GPON Technology

Overview Principles
Working Principles Principles
Service Multiplexing Principles
The GPON technology uses the P2MP architecture of a standard The GPON technology uses different upstream and downstream wavelengths to transmit Downstream
PON network. A GPON network consists of an OLT, ONUs, and data bidirectionally over a single optical fiber.

filter
optical splitters. GEM Port IFgpon
Downstream

ONU 1 IFgpon GEM Port GEM Port filter

SNI S/R ODN R/S UNI T-CONT

filter
ONU OLT GEM port GEM Port
IFgpon
IFgpon T-CONT
Service Optical
OLT IFgpon CPE
node splitter OLT ONU
Optical ONU N
splitter ONU Upstream 1. OLT data is mapped to GEM ports.

 A GEM port is the minimize unit for carrying data. 2. The OLT broadcasts GEM port data to all ONUs.
GPON Parameters  A T-CONT is an upstream service flow control unit. 3. ONUs receive the desired data according to GEM port IDs.

Upstream 12901330/1310  A GPON port on an ONU contains multiple T-CONTs.

Wavelength/Center Upstream
Wavelength (nm)  A T-CONT contains multiple GEM ports.
Downstream 14801500/1490
GEM Port T-CONT IFgpon
Upstream 1.244 Service Transmission Principles
Bandwidth (Gbit/s)
Downstream 2.488 IFgpon
ONU 1 1 ONU 1 1
GEM Port
Line NRZ/FSS 1 T-CONT IFgpon
Protocol 1 2 3 GEM Port
Link ATM/GEM OLT ONU 2 2 OLT 2 ONU 2 2

Maximum Logical Reach (km) 60 3 OLT ONU

ONU 3 3 ONU 3 3
1. ONU data is mapped to GEM ports.
Maximum Physical Reach (km) 20
Data is broadcast in downstream Data is transmitted in TDMA mode in 2. ONUs transmit data to the OLT based on T-CONT requirements.
Nominal Reach (km) 20 direction. ONUs receive the desired data upstream direction. In this mode, multiple
3. The OLT restores GEM port data and transmits the data to its
Split Ratio 1:641:128 according to GEM port IDs. timeslots are allocated to an uplink.
service processing units.

Networking Applications Technology Evolution

The GPON technology applies on FTTB, FTTC, FTTD, FTTO, FTTW and FTTH networks based on The GPON technology is being evolved at NG PON1 and NG PON2 phases.
access nodes.
NG PON2
CO NG PON1 based on the TDMA PON technology. The TWDM-PON, 40G PON, 
NG PON1 phase involves XGPON1 and XGPON2.
XGPON1: namely XG-PON, provides asymmetric
10G PON transmission .
FTTC FTTO
XGPON2: namely XGS-PON, provides symmetric NG PON1

10G PON transmission . XGPON1 XGPON2

FTTB Small cell

WiFi NG PON2 based on the TWDM PON technology.
NG PON2: provides symmetric 40G PON transmission.
FTTH
FTTD GPON
FTTW
2010 2011

Item XG-PON XGS-PON 40G PON

DS: 15751580 DS: 15751580 DS: 15961603

Wavelength (nm) US: 12601280 US: 12601280 US: 15321540

DS: 10 DS: 10 DS: 40

Rate (Gbit/s) US: 2.5 US: 10 US: 40