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7. Applications of Differential Calculus

7.2.4 Equations of Tangent and Normal

EXERCISE - 7.2

1. Find the slope of the tangent to the 2. Find the point on the curve
curves at the respective given points. 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒 at which the tangent
is parallel to the line 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟕
(i) 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙 𝒂𝒕 𝒙 = 𝟏
𝝅
(ii) 𝒙 = 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟑 𝒕, 𝒚 = 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑 𝒕 𝒂𝒕 𝒕 = Sol:-
𝟐
Given= 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒

Sol:- Let (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) be the point the tangent is

(i) 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙 parallel to 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟕

𝒅𝒚 −𝟑
𝒅𝒚
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = (𝒅𝒙) = 𝟒𝒙𝟑 + 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟏 (𝒅𝒙) = = −𝟑 ---------- ①
(𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 ) 𝟏

𝒙=𝟏 Now , 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝟒(𝟏)𝟑 + 𝟒(𝟏) − 𝟏 𝒅𝒚
= 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟓
𝒅𝒙
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝟕 𝒅𝒚
(𝒅𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙𝟏 − 𝟓 ---------- ②
∴ 𝑺𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒊𝒔 = 𝟕 (𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 )

From ① & ② we get,

𝝅
(ii) 𝒙 = 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟑 𝒕, 𝒚 = 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟑 𝒕 𝒂𝒕 𝒕 = 𝟐 −𝟑 = 𝟐𝒙𝟏 − 𝟓
𝟑 𝟑
Given 𝒙 = 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒕, 𝒚 = 𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒕 𝟓 − 𝟑 = 𝟐𝒙𝟏
𝒅𝒙
= 𝟑𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕(−𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒕) = −𝟑𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝟐 = 𝟐𝒙𝟏
𝒅𝒕
𝒅𝒚
= 𝟑𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 ∴ 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟏
𝒅𝒕
𝒅𝒚 (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 )𝒍𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒏 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒
𝒅𝒕 𝟑𝒃𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝒅𝒙 = −𝟑𝒂𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒙𝟐𝟏 − 𝟓𝒙𝟏 + 𝟒
𝒅𝒕

𝒅𝒚 −𝒃 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒚𝟏 = (𝟏)𝟐 − 𝟓(𝟏) + 𝟒

= (𝒅𝒙) = 𝒂 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕
𝒚𝟏 = 𝟏 − 𝟓 + 𝟒 = 𝟎
𝒅𝒚 −𝒃
= (𝒅𝒙) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕
𝒂 ∴ 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟎
𝒅𝒚 −𝒃 𝝅
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = (𝒅𝒙) = 𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝟐 ∴ 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔 (𝟏, 𝟎)
𝒂
−𝒃
= (∞) = ∞
𝒂

∴ 𝑺𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒊𝒔 ∞
D.RAVI 9894081117 pg. 6
3. Find the points on the curve 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 − 4. Find the points on the curve 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙𝒚 =
𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙 + 𝟑 where the normal is 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓 for which the tangent is
parallel to the line 𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟗 horizontal.

