0.5% Phenolphthalein Solution in Alcohol (pH
Indicator Solution).
➢ 0.1M Sodium Hydroxide Solution.
 ➢ 125ml Conical Flask.
➢ 25 or 50 ml Burette.
➢ 10ml Graduated Cylinder.
➢ Ring Stand.
➢ Burette Clamp.

Theory:

Molar Mass of NaOH = 40 g/mol.

=10g.

CH3COOH(a) + NaOH(a) CH3COONa(a) + H2O(l)

(ACID) + (BASE)  (SALT) + (WATER)
At the End Point in The Titration Stoichiometry
Between the Both Solution Lies in A 1:1 Ratio.

Strength Of Acid In Vinegar Can Be Determined

By The Following Formula:
Strength of Acetic Acid = MCH3COOH X 60

Indicator: Phenolphthalein.
End Point: Colorless to Pink.

Procedure:
1. Pour 1.5ml Of Vinegar in A Conical Flask.
2. Add Distilled Water To Dissolve The Vinegar So That
The Volume Of The Solution Becomes 20 ml.
3. Add 3 Drops Of 0.5% Phenolphthalein Solution.
4. Use The Burette Clamp To Attach The Burette To The
Ring Stand. The Opening at The Bottom of The Burette
Should Be Just Above the Height of The Conical Flask We
Use for The Vinegar and Phenolphthalein Solution.
5. Use A Funnel To Fill The Burette With A 0.1M Solution
Of Sodium Hydroxide.
6. Note The Starting Level Of The Sodium Hydroxide
Solution In The Burette. Put The Vinegar Solution To Be
Titrated Under The Burette.
7. Slowly Drip The Solution Of Sodium Hydroxide Into The
Vinegar Solution. Swirl the Flask Gently to Mix the
Solution, While Keeping the Opening Underneath the
Burette.
8. At Some Point We Will See A Pink Color in The Vinegar
Solution When the Sodium Hydroxide Is Added, But the
Color Will Quickly Disappear as The Solution Is Mixed.
When This Happen, Slow the Burette to Drop-By-Drop
Addition.
9. When the Vinegar Solution Turns Pinkish and Remains
That Color Even with Mixing, the Titration Is Complete.
Close The tap (Or Pinch Valve) Of the Burette.
10. Note The Remaining Level Of The Sodium Hydroxide
Solution In The Burette. Remember To Read From The
Bottom Of The Meniscus.
11. Subtract The Initial Level From The Remaining Level
To Figure Out How Much Titrating Solution We Have
Used.
12. For Each Vinegar That We Test, Repeat the Titration
At Least Three Times.

Experiment 1:
Take The Laboratory Vinegar In The Conical
Flask And Do The Titration With NaOH As
Mentioned.
Observation:
Serial Volume In Burette Reading Volume Of
Number Vinegar Initial Final NaOH Solution
Solution (In ml) (In ml) (In ml) Used (In ml)
1. 20 0 15.2 15.2
2. 20 0 15.2 15.2
3. 20 0 15.2 15.2
Concordant Value = 15.2 ml
Calculations:
 = 0.38 mol/L
Strength of Acetic Acid = 0.38 x 60 g/L
= 22.8 g/L

Experiment 2:
Take the Household Vinegar in The Conical
Flask and Do the Titration with NaOH As
Mentioned.
Observation:
Serial Volume In Burette Reading Volume Of
Number Vinegar Initial Final NaOH Solution
Solution (In ml) (In ml) (In ml) Used (In ml)
1. 10 0 13.5 13.5
2. 10 0 13.5 13.5
3. 10 0 13.5 13.5
Concordant Value = 13.5 ml

Calculations:
 = 0.675 mol/L
Strength of Acetic Acid = 0.6576 x 60 g/L
= 40.5 g/L

Experiment 3:
Take The Wine Vinegar In The Conical Flask And
Do The Titration With NaOH As Mentioned.
Observation:
Serial Volume In Burette Reading Volume Of
Number Vinegar Initial Final NaOH Solution
Solution (In ml) (In ml) (In ml) Used (In ml)
1. 10 0 24 24
2. 10 0 24 24
3. 10 0 24 24
Concordant Value = 24 ml

Calculations:
 = 1.2 mol/L
Strength of Acetic Acid = 1.2 x 60 g/L
= 72 g/L

Result:
 Strength of Acetic Acid in Laboratory vinegar =
22.8 g/L.
 Strength of Acetic Acid in Household vinegar =
40.5 g/L.
 Strength of Acetic Acid in Wine vinegar = 72 g /L.

Graphically Plotting Various Vinegar Samples in

Accordance with The Amount of Acetic Acid Present in
Them We Present A Stunning Find:
 Amount Of Acetic Acid In Various
Vinegars
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Laboratory Vinegar Household Vinegar Wine Vinegar

Order Of Amount Of Acetic Acid In Vinegar Is:

Wine Vinegar > Household Vinegar > Laboratory Vinegar

Precautions:
 Transferring of Measured Vinegar into A
Measuring Flask Should Be Done Very Carefully.
 Measuring Must be Performed Carefully.
 Look At The Meniscus Of Solution At Eye Level
To Avoid Parallax.
 Look at The Lower Meniscus in The Light-
Colored Solution and Upper Meniscus in The
Dark Colored Solution Because Of Visibility.
 Do Not Forget to Add Distilled Water to The
Vinegar.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
1. http://www.thetrustedtrolley.com.au

2.http://www.livestrong.com/article/308673-
potassium-bisulphate-asa- food-preservative/

3.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_bisul
fate