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School
Shikohabad(Firozabad)
JAB
Physics Project on:-
TRANSFORMER
Submitted to:
Submitted by: Suyash
Yadav
Roll No. : 14
School: Delhi Public
School(Shikohabad)
Certificate
This is to certify that____________, student of Class XII, Delhi Public
School,shikohabad(Uttar Pradesh) has completed the project titled
Transformer during the academic year 2019-2020 towards partial fulfillment
of credit for the Physics practical evaluation of CBSE 2020, and submitted
satisfactory report, as compiled in the following pages, under my
supervision.
(INTERNAL) (EXTERNAL)
Acknowledgements
I would like to
express my
sincere gratitude
to my physics
mentor MR.
INTRODUCTION
alternating voltage.
CONSTRUCTION
A transformer consists of a rectangular shaft iron core made of laminated
sheets, well insulated from one another. Two coils p 1 & p2 and s1 & s2 are
wound on the same core, but are well insulated with each other. Note that
the both the coils are insulated from the core, the source of alternating e.m.f
is connected to p1p2, the primary coil and a load resistance R is connected to
s1 s2, the secondary coil through an open switch S. thus there can be no
current through the sec. coil so long as the switch is open.
For an ideal transformer, we assume that the resistance of the primary &
secondary winding is negligible. Further, the energy loses due to magnetic
the iron core is also negligible.
INTRODUCTION OF
TRANSFORMER
THEORY AND
WORKING OF
TRANSFORMER
have
get
Es / Ep = - Ns / Np ----------------(3)
in the instantaneous values of the applied and back e.m.f. further if R p is the
resistance o, p1p2 coil, then the instantaneous current Ip in the primary coil
is given by
Ip = E – Ep / Rp
E – Ep = Ip Rp
therefore
E – Ep = 0 or Ep = E
In a step up transformer
Ep I p = Es I s Or
Es / Ep = Ip / Is = K
In a step up transformer
Thus a step up transformer in reality steps down the current & a step down
transformer steps up the current.
Efficiency:-
ENERGY LOSSES:-
1. Copper loss is the energy loss in the form of heat in the copper coils of a
transformer. This is due to joule heating of conducting wires.
2. Iron loss is the energy loss in the form of heat in the iron core of the
transformer. This is due to formation of eddy currents in iron core. It is
minimized by taking laminated cores.
USES OF TRANSFORMER
A transformer is used in almost all a.c. operations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
By (Satish K.Gupta)
2.www.google.com
3.www.Wikipedia.com
4.www.blogspot.com