Tutorial -1

⃗ = Ax 𝑖̂ – Ay 𝑗̂ ; the units of velocity are m/s; x and y are given in

1) A velocity field is given by 𝑉
meters; A = 0.3 S-1.

(a) Obtain an equation for the streamlines in the xy plane.

(b) Plot the streamline passing through the point (x0, y0) = (2, 8).
(c) Determine the velocity of a particle at the point (2, 8).
(d) If the particle passing through the point (x0, y0) is marked at time t = 0, determine the
location of the particle at time t = 6 s.
(e) What is the velocity of this particle at time t = 6 s ?
(f) Show that the equation of the particle path (the pathline) is the same as the equation of
the streamline.

2) A shock-free coupling for a low-power mechanical drive is to be made from a pair of concentric
cylinders. The annular space between the cylinders is to be filled with oil. The drive must transmit
power = 10 W. Other dimensions and properties are as shown. Neglect any bearing friction and end
effects. Assume the minimum practical gap clearance δ for the device is δ = 0.25 mm. Dow
manufactures silicone fluids with viscosities as high as 106 Centipoise. Determine the viscosity that
should be specified to satisfy the requirement for this device. (Figure shown Below)
3) Three Pipes each of uniform cross-section lie in a horizontal plane & converge at a point as shown
in the figure. Fluid flow through A1 with the velocity V1 and out of A2 and A3 with the velocities V2 and
V3. The dimensions are such that (A2V2 = 0.5A1V1).

Find the resultant force required to hold the joint in equilibrium, assuming that the fluid velocities
are uniform across the sections of the pipe and that the pressure in the field is negligible.

4) Fluids of viscosities μ1 = 0.15 N.s/m2, μ2 = 50.5 N.s/m2, and μ3 = 0.2 N. s/m2 are contained
between two plates (each plate is 1 m2 in area). The thicknesses are h = 0.5 mm, h = 0.25 mm, and h
= 0.2 mm, respectively. Find the steady speed V of the upper plate and the velocities at the two
interfaces due to a force F = 100 N. What is the fluid velocity at the interface between the fluids?
(Figure Shown Below)
5) A concentric cylinder viscometer may be formed by rotating the inner member of a pair of closely
fitting cylinders. The annular gap is small so that a linear velocity profile will exist in the liquid
sample. Consider a viscometer with an inner cylinder of 4 in. diameter and 8 in. height, and a
clearance gap width of 0.001 in., filled with castor oil at 90oF. Determine the torque required to turn
the inner cylinder at 400 rpm.

6) Derive an expression for the following:

a) Excess of pressure inside a spherical soap bubbles.
b) Excess of pressure inside a spherical liquid drop.
c) Capillary rise or fall of a column of water or mercury, respectively, as a function of tube of
diameter D.

7) A container is being filled with liquid of density ρ. A small, sharp-edged hole of radius R penetrates
the container’s bottom. The surface tension between the liquid and the ambient air is σ, and the
contact angle for the air/liquid/container combination is α (measured from the wall through the
liquid to the interface).
(a) Find the critical liquid depth hc at which liquid first begins to flow through the hole in the bottom.
Assume that R « h. (Hint Is the expression different depending on whether α is greater or smaller
than π/2?)
(b) Evaluate hc for the case when the liquid is water at 20◦C, R = 0.1 mm, σ = 0.07 N/m, and α = 120◦.
(Fig Shown Below)
8) The label on a jar of peanut butter states its net weight is 510 g. Express its mass and weight in SI,
BG, and EE units.

⃗ = a 𝑖̂ + bx 𝑗̂ where a = 2 m/s and b = 1 S-1. Coordinates are

9) A flow is described by velocity field 𝑉
measured in meters. Obtain the equation for the streamline passing through point (2, 5). At t = 2 s,
what are the coordinates of the particle that passed through point (0, 4) at t = 0? At, t = 3 s, what are
the coordinates of the particle that passed through point (1, 4.25) 2 s earlier? What conclusions can
you draw about the pathline, streamline, and streakline for this flow?

10) A block weighing 10 lbf and having dimensions 10 in. On each edge is pulled up an inclined
surface on which there is a film of SAE 10W oil at 100o F. If the speed of the block is 2 ft/s and the oil
film is 0.001 in. thick, find the force required to pull the block. Assume the velocity distribution in the
oil film is linear. The surface is inclined at an angle of 25o from the horizontal.