Sol:- Sol:-
Given 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙 + 𝟑 Given= 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓
Let (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) be the point normal is Let (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) be the point
parallel to 𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟗 𝟐𝒚
𝒅𝒚
− 𝟒 (𝒙
𝒅𝒚
+ 𝒚(𝟏)) = 𝟐𝒙
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒙
−𝟏 −𝟏
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 = 𝒅𝒚 𝒅𝒚
𝒎 𝟏
𝟐𝒚 − 𝟒𝒙 𝒅𝒙 − 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟐𝒙
−𝟏 𝒅𝒙
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 = −𝟏 𝒅𝒚
𝒎
𝟐 − (𝒚 − 𝟐𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚
𝒅𝒙
∴ 𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒎 = 𝟏
𝒅𝒚
𝒅𝒚 ÷ 𝟐, (𝒚 − 𝟐𝒙) = 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚
∴ (𝒅𝒙) = 𝟏 ---------- ① 𝒅𝒙
(𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 ) 𝒅𝒚 𝒙 +𝟐𝒚
(𝒅𝒙) = 𝒚𝟏 −𝟐𝒙𝟏
(𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 ) 𝟏 𝟏
Now, 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙 + 𝟑
𝒅𝒚 Given the tangent is horizontal.
= 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒚
𝒅𝒚
∴ (𝒅𝒙) =𝟎
(𝒅𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 ---------- ② (𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 )
(𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 ) 𝒙𝟏 +𝟐𝒚𝟏
=𝟎
𝒚𝟏 −𝟐𝒙𝟏
From ① & ② we get,
𝒙𝟏 + 𝟐𝒚𝟏 = 𝟎
𝟏 = 𝟑𝒙𝟐𝟏 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙𝟏 + 𝟏
𝒙𝟏 = −𝟐𝒚𝟏 ---------- ①
𝟑𝒙𝟐𝟏 − 𝟏𝟐𝒙𝟏 = 𝟏 − 𝟏
(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 )𝒍𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒏 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟓
𝟑𝒙𝟏 (𝒙𝟏 − 𝟒) = 𝟎
𝒚𝟐𝟏 − 𝟒𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒙𝟐𝟏 + 𝟓
𝟑𝒙𝟏 = 𝟎, 𝒙𝟏 − 𝟒 = 𝟎
𝒚𝟐𝟏 + 𝟖𝒚𝟐𝟏 = 𝟒𝒚𝟐𝟏 + 𝟓
𝒙𝟏 = 𝟎, 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟒
𝟗𝒚𝟐𝟏 − 𝟒𝒚𝟐𝟏 = 𝟓
(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 )𝒍𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒏 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 − 𝟔𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙 + 𝟑
𝟓𝒚𝟐𝟏 = 𝟓
𝒚𝟏 = 𝒙𝟑𝟏 − 𝟔𝒙𝟐𝟏 + 𝒙𝟏 + 𝟑
when 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟎, 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟑 𝒚𝟐𝟏 = 𝟏 ⇒𝒚𝟏 = ±𝟏

when 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟒, ① ⇒ 𝒙𝟏 = −𝟐𝒚𝟏

𝒚𝟏 = (𝟒)𝟑 − 𝟔(𝟒)𝟐 + 𝟒 + 𝟑 when 𝒚𝟏 = −𝟏, 𝒙𝟏 = −𝟐(−𝟏) = 𝟐

𝒚𝟏 = 𝟔𝟒 − 𝟗𝟔 + 𝟕 when 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟏, 𝒙𝟏 = −𝟐(𝟏) = −𝟐
𝒚𝟏 = −𝟐𝟓 ∴ 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 (𝟐, −𝟏)𝒂𝒏𝒅 (−𝟐, 𝟏)
∴ 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 (𝟎, 𝟑)𝒂𝒏𝒅 (𝟒, −𝟐𝟓)

D.RAVI 9894081117 pg. 7

5. Find the tangent and normal to the 𝒅𝒚
= 𝟒𝒙𝟑 + 𝟐𝒆𝒙
𝒅𝒙
following curves at the given points on 𝒅𝒚
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = ( ) = 𝟒(𝟎)𝟑 + 𝟐𝒆𝟎
𝒅𝒙 (𝟎,𝟐)
the curve.
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝟐(𝟏) = 𝟐

(i) 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟒 𝒂𝒕 (𝟏, 𝟎) ∴ 𝒎 = 𝟐 and

(ii) 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐𝒆𝒙 𝒂𝒕 (𝟎, 𝟐) (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) = (𝟎, 𝟐)

