MODULES IN INTEGERS: SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIALS TO ENHANCE

STUDENTS PERFORMANCE

A Thesis

Presented to the

Faculty of the Graduate Studies

Naga College Foundation

Naga City

In Partial Fulfilment

Of the Requirements for the Degree

Master of Arts in Education

Major in Mathematics

JERRYCO A.GARCIA

2019
 CHAPTER 1:

THE PROBLEM

Introduction

Teaching is the noblest among all the professions in the world. It demands a total

commitment and dedication for the total development and transformation of the 21 st

century learners to produce a high quality education.

Acero, Javier, Castro(2015) stated in her book ‘Principles of Teaching I’ teaching

is one which can be rewarding and fulfilling no matter what the odds are, especially for

people who regard it as calling, more than a commitment. Many years back, teaching was

reserved to the idealist – people who have faith in the young and envisioned a kind of

society and future that will benefit all because education is grounded on quality.

There is a persistent demand for a professional teachers who will stick with the

profession despite the constraints

Teacher particularly high school have their different expertise. They chose the

subject they love the most as their specialized subject during their baccalaureate course

because it could be easy to impart knowledge if they teach the subject they are most

interested to. Remember that education is the key to one’s development and progress.

Many teachers however teach subject that is out of their expertise or out of their field.
 Teachers, therefore regardless of the personal attributes are tasked of sharing

knowledge and how this knowledge is used to its maximum. They guide the students to

develop their competence. They maximize their students’ potential by enhancing their

self-esteem. They link with parents and other persons along the profession and employ

innovative strategies to achieve their goals.

In uplifting the academic performance of the students, modules are likewise being

promoted since it is of great help. This will make students a freedom to explore topics at

their own pace. They will be directing at their own learning which can be done alone or

with groups. Hence, creativity can be observed.

Since students have different abilities, talents or skills manifested in the diversity

of learning or the multiple intelligence, some may absorb the lesson along with the teacher

and some at their own understanding by doing it. In this manner, modules would be of

great help.

In this study, modules will serve as a supplementary materials in enhancing

students’ performance particularly in the topics involving Integers. This will be compared

with the traditional way of teaching if it is more effective than the traditional or not. Thus,

students may have a thorough understanding and mastery about the topics

aforementioned.
 Integers as it is seem to easily understand and acquired by many. But, in this

behalf, the study focuses on the slow learners which found difficulties in dealing with

integers specifically on the topics which involves operations on Integers. Furthermore,

this modules will be their helping hand in understanding the topic by their own.

The researcher uses the module as a tool for the students to explore beyond the

four corners of the classroom. In this way, students can learn at their own pace and will

have freedom to select when and where they want to study. In addition, few instructional

materials can be found about Integers that are interactive. Sometimes, textbooks will treat

it only as chapters in the much larger subject, Algebra. While Integers shares the difficulty

of the mathematics considering the slow learners, it does not have enough instructional

materials. Hence, the researcher hopes to add some instructional material for Integers by

coming up with these modules.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aimed to create modules as a supplementary materials to enhance the

performance in Integers of the Grade 7-Mathematics students at San Juan National High

School, Handong, Libmanan, Camarines Sur. Specifically, it sought to answer the

following questions:

1. What is the performance level of the students on the different topics about Integers?

2. What modules can be made to overcome the weakness of the students in Integeres?

3. Is there a significant difference between teaching grade 7 mathematics using the

computer application and the traditional method? Along:

 a) Addition of integers

b) Subtraction of integers

c) Multiplication of integers

d) Division of integers

ASSUMPTIONS

The study was based on the following assumptions

1) The performance of the students varies in the topics involving operations on

integers

2) Modules can be made to overcome the weakness of the students in Integers.

HYPOTHESES:

The following hypotheses were tested:

1. There is a significant difference in teaching Integers to Grade 7 mathematics students

between traditional and modular approach?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

The study is deemed important the student, mathematics teachers, curriculum makers

and other researchers.

Students. The students are the ultimate beneficiary of this study. They can have more

interactive supplementary material since they are considered millennial’s or digital natives

through the use of interactive modules. By this, they can be more motivated to study

mathematics particularly, operations on integers since their interaction of the modules

application may increase their self-confidence and self-esteem.

Mathematics teacher. This is highly important to the teachers since they are the sole

facilitator and transmitter of knowledge. The results of this will help them decide whether

the students should be given instructional materials or not and what kind of instructional

materials should be given. Furthermore, the teachers may have a deeper insight on their

performance as mathematics teachers.

Curriculum makers. The results of this study will provide baseline in curriculum making.

If the modular application will contribute to the enhancement of students performance in

solving problem involving operations on integers results of this study will make curriculum

makers to decide if they will include this as a supplementary materials in teaching

operation on integers in the curriculum.

Other researchers. This study may serve as their guide in their preparation of another

modules or other instructional materials in other subjects where learners find difficulty.

This may also serve as reference to researchers whose focus is improvement of student

performance through other means.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study dealt with the development of modules in integers: (concepts, addition,

subtraction, multiplication and division, problems). The respondents of the study were the

grade 7 mathematics students of San Juan national high school at Handong, Libmanan,

Camarines Sur. s/y: 2019-2020.

The study focused on the basic concepts and application of operations on integers as

provided in the Department of Education memorandum that requires the implementation

of the grade 7 curriculum particularly on the following topics;

1. Integers: overview

2. Addition of integers

3. Subtraction of integers

4. Multiplication of integers

5. Division of integers

6. Problems involving Integers

Other topics of integers are included like worded problems involving operations on

integers. Topics that integrate integers are excluded. Likewise, the study focused on the

cognitive domain taxonomy of objectives by Kruthwohl, to wit: understanding,

remembering, applying, analysing, evaluating and creating.

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

For clarity and understanding the following terms were defined operationally and

conceptually:

Operations on integers. It is the study of adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing

signed numbers, both positive and negative including zero. In this study operations on

integers may include worded problems involving operations integers.

Module. This is a set of learning opportunity systematically organized around a well-

defined topic, which contains the elements of instruction-specific objectives, teaching-

learning activities and evaluation using criterion-reference measures. Modules as used in

this study is a learning kit designed to supplement classroom instruction which contains

concepts in Integers.

Validity. It is the degree to which a test measures what if really purports to measure

Effectivity. The degree to which something is successful in producing a desired result.

In this study it will measure how success the computer applications designed using some

sorts of parameters.
 NOTES

Renato R. Pasimio, The Philippine Constitution (Including Political Science),

(Quezon City: National Book Store, 2000) p. 368

Jose N. Nolledo, The Education Act of the Philippines: Annotated, (Caloocan City:

Philippine Graphics Arts Imc., 1995) p. 2

Allan C. Ornstein, Strategies for Effective Teaching, (NewYork,Harper Collins

Publisher,1990) p. 383

Francisco M. Zulueta and Kathleen Guimbatan, Teaching Strategies and

Educational Alternatives Volume II, (Mandaluyong City: Academic Publishing

Corporation, 2002) p. 197

Jesus Palma, Curriculum Development and Management, (Manila: National

Bookstore Inc. 1992)

Cosuelo G. Sevilla et. al. Research Methods, (Manila: Rex Book Store, 1992) pp.

196, 197, 200.