EXPRESSING NECESSITY AND

OBLIGATION

Necessity

Necessity is something that you must have or do : something that is necessary the quality of
being necessary.

Examples of Necessity:

1. Sunscreen is an absolute necessity for the beach.

2. food, clothes, and other basic necessities
3. Getting plenty of rest is a necessity.
4. Without a car, living close to work is a necessity.
5. All we took with us on our hiking trip were the bare necessities.

Example:
I'm looking for Nicole. I have to talk to her about our launch date tomorrow. I can't meet her for
launch because I have to go to a business meeting at 2:00.

Dalam pernyataan kebutuhan sehari hari, Have to lebih sering/ umum digunakan daripada must.
Must biasanya memiliki makna yang lebih kuat daripada have to dan dapat mengindikasikan
suatu keadaan yang darurat atau kepentingan yang sangat mendesak.

 Have got to
b. Have to

Have to/ Have got to/ Must

Example: I have to/ have got to/ must study tonight.
Had to digunakan untuk mengekspresikan kebutuhan di masa lampau (past).
Example: I had to study last night.

Obligation

Examples of Obligation:

1. She believes that all people have a moral obligation to defend human rights.
2. He argues that people in a community have certain obligations to each other.
3. She failed to fulfill her obligations as a parent.

1. Used to Adjectives: Obligatory, Compulsory, Needless, Unnecessary

Example:
It is obligatory for the people to participate in education.
(Artinya: Suatu keharusan bagi orang-orang untuk berpartisipasi dalam pendidikan)
Entering elementary school is compulsory in Indonesia.
(Artinya: Masuk Sekolah Dasar merupakan keharusan di Negara Indonesia)
That’s a needless thing to speak with him.
(Artinya: Taka da gunanya berbicara dengan dia)
It’s unnecessary to sit under the tree for hours.
(Artinya: Tidak perlu duduk di bawah pohon selama berjam-jam)

2. Used to Nouns: Obligation, Compulsion, Need, Necessity

Example:
There’s a legal obligation to enter the army.
(Artinya: Ada keharusan resmi untuk masuk Angkatan Bersenjata)
It’s compulsion to obey your parents.
(Artinya: Merupakan keharusan untuk mematuhi orang tuamu)
It’s a need for everybody to eat nutritious food.
(Artinya: Perlu bagi setiap orang untuk makan makanan yang bergizi)
Is it necessity for man and woman to sit apart?
(Artinya: Apakah perlu bagi laki-laki dan wanita untuk duduk berpisah?)

3. Used to Verbs: Oblige

Example:
My father obliged me to study every night.
(Artinya: Ayah saya mewajibkanku untuk belajar setiap malam)

4. Used to Modal Auxiliaries: Must, Have to, Ought to, Should

Example:
You must obey your parents.
(Artinya: Kamu harus mematuhi kedua orang tuamu)
Every Muslim must pray five times a day.
(Artinya: Setiap umat Islam harus sholat lima kali sehari)
I have to go now.
(Artinya: Saya harus pergi sekarang)
You ought to repair my watch.
(Artinya: Kamu harus memperbaiki jamku)
Those shoes should be repaired.
(Artinya: Sepatu itu seharusnya diperbaiki)
I ought to wake up early.
(Artinya: Saya harus bangun pagi)
Note:
Kata "must" memiliki arti yang sangat kuat (strong). Penggunaan kata "must" ini memiliki
makna lebih cenderung pada suatu keharusan yang sudah menjadi kewajiban untuk dilakukan.