𝝅 𝝅
(iii) 𝒚 = 𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝒂𝒕 ( 𝟐 , 𝟐 )
𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔
𝝅
(iv) 𝒙 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒕, 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒕 𝒂𝒕 𝒕 = 𝟑 𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝒚 − 𝟐 = 𝟐(𝒙 − 𝟎)
Sol:- 𝒚 − 𝟐 = 𝟐𝒙
𝟐 𝟒
(i) 𝒚 = 𝒙 − 𝒙 𝒂𝒕 (𝟏, 𝟎) 𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚 = −𝟐
𝟐 𝟒
Given : 𝒚 = 𝒙 − 𝒙
𝒅𝒚
= 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟒𝒙𝟑 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒔
𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒚 −𝟏
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = (𝒅𝒙) = 𝟐(𝟏) − 𝟒(𝟏)𝟑 𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = (𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝒎
𝟏,𝟎
−𝟏
=𝟐−𝟒 𝒚−𝒛= (𝒙 − 𝟎)
𝟐

∴ 𝒎 = −𝟐 and 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟒 = −𝒙
(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) = (𝟏, 𝟎) 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟒

𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝝅 𝝅
(iii) 𝒚 = 𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙 𝒂𝒕 ( 𝟐 , 𝟐 )
(𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 ) = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
Given 𝒚 = 𝒙 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒙
𝒚 − 𝟎 = −𝟐(𝒙 − 𝟏) 𝒅𝒚
= 𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙 . 𝟏 = 𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒙
𝒅𝒙
𝒚 = −𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐
𝒅𝒚 𝝅 𝝅 𝝅
𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟐 𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = (𝒅𝒙) 𝝅𝝅 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟐 + 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝟐
( , ) 𝟐
𝟐𝟐
𝝅
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝟐 (𝟎) + 𝟏 = 𝟏
𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒔
𝝅 𝝅
−𝟏 ∴ 𝒎 = 𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) = ( 𝟐 , 𝟐 )
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = (𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝒎
+𝟏
𝒚 − 𝟎 = +𝟐 (𝒙 − 𝟏)
𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔
𝟏
𝒚 = 𝟐 (𝒙 − 𝟏) 𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝝅 𝝅
𝟐𝒚 = 𝒙 − 𝟏 𝒚 − 𝟐 = (𝟏)(𝒙 − 𝟐 )
𝟏 = 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 𝝅
𝒚−𝟐 =𝒙−𝟐
𝝅

∴ 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏 𝝅 𝝅
𝟎=𝒙−𝒚−𝟐+𝟐

∴𝒙−𝒚=𝟎
(ii) 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐𝒆𝒙 𝒂𝒕 (𝟎, 𝟐)
Given = 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐𝒆𝒙
D.RAVI 9894081117 pg. 8
 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒔 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒔
−𝟏 −𝟏
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = (𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 ) 𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = (𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝒎 𝒎
𝝅 −𝟏 𝝅 𝟑 +𝟏 𝟏
𝒚−𝟐 = (𝒙 − 𝟐 ) 𝒚 − 𝟐 = +𝟐 (𝒙 − 𝟐)
𝟏
𝝅 𝝅 𝟏
𝒚 − 𝟐 = −𝟏 (𝒙 − 𝟐 ) 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟑 = 𝒙 − 𝟐
𝝅 𝝅 𝟏
𝒚 − 𝟐 = −𝒙 + 𝟐 − 𝟑 = 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚
𝟐
𝝅 𝝅 𝟏−𝟔
𝒙+𝒚= 𝟐+𝟐 = 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚
𝟐
𝟐𝝅
𝒙+𝒚= −𝟓 = 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟒𝒚
𝟐

𝒙+𝒚=𝝅 ∴ 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟒𝒚 = −𝟓

(iv) 𝒙 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒕, 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒕 𝒂𝒕 𝒕 =

𝝅 6. Find the equations of the tangents to the
𝟑
curve 𝒚 = 𝟏 + 𝒙𝟑 for which the
Given 𝒙 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒕, 𝒚 = 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒕
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒚
tangent is orthogonal with the line
= −𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒅𝒕 = 𝟒𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕
𝒅𝒕 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐
𝒅𝒚
𝒅𝒕 𝟒𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝒅𝒙 = −𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕
𝒅𝒕
Sol:-
𝒅𝒚
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = (𝒅𝒙) 𝝅 = −𝟒𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 Let (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) 𝒃𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕
(𝒕= )
𝟑

