Information Communication Technology

Grade 12 – 2nd Term 2020 (January to April)

Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Level Periods Date
Competency 4: 4.3 Designs Truth tables and logic Identifies situations to apply 06
simple digital expressions for their designs logic circuits in day to day life
Uses logic circuits using (up to three inputs) Designs logic expressions and
gates to design logic gates Digital circuit design truth table for identified
basic digital applications
circuits and Designs digital circuits
devices 4.4 Explores how Building blocks of CPU Identifies the major building 06
combinational o Half adder blocks of CPU
Logic circuits are o Full adder Creates truth table and logical
used in CPU and Storing bits in digital expressions for half adder circuit
sequential circuits circuits Creates truth table and logical
in physical o Feedback loop expressions for full adder circuit
memory o Flip-flops Briefly describes the usage of
Flip-Flops
Competency 5 5.1 Defines the Introduction to computer Defines the computer operating 04
: term computer operating system system
operating system Evolution of OS Briefly describes the evolution
Uses operating (OS) and Main functions of an of OS
systems to investigates its operating system Identifies the main functions
manage the need in computer o Providing interfaces and the abstractions (directories,
functionality of systems o Process management files and data) provided by the
computers o Resource management operating system to the user
o Security and protection Describes how the operating
Classification of system manages the resources of a
operating systems computer
o Single user – single task Classifies the operating systems
o Single user – multi task based on their users and tasks
o Multi user – multi task
o Multi-threading
o Real time
o Time sharing systems
Competency Competency Contents
Level
5.2 Explores how File types
an operating o Need for file types (.exe,
system manages .jpg .txt, etc)
directories/folders Directory and file
and files in organization
computers o File hierarchy
o File systems – FAT etc
File security
o Passwords and access
privileges
File storage management
o Storage allocation
Contiguous allocation
Linked allocation
Indexed allocation
Defragmentation
Maintenance of
secondary storage
o Need and outcome of disk
formatting
5.3 Explores how Definition of process
an operating Interrupts and interrupts
system manages handling
processes in Process management
computers Process states
Process Transitions
Process control block
Context switching
Process schedulers
Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Periods Date
Describes files and directories 06
Briefly describes the need of
disk formatting
Identifies the need for file types
Lists attributes of file and
directories
Describes the structure of the
file systems
Illustrates the organization of
files and directories
Briefly describes the methods
used in file security
Briefly describes how an
operating system manages file
security
Briefly explains
o Contiguous allocation
o Linked allocation
o Indexed allocation
Describes defragmentation and
explains how it occurs
Explains processes 06
Lists the operating system tasks
when a process is created
Lists the types of processes
Lists the process states
Explains process termination
Distinguishes a process and a
program
Explains process states using
the seven state process transition
diagrams
 Describes process schedulers
and scheduling policies
Compares long, short and
medium term schedulers
Describes multi programming
and its needs
Describes time sharing systems
Compares multi programming
vs. time sharing systems
Defines context switch
Briefly explains turnaround
time, response time, throughput
time and waiting time
Briefly explains the process
control block and lists its contents

5.4 Memory management Briefly explains the need of 06

Explores how an o Memory Management memory management and
operating system Unit (MMU) Memory Management Unit
manages the o Physical Memory (MMU)
resources o Virtual memory Briefly explains the virtual
Input and output device memory
management Briefly explains paging and
o Device drivers mapping
o Spooling Briefly describes how an OS
manages Input and output devices
Briefly describes device drivers

