(1) Describe the chemical tests that can be used to verify the cation and anion

in magnesium nitrate. [10 marks]

Per 08

To identify Mg 2+ ion
1. Magnesium nitrate solution is poured into a test tube
2. NaOH solution is added until excess
3. white precipitate insoluble in excess
and
4. test with NH3 solution
-same step and same result will obtained when test with NH 3 solution

NO3- ion
1. Magnesium nitrate solution is poured into a test tube
2. dilute sulfuric acid is added
3. followed by iron(II) sulphate solution
4.shake the test tube
5.concentrated sulphuric acid is added slowly/through the
wall of the test tube
6. brown ring formed.

(2) Describe how to conduct a chemical test to identify the presence of ions in
iron(II) sulphate . [4 marks]

[Test for iron(II) ion]

Add sodium hydroxide solution.
Green precipitate is formed.

[Test for sulphate ion]

Add barium chloride solution and dilute hydrochloric acid.

White precipitate is formed.

(3) Describe the chemical tests that can be used to verify the cation and anion in

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 lead(II) nitrate.
(Huraikan ujian-ujian kimia yang boleh digunakan untuk mengenal kation
dan anion dalam plumbum(II) nitrat.)
[8 marks]

1. Lead(II) nitrate is dissolved in water

(plumbum(II) nitrate dilarutkan dalam air)
2. The solution is poured into two test tubes
(larutan dituangkan ke dalam dua tabung uji)
3. In the first test tube, add a few drops of potassium iodide / HCl /any chloride
salt solution,
(ke dalam tabung uji pertama, dimasukkan larutan kalium iodida/HCl/sebarang
larutan garam klorida, )
4. Yellow/white precipitate formed. This confirms the presence of lead(II) ion/Pb2+
(mendakan kuning/putih terbentuk. Ini mengesahkan kehadiran ion plumbum)

5. In the second test tube, add dilute sulphuric acid

(dalam tabung uji kedua, masukkan asid sulfuric cair
6. followed by iron(II) sulphate solution, shake
diikuti dengan larutan ferum(II) sulfat, goncang)
7. A few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid is carefully poured into the solution
(beberapa titik asid sulfuric pekat dimasukkan perlahan-lahan)
8. A brown ring is formed , confirmed nitrate ions present
(cincin perang terbentuk, sah kehadiran ion nitrat)

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Substance Q
Bahan Q

+ Dilute sulphuric acid

Heated / dipanaskan
+ Asid sulfuric cair

Solid U + Gas R Solution V + Gas R

Pepejal U + gas R Larutan V + Gas R
Solid U is black
Pepejal U berwarna + metal M
hitam /+ logam M

+ Dilute nitric acid Solution W + solid X

/+ asid nitric cair

Solution Z
Larutan Z

The flow chart in the diagram shows a series of chemical changes of solid Q .

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 Carta alir dalam rajah ini menunjukkan siri perubahan kimia pepejal Q

(a) Draw a labelled diagram of the set-up of apparatus for the chemical reaction of
converting substance Q to solid U and gas R. In your diagram show how gas R is
tested.
Lukis susunan radas berlabel untuk penukaran bahan Q kepada pepejal U dan
gas R. Dalam rajah anda tunjukkan bagaimana gas R diuji. [4 marks]

(b) Solution Z and V are the products from reaction in flow chart.
Larutan Z dan V merupakan hasil tindak balas dalam carta alir.

(i) Name the possible metal cation in solution Z .

Namakan kation logam yang mungkin dalam larutan Z
[1 marks]
(ii) Describe the confirmatory test for a cation mention in b(i)
Terangkan ujian pengesahan bagi kation yang dinamakan di b(i).
[2 marks]

(a) - labelled diagram for heating of substance Q 2

- labelled diagram for testing of gas R 1

- lime water is labelled 1

Substance Q

Heat lime water

(b)(i) Copper(II) ion 1

(ii) -add ammonia solution and then in excess 1

-blue precipitate soluble in excess ammonia solution produces a dark blue
solution. 1

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 Salt X solid Metal oxide Brown gas Colourless gas
Pepejal garam X Oksida logam + Gas perang + Gas tanpa warna
∆

H 2O

Salt X solution A white precipitate soluble in excess NaOH.

Larutan garam X Mendakan putih larut dalam NaOH berlebihan.
NaOH solution
Larutan NaOH

Diagram / Rajah 8

5 Based on the information in diagram 8 : Identify three cations that are possible present in salt
X solution.Describe chemical test to verify the cations.

Berdasarkan maklumat dalam Rajah 8 .Kenalpasti tiga kation yang mungkin hadir dalam
larutan garam X.Huraikan ujian kimia untuk menentusahkan kation itu.
[6 marks]
Zn2+ , Pb2+ , Al3+ 1

Add ammonia solution into test tube containing salt X solution until excess 1

White precipitate dissolves in excess ammonia solution showing the

presence of Zn2+ ions 1

White precipitate insoluble in excess ammonia solution showing the

presence of Pb2+ and Al3+ ions. 1

Add potassium iodide solution into test tube containing salt X solution 1

Yellow precipitate formed showing the presence of Pb 2+ ions //

No change showing the presence of Al3+ ions. 1

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