EPIDEMIOLOGY

Study Main Research Sample Outcome Results Study Type Level of

Purpose Design Measures Evidence
Alaranta et al., Describe those Database Persons with no Epidemiologic 61% due to fall, 26% due Descriptive III
2000 admitted to analysis prior history of TBI parameters to motor vehicle crashes.
hospital with included in Injury occurred most
TBI Hospital Discharge frequently at home (33%)
Register, total of and in traffic (30%).
24,497 patients
Jager et al., 2000 Describe those Database 1,144,807 persons Presence of Annual estimate of TBI Descriptive III
seen in analysis seen in emergency TBI in ED, seen in ED: 444 per
emergency departments for epidemiologic 100,000 persons. Largest
department (ED) TBI, as found in parameters group seen was <5 years
with TBI the National old, followed closely by
Hospital >85 years old. Falls most
Ambulatory common etiology,
Medical Care followed by motor vehicle
Survey accidents.
Masson et al., Describe Database 497 severe TBI Epidemiologic 71.4% men, traffic Descriptive III
2001 etiology of injury analysis patients (max AIS- parameters accidents 48.3%, falls
among those head of 4 or 5) 41.8%. Decrease in
with severe TBI admitted to 19 number of traffic injuries,
hospitals increase in median age
from study done 10 years
prior.
Masson et al., Describe Population study 248 persons Epidemiologic MVC most common Descriptive III
2003 characteristics of admitted to an parameters cause (59%), falls: 30%.
consecutive ED emergency Mortality of 52%. In
admits in coma department in comparison with other
coma lasting >24 studies, falls and older
hours age more frequent.
Harrison-Felix et Compare those Database Admissions to 4 Epidemiologic Violence-related TBI Prognostic III
al., 1998 with violent and analysis TBI Model System parameters, patients are more likely to
non-violent TBI centers between employment be male, nonwhite, less
3/1989 and 9/1996 and social educated and unemployed
integration prior to injury. After 1
year, they have lower
social integration scores.
Burnett et al., Evaluation of Database 2,020 persons Epidemiologic Minorities with TBI were Correlational III
2003 outcomes and analysis enrolled in TBI parameters, more likely to be male, Prognostic
epidemiologic Model System length of stay single, less educated and
parameters, with centers (LOS) unemployed. Violence
a focus on those and pedestrian accidents
of minority were most common
background etiologies in the minority
group. Rehabilitation
LOS 3-4 days shorter in
minority sample.
Hanks et al., 2003 Determine Database 1,229 persons Disability 26% had sustained Descriptive III
outcomes and analysis enrolled in the TBI measures, violence-related TBI; Correlational
epidemiologic Model Systems community most common in African- Prognostic
factors database over a 10- integration American men, single and
associated with year period unemployed. Violence-
those who had related TBI had higher
sustained a levels of disability and
violent injury less community
reintegration. Trend to
fewer violence-related
TBI in the latter half of
the study period.
Gerhart et al., Evaluate those Population 2,771 persons Community Persons with violence- Correlational III
2003 with TBI who survey hospitalized with integration related TBI were more Prognostic
had a violent TBI in Colorado likely to be young, male
injury between 1/1996 and in a minority group.
and 6/1999 One year after injury,
reported more symptoms
of TBI and experienced
less community
integration.