The New Innovation of Alternative Fuel Vehicle

for the Better World

Nurizal Afriansyah 1303167016

1 D3K PLN A

TEKNIK ELEKTRO INDUSTRI

POLITEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA NEGRI SURABAYA

2017
 The New Innovation of Alternative Fuel Vehicle
for the Better World

CHAPTER 1
Introuction

1.1 Background

If you’ve been watching the news in recent days, you’ll know we have an energy
crisis, partly due to a gas crisis, which in turn has triggered a political crisis. For
2016, the IEA Oil Market Report forecasts worldwide average demand of nearly
96 million barrels of oil and liquid fuels per day – that works out to more than 35
billion barrels a year. Production breached 97 million barrels per day (mb/d) in
late 2015, and Medium-Term Oil Market Report 2016 foresees demand crossing
the 100 mb/d threshold towards the end of its five-year outlook period.

Figure 1 : Oil Consumtion and Production by region diagram’s

Source : google.com
Oil powers utmost all machines that move and that makes oil uniquely versatile.
Oil powered airplanes carry 500 people across the widest oceans at nearly the
speed of sound. Oil powered machines produce and transport food. In North
America there are many more seats in oil powered vehicles than there are
people. Oil powered machines are ubiquitous. Clearly, we live in the age of oil,
but the age of oil is drawing to a close. The coming era of limited and expensive
energy will be very difficult for everyone on Earth but it will be even more difficult
if it is not anticipated, therefore an innovation fuel is really needed to reduce oil
consumption. The idea of alternative fuels has been around about as long as
there been vehicles. In the 1880s, Henry Ford built one of his first automobiles
to run on ethanol. The alternative fuels that are being actively explored by the
Department of Energy include: methanol; propane; ethanol; compressed and
liquefied natural gas; electricity; hybrid electricity; biodiesel; and hydrogen fuel
cells. Factors such as cost, fuel distribution, emissions, vehicle systems
analysis, energy storage, power and propulsion systems, and advanced power
electronics are just some of the considerations in phasing in alternative fuels
and advanced vehicle design.

1.2 Research Question

1.2.1 What is the alternative fuel ?

1.2.2 Why alternative fuel is needed for better world’s ?
1.2.3 How the improvement of the alternative fuel ?

1.3 Method

I’m use library method because it’s easy to find e-book. E-book’s are available,
the text what i want to find can be searched automatically, and cross referenced
using hyperlink.
 Chapter II
Result

2.1 The Alternative Fuels

Alternative fuels are fuels which are not traditional fuels, it’s mean the
alternative fuels are different with traditional fuels also known fossil fuels or
conventional fules. Some alternative fuels include biodiesel, bioalcohol
(methanol, ethanol, butanol), refuse-derived fuel, chemically stored electricity
(batteries and fuel cells), hydrogen, non-fossil methane, non-fossil natural
gas, vegetable oil, propane and other biomass sources.

2.2 10 REASONS TO USE ALTERNATIVE FUELS

2.2.1 Conventional fuels are going to run out

One day, our sources for traditional fuels including petroleum would be
depleted. Owing to the fact that these fuels are typically not renewable, a lot of
people are worried that a day would come when the demand for these fuels
would be more than the supply, triggering a considerable world crisis. Non-
environmentalists also concur with the opinion that the majority of oil fields
(situated in the Middle East) in the world are associated with problems – both
political and economic. Determining a new method or solution with respect to
finding different countries to create new fuels would reduce the unrest and
conflict resulting from the world’s dependence on fuel supply from the Middle
East.

2.2.2 To reduce pollution

The use of alternative fuels considerably decreases harmful exhaust

emissions (such as carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, particulate matter and
sulfur dioxide) as well as ozone-producing emissions.
2.2.3 To protect against global warming

According to a commonly accepted scientific theory, burning fossil fuels

was causing temperatures to rise in the earth’s atmosphere (global warming).
Though global warming continues to be just a theory, a lot of people across the
globe are of the belief that discovering sources of cleaner burning fuel is an
essential step towards enhancing the quality of our environment.

2.2.4 To save money

Alternative fuels can be less expensive to use not just in terms of the fuel
itself but also in terms of a longer service life. This in turn means savings for the
long term.