𝝅 𝟏 Given = 𝒚 = 𝟏 + 𝒙𝟑
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = −𝟒 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝟑 = −𝟒𝟐 (𝟐)
𝒅𝒚
= 𝟑𝒙𝟐
∴ 𝒎 = −𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒚
(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 ) = (𝒄𝒐𝒔 , 𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 )
𝝅 𝝅 𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎𝟏 = (𝒅𝒙) = 𝟑𝒙𝟐𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅
(𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 )
𝟑 𝟑

𝟏 √𝟑
𝟐 Given = 𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐𝒚 = 𝟏𝟐
= (𝟐 , 𝟐 ( 𝟐 ) ) −𝟏
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐
𝟏 √𝟑
= (𝟐 , 𝟐 ( 𝟒 )) ∴ 𝒎𝟏 , 𝒎𝟐 = −𝟏
+𝟏
𝟏 𝟑
(𝟑𝒙𝟐𝟏 ) ( 𝟏𝟐 ) = +𝟏
∴ (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) = (𝟐 , 𝟐)
𝒙𝟐𝟏 = 𝟒 ⇒ 𝒙𝟏 = √𝟒 ⇒ 𝒙𝟏 = ±𝟐
(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) 𝒍𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒏 𝒚 = 𝟏 + 𝒙𝟑
𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔
𝒚𝟏 = 𝟏 + 𝒙𝟑𝟏
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝟑 𝟏
𝒚 − 𝟐 = −𝟐(𝒙 − 𝟐)
(i) when 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟐, 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟏 + (𝟐)𝟑
𝟑
𝒚 − 𝟐 = −𝟐𝒙 + 𝟏 =𝟏+𝟖
𝟑 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟗
𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟏 + 𝟐
𝟓 ∴ (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) = (𝟐, 𝟗)𝒂𝒏𝒅
𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 = 𝟐
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝟑(𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟏𝟐
𝟒𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟓
∴ 𝒎 = 𝟏𝟐
D.RAVI 9894081117 pg. 9
 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 ) Also Given 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟔
𝒚 − 𝟗 = 𝟏𝟐(𝒙 − 𝟐) −𝟏
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎𝟐 = 𝟐
𝒚 − 𝟗 = 𝟏𝟐𝒙 − 𝟐𝟒
∴ 𝒎𝟏 = 𝒎𝟐
𝟏𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟐𝟒 − 𝟗 −𝟐 −𝟏
(𝒙−𝟏)𝟐
= 𝟐
𝟏𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟓
(𝒙𝟏 − 𝟏)𝟐 = 𝟒

(ii) when 𝒙𝟏 = −𝟐, 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟏 + (−𝟐)𝟑 𝒙𝟏 − 𝟏 = √𝟒

=𝟏−𝟖 𝒙𝟏 − 𝟏 = ±𝟐

𝒚𝟏 = −𝟕 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟏 ± 𝟐

∴ (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) = ∴ 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟏 + 𝟐 = 𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅

(−𝟐, −𝟕)𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟏 − 𝟐 = −𝟏

𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝟑(−𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟑(𝟒) = 𝟏𝟐 ∴ 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟑 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟏 = −𝟏

𝒙+𝟏
∴ 𝒎 = 𝟏𝟐 (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) 𝒍𝒊𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒏 𝒚 =
𝒙−𝟏
𝒙+𝟏
𝒚𝟏 = 𝒙−𝟏
𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝟑+𝟏
when 𝒙𝟏 = 𝟑, 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟑−𝟏
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
𝟒𝟐
𝒚 + 𝟕 = 𝟏𝟐(𝒙 + 𝟐) = 𝟐
𝒚 + 𝟕 = 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟐𝟒 𝒚𝟏 = 𝟐
𝟏𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟕 − 𝟐𝟒 when 𝒙𝟏 = −𝟏, 𝒚𝟏 = −𝟏−𝟏 = 𝟐 = 𝟎
−𝟏+𝟏 𝟎

