21st Century Literature Reviewer named Roland

Barthes.
Chapter 9
- It is against looking
Asian and African Literature – Common
at the author’s
themes of
identity and the
Diaspora
context in which the
Latin American Literature – Magic Realism author lived I to
understand the
Europe and North America – Societal Issues author’s literary text.
in the classical
literature Kirmen Uribe – he was born in Ondarroa.

Charlson Ong – Banyaga -has essay collaboration

with Jon Elordi entitled
Khaled Hosseini – A Thousand Splendid Lizardi and Eroticism.
Suns
-he won the Spanish
Haruki Murakami – The Wind-Up Bird Literature Prize for his novel
Chronicle Bilbao-New York-Bilbao.
Chinua Achebe – Things Fall Apart Africa – The seat of human civilization
Filipino-Chinese Literature (Chinoy) – it is a -the first hominids were found in
melting pot of two Africa.
cultures.
Ethiopia – where Homo sapiens found
Charlson Ong – is a Filipino-Chinese writer and Lucy the Australopithecus
who has penned award-
winning works in Philippines. Chinua Achebe – a Nigerian novelist,
professor, and critic.
-He is a well-known fictionist.
-Author of Things Fall
Works Apart.
 Embarrassment of Riches (2002) Chapter 10
 Banyaga: A Song of War (2006)
 Blue Angel, and White Shadow Southeast Asia - also known as SEA.
(2010) (SouthEast Asia)
 The Trouble in Beijing.
-Have 11 countries
Historical Criticism – for you to understand
 Burma
any given literary text you need
 Singapore
to understand first who the
 Malaysia
author is, his/her social
 Thailand
background, the concept
 Brunei
established in his/her time, and
 Laos
the milieu he/she lived.
 Indonesia
New Historicism - how cultures produce  Cambodia
and reproduce themselves.  Philippines
 Vietnam
Death of the Author – counteracts of new  East Timor
historicism.

-from an essay by
French philosopher
 -They have various religions such
as Catholic, Buddhism, Islam
and more.
-It’s a Tropical Area, sometimes
too hot or too cold.
-Similar to the words “CLIMATE”
and “ECOSYSTEM”
-Have an interesting cultural
diversity; example is their
language and race.
Formalism - Also known as “RUSSIAN
FORMALISM” in early 20th
Century.
-Focus to the form and
technique of the literary work
rather than its content.
-Use “Defamiliarization” which
means “technique of
presenting to audiences in an
unfamiliar or strange way”
Audrey Chin - Singaporean writer
WORKS
• Nine Cuts ( Candidate for 2016
Singapore Literature Prize )
• Heart Bonus Break (Finalist in
the Singapore Book Awards)
• Member of SINGAPORE LADIES
LITERARY BOOK GROUP
-which help promote Asian
Literature
-author of The Dragon Fish
Chapter 11
East Asia – first Homo erectus or “upright
man” (Peking man) lived near
Beijing, China.
Dynasties
Xia Dynasty – the first dynasty
Shang Dynasty of the Yellow River – the
dynasty after Xia
Dynasty
Zhou Dynasty – the longest lasting dynasty.
Tang Dynasty – Golden Age of Chinese
Poetry
Religion
 Confucianism – become a state
religion during Han Dynasty
 Buddhism
 Taoism
Countries and Territories in East Asia
 Hong Kong
 Mongolia
 Japan
 Korea
 Macau
 Ryukyu Islands (now known as
Okinawa Prefecture)
 Tibet
 Taiwan
Postcolonialism – it is an era or theory
developed after a
certain colony gains
independence from
its mother country.
Decolonization – it is the intellectual
process of returning to
the former
independence that
colonies have enjoyed
before the colonizers
came.
Li Bai – also known as Li Bo, a Chinese
poet that is known for his genius,
romantic musings, and
innovation.
-his friend, Du Fu, and him were
famous poet during Tang
Dynasty.
-The author of Seeing Off a Friend.
Chon Ponggon – was born in North Korea.
-after being discharged
from the army, he
became a poet.
Krys Lee – is a Korean author.
 -she is an assistant professor of  Sri Lanka
creative writing and literature at
Western
Yonsei University.
 Armenia
Works
 Azerbaijan
 Drifting House  Bahrain
 How I Became a North Korean  Cyprus
 Fat  Georgia
 Iran
Chapter 12
 Iraq
Western/Southwest Asia – also called the  Isaraael
Middle East.  Jordan
 Kuwait
Three Great Monotheistic Religions  Lebanon
 Oman
 Christianity
 Qatar
 Judaism – was founded in the
 Saudi Arabia
eastern part of the Mediterranean
 Syria
region of Western Asia.
 Turkey
 Islam – is the dominant religion in
 United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Western Asia.
 Yemen
Petroleum – one of the major sources of
Marxism – founded by Karl Marx
growth in Western Asia.
-how the capitalist works and
-for almost 60 percent of the
where it would likely to lead.
word’s reserves are in Western
Asia. Two Classes in Society
Seas  Capitalist - owners
 Proletariat – workers
 Aegean Sea
 Black Sea Alienation – is looking at the way the
 Persian Gulf workers are living and how this
 Caspian Sea specifically affects their overall
 Arabian Sea well-being.
 Red Sea
 Mediterranean Sea Labor Power – workers ability to work for
money or wages.
Countries
4 Happenings in Alienation
Turkey – a country shared by both Europe
and Asia. I. Alienated from the productive
process itself – he or she has no part
-there is a part that is Asian and a in the decision-making process.
part that is European II. The worker is alienated from the
product itself – the worker will almost
South
never have the opportunity to
 Bangladesh experience or to use the product
 Bhutan that they have produced.
 India III. The worker is alienated to society
 Maldives and other humans – the excessive
 Pakistan demands of mass production and
 Afghanistan labor.
IV. The worker is alienated from the
need of the human being for
creativity and community that is to
be shared with other human beings –
the worker is faced with production
day in and day out and cannot be
free to develop his or her own
creativity. (Pakicheck nito baka kasi
masyadong mahaba. Thankiee)
Arundhati Roy – is an Indian author, actress,
and political activist.
Works
 The God of Small Things
 In Which Annie Gives It to Those
Ones
 Electric Moon
 Power Politics (2001)
 The Algebra of Infinite Justice (2002)
 War Talk (2003)
 Public Power in the Age of Empire
(2004)
 Field Notes on Democracy: Listening
to Grasshoppers (2009)
 Broken Republic: Three Essays (2011)
 Capitalism: A Ghost Story (2014)
 The Ministry of Utmost Happiness
Kamala Suraiyya – known by her pen
names Madhavikutty
and Kamala Das.
-she is an Indian poet
and short story writer
who explored the
themes of female
sexuality and freedom.
Chapter 13 (Paki read po ito sa book kung
feeling nyo kulang, Thanks.)
Anglo-Saxon Literature – old English heroic
poetry is the best example
of Anglo-Saxon literature.
-the oral pagan literary
tradition tells a lot about
the history of Germanic
society.
Beowulf – Germanic epic that details the
adventures of its lead
character.
-One of the longest and most
important poems in Old English.
-it started through oral tradition.
-it is widely known pagan tale.
-example of heroic epic and the
other is the Christian epic.
Old English Poetry – is simplistic for it is
marked by innocent Christian
Belief.
Two Names that are Prominent during this
Period
 Caedmon – one of the earliest
known English poet whose
story was told by the
Venerable Bede and who is
known to have re written
Biblical stories in poetic form.
 Cynewulf - a later poet
The Dream of the Rod – the first known
example of using the visions
of dream in poetry.
-it is written by either
Caedmon or Cynewulf
Old English Poetry – usually written with a
line of four stressed
syllables.
-It is broken by a
caesura (a break in
the flow of sound) and
is arranged in
independent patterns.
-it is also quite
common for these
poems to end
unrhymed.
-its common form is
narrative, for there was
no such thig as lyric
poetry back then.
New Criticism – is a literary concept that
places the emphasis on
“close reading” of the work
or text itself.

- It is sometimes known to
be “science of literature”

Caedmon – is the earliest known English

poet.

-he was an Anglo-Saxon who

was tasked to take care of the
animals of a monastery in
Whitby Abbey.

-Author of Caedmon’s Hymn

Ben Jonson – also known as Benjamin

Jonson.

-an English playwright, poet,

and literary critic.

- Author of An Elegy

Edgar Allan Poe – is an American Author,

Poet, Editor, and Literary
critic.

-Best known for his tales of

mystery and the macabre
(MACABRE is used to
describe things that
involved horror of death
and violence)

-Inventor of the detective

fiction genre

-He writes alone; it was

financially difficult.

- Author of The Tell-Tale

Heart.

“He gives strength to the weary

and increases the power of the weak.”
Isaiah 40:29 (NIV)

“In the middle of ever difficulty lies

opportunity.”

Albert Einstein

GOBLESS PO SA EXAM!!