2.2.5 Can reuse waste

Biofuels, bioproducts, and biopower provide modern and fresh relevance

to the old belief that trash for one person is a treasure for another. That’s good
news considering that Americans produce in excess of 236 million tons of
waste each year.

2.2.6 More choices

People are different. Each person has his own requirements, opinions,
and preferences. One great thing about alternative fuels and the corresponding
vehicles that run on them is that there is something to suit any lifestyle.

2.2.7 You’ll be helping the farmers

The use of biofuels that depend on crops produced and processed

locally help to support farmers for their dedicated and hard labor. Biodiesel and
ethanol cooperatives are a result of the great outmoded farmer cooperatives
that assist with returning power to the hands of the people.
2.2.8 Can frequently be produced domestically

Often, alternative fuels can be developed domestically, utilizing a

country’s resources and thereby strengthening the economy.

2.2.9 Fuel economy

Vehicles driven on hydrogen fuel cells and diesel are more economical
with respect to fuel compared to an equivalent gasoline vehicle.

2.2.10. More convenience

Wireless charging is one of the factors that make alternative fuels more
convenient. Automaker Nissan already displayed the technology in concert
along with a parking assist system which mechanically guides the vehicle to its
“docking station” or parking spot. The driver just presses a button or utters a
command, releases control over the wheel, and the vehicle takes care of the
rest. Once the vehicle is parked, the driver just turns the car off, closes the door,
and carries on with his business. No need to go the gas station and no plugs. All
that’s required is low-cost electricity and adequate gas in the tank whenever you
have to travel in your car.

More and more onboard sensors now provide cars with the ability to
tackle the most challenging driving tasks such as modifying cruise speeds to
suit traffic situations in real time, emergency stops, and parking. In combination
with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and Advanced GPS navigation, we
can soon expect a day to come when driving would be absolutely “hands free.”

The development of the ‘connected car,’ characterized by seamless

communication of the automobile with sensor onboard systems of its own, in
addition to road and signal infrastructure, so as to decrease time expended in
traffic, prevent accidents, and connect occupants to the web by way of mobile
and on-board devices – is triggering increased electrification for vehicle
architecture
2.3 The Development Alternative Fuels

Nowadays the researcher have proven that vehicles can run on natural gas,
electricity, hydrogen, nitrogen, biofuels like elephant grass – and even
biodiesels based on restaurant grease or chicken waste. It’s mean
alternative fuels can created and can replace the traditional fuels, but
alternative fuel technologies can take decades to fully implement on a
massive scale. As a result, it could take decades before the last internal
combustion engine finally makes its way to a junkyard.
 Chapter III
Conclusion and Reflection

3.1 Conclusion

Well now that i found some information about alternative fuels like what
is alternative fuels?, why alternative fuel is neede for the better world’s? And
also how the development of the alternative fuels?. In this research i must say
that i was so impressed. Ididn’t know that oil will soon be exhausted because so
much oil consumption.

Next, there are benefits of using alternative fuel like fuel economy,
protecting global warming, reducing pollution and etc. it’s mean that alternative
fuel are more benefits than conventional fuel because the conventional fuel is
the big problem of pollution in this earth and make global warming.

The last,the devolepment of alternative fuels is still in progress but i hope

alternative fuels are can be implemented as soon as possible because this
earth must free polllution

3.2 Reflection

Throug this research – entitled The New Innovation of Alternative Fuel

Vehicle for the Better World, i proudly say that i learned more on this research.
The alternative fuels is referring to any type of fuel that is outside of the
recognized traditional petroleum fuels. It is interesting having information about
alternative fuels like knowing the fossil fuels would be depleted because these
fuels are not renewable. I have found that some information, a lot of people are
worried that one day come when the demand for fossil fuels would be more
than the supply, and make considerable world crisis. Indeed, alternative fuels
are very important to make the better world.
 Bibliography

http://www.desdemonadespair.net/2017/01/50-doomiest-graphs-of-
2016.html

https://www.safeopedia.com/definition/1581/alternative-fuel

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_fuel

https://www.cleverism.com/10-reasons-to-use-alternative-fuels/

https://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/

https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/matter_energy/alternative_fuels/