𝟏𝟐𝒙 − 𝒚 = 𝟏𝟕
𝒚𝟏 = 𝟎
∴ 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆 (𝟑, 𝟐)𝒂𝒏𝒅 (−𝟏, 𝟎)
7. Find the equations of the tangents to the
𝒙+𝟏
curve 𝒚 = 𝒙−𝟏 which are parallel to the −𝟏
(𝒊)𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝒂𝒏𝒅 (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) = (𝟑, 𝟐)
𝟐
line 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟔.
𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
Sol:- −𝟏
𝒚−𝟐= (𝒙 − 𝟑)
Let (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) 𝒃𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝟐

𝒙+𝟏 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟒 = −𝒙 + 𝟑
Given = 𝒚 = 𝒙−𝟏
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟒 + 𝟑
𝒅𝒚 (𝒙−𝟏).𝟏−(𝒙+𝟏).𝟏
= (𝒙−𝟏)𝟐 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = 𝟕
𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒚 𝒙−𝟏−𝒙−𝟏
= (𝒙−𝟏)𝟐
𝒅𝒙
−𝟏
𝒅𝒚 −𝟐 (𝒊𝒊)𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = 𝒂𝒏𝒅
= 𝟐
𝒅𝒙 (𝒙−𝟏)𝟐
(𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) = (−𝟏, 𝟎)
𝒅𝒚 −𝟐
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎𝟏 = (𝒅𝒙) =
(𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 ) (𝒙−𝟏)𝟐 𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )
D.RAVI 9894081117 pg. 10
 −𝟏 ∴ (𝟕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕)𝒙 − (𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕)𝒚
𝒚−𝟎= (𝒙 + 𝟏)
𝟐
= 𝟒𝟓 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕
𝟐𝒚 = −𝒙 − 𝟏
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = −𝟏
9. Find the angle between the rectangular
𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 = −𝟏
hyperbola 𝒙𝒚 = 𝟐 and the parabola
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒 𝒚 = 𝟎
8. Find the equation of tangent and normal
to the curve given by 𝒙 = 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕
𝒚 = 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝒕, 𝒕 ∈ ℝ at any point on the
Sol:-
curve.
Given 𝒙𝒚 = 𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟎
Sol:-
𝒙𝒚 = 𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟐 = −𝟒𝒚
Given = 𝒙 = 𝟕 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 and 𝒚 = 𝟐 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝟐 𝟐
𝒅𝒙 𝒅𝒚
𝒚 = 𝒙 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟐 = −𝟒 (𝒙)
= −𝟕 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒂𝒏𝒅 = 𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕
𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕 −𝟖
𝒅𝒚 𝒙𝟐 =
𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 𝒙
𝒅𝒕
𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = = −𝟕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕
𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒕
𝒙𝟑 = −𝟖

∴ 𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆 𝒎 = −𝟕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕
𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 𝒙𝟑 = (−𝟐)𝟑
𝒙 = −𝟐
𝟐 𝟐
𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆𝒏𝒕 𝒊𝒔 𝒚 = 𝒙 = −𝟐 = −𝟏

𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒎(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 ) ∴ 𝒚 = −𝟏
𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 ∴ 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
𝒚 − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 = (𝒙 − 𝟕𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕)
𝟕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕
𝒊𝒔 (−𝟐, −𝟏)
(𝟕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕)𝒚 − 𝟏𝟒𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒕 =
−(𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕)𝒙 + 𝟏𝟒𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕
(𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕)𝒙 + (𝟕 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕)𝒚 =
𝟏𝟒𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒕 + 𝟏𝟒𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕)
(𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕)𝒙 + (𝟕 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕)𝒚 =
𝟏𝟒(𝒔𝒊𝒏𝟐 𝒕 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕)
(𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕)𝒙 + (𝟕 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕)𝒚 = 𝟏𝟒
𝟐
𝒚=𝒙
𝒅𝒚 −𝟐
𝑬𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒂𝒍 𝒊𝒔 =
𝒅𝒙 𝒙𝟐
−𝟏
𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 = (𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 ) 𝒅𝒚 −𝟐 −𝟐𝟏
𝒎 𝒎𝟏 = (𝒅𝒙) = (−𝟐)𝟐 =
−𝟐,−𝟏 𝟒𝟐
+𝟏
𝒚 − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 (𝒙 − 𝟕𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕) −𝟏
+
𝟕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 ∴ 𝒎𝟏 = 𝟐
𝟕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕
𝒚 − 𝟐𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 = 𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 (𝒙 − 𝟕𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕) Also, 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟎
(𝟐 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕)𝒚 − 𝟒𝟗𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 𝟒𝒚 = −𝒙𝟐
𝒅𝒚
𝟒𝟗 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 − 𝟒 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕 𝟒𝟐 𝒅𝒙 = −𝟐𝒙
= (𝟕𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒕)𝒙 − (𝟐𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕)𝒚 𝒅𝒚 𝒙
= −𝟐
𝒅𝒙
D.RAVI 9894081117 pg. 11
 𝒅𝒚 −(−𝟐) 𝒙 −𝒄𝟐
𝒎𝟐 = (𝒅𝒙) = ∴ 𝒎𝟏 𝒎𝟐 = (𝒚𝟏 ) ( 𝒙𝟐 )
(−𝟐,−𝟏) 𝟐 𝟏 𝟏

𝒎𝟐 = 𝟏 −𝒄𝟐
= 𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏
𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒗𝒆𝒔 𝒊𝒔
−𝒄𝟐
𝒎𝟏 − 𝒎𝟐 = = −𝟏
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 = |𝟏+𝒎 | 𝒄𝟐
𝟏 𝒎𝟐
𝟏
∴ 𝒎𝟏 𝒎𝟐 = −𝟏
− −𝟏
𝟐
=| −𝟏 | ∴ 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒖𝒓𝒗𝒆𝒔 𝒄𝒖𝒕 𝒐𝒓𝒕𝒉𝒐𝒈𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒚
𝟏+( )(𝟏)
𝟐
−𝟑
𝟐
=| | 𝟏
𝟐

= | − 𝟑|
𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 = 𝟑
𝜽 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏−𝟏 (𝟑)

10. Show that the two curves 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 =

𝒓𝟐 and 𝒙𝒚 = 𝒄𝟐 where 𝒄, 𝒓 are
constants, cut orthogonally.
********** ALL THE BEST **********

Sol:-
Let (𝒙𝟏 , 𝒚𝟏 ) be the point of intersection
of the given curves.
∴ 𝒙𝟐𝟏 − 𝒚𝟐𝟏 = 𝒓𝟐 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟏 𝒚𝟏 = 𝒄𝟐
Now, 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒓𝟐
𝒅𝒚
𝟐𝒙 − 𝟐𝒚 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟎
𝒅𝒚
÷ 𝟐, 𝒙 − 𝒚 𝒅𝒙 = 𝟎
𝒅𝒚
𝒚 𝒅𝒙 = 𝒙
𝒅𝒚 𝒙
=𝒚
𝒅𝒙
𝒅𝒚 𝒙
∴ 𝒎𝟏 = (𝒅𝒙) = 𝒚𝟏
𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 𝟏

𝒙𝟏
∴ 𝒎𝟏 = 𝒚 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝒚 = 𝒄𝟐
𝟏

𝒄𝟐
𝒚= 𝒙
𝒅𝒚 −𝒄𝟐
=
𝒅𝒙 𝒙𝟐
𝒅𝒚 −𝒄𝟐
∴ 𝒎𝟐 = (𝒅𝒙) =
𝒙𝟏 ,𝒚𝟏 𝒙𝟐𝟏

−𝒄𝟐
∴ 𝒎𝟐 = 𝒙𝟐𝟏

D.RAVI 9894081117 pg. 12