CONTROLLING OF LIGHT BULB

USING IOT
[NODE MCU ESP 8266]

DONE BY:
TUSHAR .S
ABUBHAKR
 INTRODUCTION TO IOT:
The Internet of Things (Iot) is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital
machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability
to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction.

TO PUT INTO SIMPLE TERMS:

1. TRANSFERING OF DATA TO ANY DEVICE

2. ABILITY TO PROVIDE NETWORK.

The definition of the Internet of Things has evolved due to the convergence of multiple technologies,
real-time analytics, machine learning, commodity sensors, and embedded systems.[5] Traditional
fields of embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, control
systems, automation (including home and building automation), and others all contribute to enabling
the Internet of Things. In the consumer market, IoT technology is most synonymous with products
pertaining to the concept of the "smart home", covering devices and appliances (such as lighting
fixtures, thermostats, home security systems and cameras, and other home appliances) that support
one or more common ecosystems, and can be controlled via devices associated with that ecosystem,
such as smartphones and smart speakers.

IoT provides businesses and people better insight into and control over the 99 percent of
objects and environments that remain beyond the reach of the internet. And by doing so, IoT
allows businesses and people to be more connected to the world around them and to do more
meaningful, higher-level work.

Life is easier with IoT:

A question would arise in your mind that why we are concerned about IoT? Here is the answer
that why you should be concerned about IoT. Say for example you are on your way to a meeting,
your car could have access to your calendar and already know the best route to take.
If the traffic is heavy your car might send a text to the other party notifying them that you will be
late. What if your alarm clock wakes up you at 6 a.m. and then notifies your coffee maker to start
making coffee for you? Being able to turn the lights on in your house or heating before coming
home using your smartphone? Yes, all these things are possible because of IoT.
CONTENT:
1. INTRODUCTION TO IOT
2. COMPONENTS REQUIRED
3.FUNCTION OF EACH COMPONENT
4. GLIMPSES OF MY PROJECT
5. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
6. LEARNING OUTCOME
7. CONCLUSION
8. BIBLIOGRAPHY
COMPONENTS REQUIRED:

A.) NODE MCU ESP8266

B.) RELAY BOARD
C.) JUMPER WIRE
D.) BULB SOCKET
E.) BULB
F.) WIRES
G.) 3 PIN TOP
FUNCTION OF EACH COMPONENT:
A.)NODE MCU ESP8266:

NodeMCU is an open source LUA based firmware developed for ESP8266 wifi chip. By
exploring functionality with ESP8266 chip, NodeMCU firmware comes with ESP8266
Development board/kit i.e. NodeMCU Development board.

Since NodeMCU is open source platform, their hardware design is open for edit/modify/build.
NodeMCU Dev Kit/board consists of ESP8266 wifi enabled chip. The ESP8266 is a low-
cost Wi-Fi chip developed by Espressif Systems with TCP/IP protocol.

NodeMCU Dev Kit has Arduino like Analog (i.e. A0) and Digital (D0-D8) pins on its board.It
supports serial communication protocols i.e. UART, SPI, I2C etc. Using such serial protocols we
can connect it with serial devices like I2C enabled LCD display, Magnetometer HMC5883, MPU-
6050 Gyro meter + Accelerometer, RTC chips, GPS modules, touch screen displays, SD cards
etc.

Developer ESP8266 Opensource Community

Type Single-board microcontroller

Introductory price 350

Operating system XTOS

CPU ESP8266[1](LX106[2])

Memory 128kBytes
 Storage 4Mbytes

Power USB

PINS:
NodeMCU provides access to the GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) and a pin mapping table is
part of the API documentation.

I/O index ESP8266 pin

0 [*] GPIO16

1 GPIO5

2 GPIO4

3 GPIO0

4 GPIO2

5 GPIO14

6 GPIO12

7 GPIO13

8 GPIO15

9 GPIO3

10 GPIO1

11 GPIO9

12 GPIO10
B.) RELAY BOARD

A relay is an electromagnetic switch operated by a relatively small electric current that

can turn on or off a much larger electric current. The heart of a relay is an
electromagnet (a coil of wire that becomes a temporary magnet when electricity flows
through it). You can think of a relay as a kind of electric lever: switch it on with a tiny
current and it switches on ("leverages") another appliance using a much bigger current.
Why is that useful? As the name suggests, many sensors are incredibly sensitive pieces
of electronic equipment and produce only small electric currents. But often we need
them to drive bigger pieces of apparatus that use bigger currents. Relays bridge the
gap, making it possible for small currents to activate larger ones. That means relays can
work either as switches (turning things on and off) or as amplifiers (converting small
currents into larger ones).
HOW DOES IT WORK ?

When power flows through the first circuit (1), it activates the electromagnet
(brown), generating a magnetic field (blue) that attracts a contact (red) and
activates the second circuit (2). When the power is switched off, a spring pulls
the contact back up to its original position, switching the second circuit off again.

This is an example of a "normally open" (NO) relay: the contacts in the second
circuit are not connected by default, and switch on only when a current flows
through the magnet. Other relays are "normally closed" (NC; the contacts are
connected so a current flows through them by default) and switch off only when
the magnet is activated, pulling or pushing the contacts apart. Normally open
relays are the most common.

Here's another animation showing how a relay links two circuits together. It's
essentially the same thing drawn in a slightly different way. On the left side,
there's an input circuit powered by a switch or a sensor of some kind. When this
circuit is activated, it feeds current to an electromagnet that pulls a metal switch
closed and activates the second, output circuit (on the right side). The relatively
small current in the input circuit thus activates the larger current in the output
circuit:
 1. The input circuit (blue loop) is switched off and no current flows through it until
something (either a sensor or a switch closing) turns it on. The output circuit (red
loop) is also switched off.
2. When a small current flows in the input circuit, it activates the
electromagnet (shown here as a dark blue coil), which produces a magnetic field all
around it.
3. The energized electromagnet pulls the metal bar in the output circuit
toward it, closing the switch and allowing a much bigger current to flow through the
output circuit.
4. The output circuit operates a high-current appliance such as a lamp or
an electric motor.

C.)JUMPER WIRES:
A jump wire (also known as jumper wire, or jumper) is an electrical wire, or group of them
in a cable, with a connector or pin at each end (or sometimes without them – simply
"tinned"), which is normally used to interconnect the components of a breadboard or other
prototype or test circuit, internally or with other equipment or components, without
soldering.
Individual jump wires are fitted by inserting their "end connectors" into the slots provided in
a breadboard, the header connector of a circuit board, or a piece of test equipment.
 D.) BULB SOCKET:

A lightbulb socket, light socket, lamp socket or lampholder is a device which

mechanically supports and provides electrical connections for a compatible electric lamp.
Sockets allow lamps to be safely and conveniently replaced (re-lamping).

E.) 3 PIN TOP:

3 pin plugs are designed so that mains electricity can be supplied to electrical appliances
safely. A 3 pin plug consists of three pins (hence the name). Each pin must be correctly
connected to the three wires in the electrical cable. Each wire has its own specified colour
so as it can be easily identified.
5.GLIMPSES OF MY PROJECT: