LAB NO 5

MILLING MACHINE
Milling machines are machine tools that are used to produce one or more machined surfaces
accurately on a piece of material, the work piece; this is done by one or more rotary milling
cutters having single or multiple cutting edges

TYPES OF MILLING:
Depending on the direction of feeding of work piece, milling can be divided into two
categories, which are:

 UP MILLING:
When the work piece is fed against the direction of cutter the milling is known as up milling
.in this case the cutting force is minimum at first and maximum at last.

DISADVANTAGES OF UP MILLING:
The following are the disadvantages in up milling:
• Jerking effect is produced due to lifting up of cutter as more material comes in contact
with cutter gradually.
• Splashing of coolant occurs as the cutter moves in opposite direction

 Down milling:
In this case work piece is fed in the direction of cutter .cutting force is maximum at start and
minimum at the end.
 COMPONENTS OF MILLING MACHINE;
Basic components of milling machine:
In the lab there is a column and knee type milling machine. The basic components of milling

Base:
The base of milling machine is mounted on its upper and lower surfaces .it holds all other
parts of milling machine .on one side of it is column and on the other side guide way, which
helps movement in upward and down ward direction .The base also serves as a reservoir of
coolant used in different processes.

Column:
Column is the main supporting frame in vertical direction, .It has all driving mechanisms for
spindle and table feed .the front face of column also supports the knee. The top is used to
support the over arm that extends outward at the front of the machine.

Knee:
Knee slides up and down on the vertical ways of column face .This movement is adjusted by
an elevating screw mounted on the base which also supports the knee .the knee has the
driving mechanism for feed and different controls to operate it.

Saddle:
Saddle is on the top of the knee which slides on the guide ways set exactly to the column
face. Saddle can be moved horizontally to apply cross feed .This is done by a screw which is
present on knee and engages nut on the bottom of the saddle.
Table:
The table rests on the ways on the saddle and travels longitudinally. Table can also be moved
horizontally by lead screw which engages a nut on the saddle .in universal machines table
can be swiveled horizontally.

Overhanging arm:
The overhanging arm is present on the top of column which extends beyond the column face
and serves as a bearing support for the other end of the arbor.

Spindle:
The spindle is located on the upper part of the machine and receives power from the motor
through belts and pulleys, gears, clutches and transmit it the arbor.

Arbor:
Arbor is an extension of the spindle on which milling cutters are securely mounted and
rotated .the arbors are made with taper shanks for proper alignment with the machine.