Briefly describes the need of

device drivers
Briefly describes spooling
Installs appropriate device
drivers when connecting a
peripheral
 Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Level Periods Date
Competency 6: 6.1 Explores Signal Types Graphically represents digital 03
signals and their o Digital and analog signals and their
Explores the data properties o Analog properties
communication Properties Solves problems related to the
and computer o Amplitude relationship between signal
networking o Frequency properties
technologies to o Wave length
share o Phase
information Propagation speed in a
effectively media
6.2 Explores Wires – Guided media Classifies media as guided and 03
signal (Twisted pair, coaxial cable, unguided media
transmission Fiber optics etc.) Describes how latency,
media Free space – Unguided bandwidth, noise, attenuation, and
media distortion affects signal
Properties transmission
o Latency
o Bandwidth
o Noise
o Attenuation
o Distortion
Simple topology: point-
to-point connection
6.3 Investigates Agreeing on signal Graphically represents 04
how digital data elements to represent data encoding of digital data using two
is encoded using (a protocol) voltage levels as well as
signal elements o Two simple elements –
two voltage levels Manchester encoding
(amplitudes) Describes the possibility of
o Other possibilities using the changes in frequency
(briefly) and phase as signal elements
Frequency Explains the need for
Phase synchronization and describes the
 o Changing speed of signal problems that arise when the
elements transmitter and the receiver are
o Need for synchronization not synchronized
Timing/Clocks Compares and contrasts the
Manchester encoding relationship between how fast the
o Handling errors signal elements are changed and
Example: Parity the bit rate in simple two voltage
encoding and Manchester
encoding
Describes how the parity bit
enables detecting a bit error
6.4 Explores the Public Switched Describes a PSTN as an analog 03
use of Public Telephone Network voice carrying line
Switched o Providing a circuit Describes how modems
Telephone between two points that can modulate analog signals so that
Network (PSTN) carry analog voice they can be sent along a PSTN
to connect two Modulation, line
remote devices Demodulation and Modems Draws a schematic diagram
o Encoding data using depicting two computers
analog signal elements connected using modems via a
Connecting two devices PSTN line
using Modems
6.5 All-to-all connections are Demonstrates the 03
Investigates how impractical impracticality of connecting large
the problem of A solution: Bus number of devices in all-to-all
connecting Topology topology
multiple devices o Simple Demonstrates the simplicity of
into a network is o Problem: Controlling a Bus
addressed access to the bus (media) Draws diagrams of different
Other topologies topologies
o Star Describes the use of Hubs and
o Ring Switches to simplify the wiring of
o Mesh a network and compares/contrasts
Simplifying wiring their functionalities
o Hubs
o Switches
Competency Competency Contents
Level
6.6 Local Area Network
Explores the (LAN)
role of Media Identifying devices
Access Control o Addresses – MAC
(MAC) protocol addresses
Frames
Orderly access to the media
o Very simple protocol as an
example – ALOHA
o Improvements from
ALOHA to Ethernet
Broadcasting and Uni -
casting messages
6.7 A device to connect two or
Explores how more networks – gateway
the multiple Need for globally unique
networks are uniform addressing
interconnected independent of MAC
to form the addresses and LAN
Internet technology
o IPv4 addresses
o Assigning IPs to networks
Sub-netting , Subnet masks
CIDR notation
Private IP addresses
DHCP
o Scarcity of IPv4 addresses
and IPv6 as a solution(an
overview)
Finding the path to the
destination
o Routing and routers
o Packet switching
Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Periods Date
Describes the need to uniquely 04
name devices (addresses) so that the
sender and the receiver can be
identified
Explains the role of frames as the
unit of transmission
Describes the need of a protocol
to ensure orderly access to media
with respect to a bus
Briefly describes the evolution of
MAC protocols from ALOHA to
Ethernet
Explains the role of a gateway 05
device in inter connecting two
LANs
Explain the need for a uniform,
MAC protocol independent
addressing scheme and how IP
addresses play that role
Describes the role of subnet
masks
Calculates subnet masks and IP
address ranges for a given block of
IP addresses and network sizes
Describes how DHCP is used to
dynamically assign IP addresses
Describes the role of routers in
finding a suitable path from the
sender to the receiver
Explains packet switching and
best effort delivery in IP networks
Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Level Periods Date
6.8 Delivering data from an Explains that it is not sufficient 03
Explores the role application process to to deliver a message from one IP
of transport another application process address to another by
protocols in the o Multiple applications at a demonstrating that the
Internet host identified by an IP communication is from process to
Multiplexing – multiple a process
end points at the same IP Explains the need for
o Ports and port numbers multiplexing messages and how
o UDP port numbers identify the end
Properties points
Applications Briefly describes the
o TCP functionality of UDP and lists
Properties applications that use it
Applications Briefly describes the
functionality of TCP and lists
applications that use it
6.9 Domain Name System Describes the need for human 04
Explores some (DNS) friendly names instead of IP
applications on o IP addresses are hard to addresses
the Internet remember Explains the role of DNS in
o Human friendly names translating names to IP addresses
o Hierarchical name space Graphically represent the
o Each domain is hierarchical and distributed
responsible for managing structure of the DNS
the names under it Describes a simple GET
o Top level domains request and its response in HTTP
HTTP Describes the client server
Client Server model model using DNS and HTTP
Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration Due Date Completed Info
Level / Periods Date
6.10 TCP/IP model Describes the functions of layers of 03
Investigates the o Application o Transport TCP/IP and OSI models
role of reference o Internet o Host to network Describes the data units in different
models to OSI model layers (packet, frame and bit)
describe the o Application o Presentation Describes the data flow in a
network o Session o Transport network using TCP/IP and OSI
architecture o Network o Data link models
o Physical
6.11 Investigates Encryption and digital Identifies the need for 04
the security signature – basic idea confidentiality and authentication of
aspects of the o Public Key o Private Key messages and notes that the Internet
communication o Signing does not provide
and protection of Threats Briefly explains the use of the
devices o Viruses o Trojans public and
connected to the o Malware o Phishing
Internet Protection private keys to encrypt and sign
o Firewalls messages
o Antivirus software Describes different threats faced by
o Education/ better networked systems and protection
awareness/ good practices against them
6.12 ISPs Connecting to ISP Describes the role of an ISP 04
Explores the role o Modems Explains the use of modems and
of ISPs and o DSL/ADSL dialup lines to connect a home
technologies A home LAN that uses machine to an ISPs network
used for private IPs Explains the advantages of
connecting o Network Address DSL/ADSL lines
Home Networks Translation /Proxies Explains the roles of NATs and
to the Internet Proxies in a LAN that uses private IPs

Submit to the approval …………………………………. Date …………………………….

Approved / Not Approved ………………………………….. Date ………………………………

Principle / vice principle