Q1: IA/EIA-485 (formerly known as RS-485) is a digital communication standard with the

following traits:

(A) Single-ended voltage signalling, multidrop

(B) Frequency Shift Key (FSK) signalling, superimposed on analogue 4-20 mA
(C) Manchester encoding, multidrop
(D) Mark-and-space signalling, point-to-point
(E) Differential voltage signalling, multipoint

Answer:

Q2: A logic circuit that provides a HIGH output for both inputs HIGH or both inputs LOW is
a(n):

(A) Ex-NOR gate

(B) OR gate
(C) Ex-OR gate
(D) NAND gate

Answer:

Q3: A decoder converts ________.

(A) non-coded information into coded form

(B) coded information into non-coded form
(C) HIGHs to LOWs
(D) LOWs to HIGHs

Answer:

Q4: A DAC changes ________.

(A) an analogue signal into digital data

(B) digital data into an analogue signal
(C) digital data into an amplified signal
(D) none of the above

Answer:

Q5: Which of the following is not an analogue device?

(A) Thermocouple
(B) Current flow in a circuit
(C) Light switch
(D) Audio microphone

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Answer:

Q6: When the pointer of an analogue ohmmeter reads close to zero, the resistor being
measured is

(A) overheated
(B) shorted
(C) open
(D) reversed

Answer:

Q7: In a certain loaded transformer, the secondary voltage is one-fourth the primary voltage.
The secondary current is

(A) one-fourth the primary current

(B) four times the primary current
(C) equal to the primary current
(D) one-fourth the primary current and equal to the primary current

Answer:

Q8: The primary winding of a power transformer should always be

(A) open
(B) shorted
(C) switched
(D) fused

Answer:

Q9: In a three-phase system, the voltages are separated by

(A) 45°
(B) 90°
(C) 120°
(D) 180°

Answer:

Q10: In binary number system, first digit bit from right to left is termed as

(A) LSB
(B) MSB
(C) RSB
(D) YSB

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Answer:

Q11: Device which converts an input device state into a binary representation of ones
or zeros is termed as

(A) encoder
(B) decoder
(C) multiplexer
(D) data selector

Answer:

Q12: In SR flip-flop, input labelled 'S' stands for

(A) Systematic
(B) Static
(C) Set
(D) Stable

Answer:

Q13: Logic in which output depends not only on present value of inputs but also on input's
previous values is called

(A) combinational logic

(B) sequential logic
(C) systematic logic
(D) correctional logic

Answer:

Q14: Circuit which will take input at exactly time in which clock signal goes high to low is
known as

(A) positive edge triggered

(B) negative edge triggered
(C) neutral edge triggered
(D) dynamic edge triggered

Answer:

Q15: When power is switched OFF, it will lose its data, such type of memory is classified as

(A) volatile storage

(B) non-volatile storage

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(C) impact storage
(D) non-impact storage

Answer:

Q16: Transmission in which all bits are sent at the same time for each character is called

(A) parallel transmission

(B) wide transmission
(C) local transmission
(D) serial transmission

Answer:

Q17: Resistor which is known as heat sensitive resistor is

(A) thermistor
(B) rheostat
(C) capacitor
(D) resistor

Answer:

Q18: Electric power is related to

(A) current in component

(B) potential difference
(C) electrical resistance
(D) both A and B

Answer:

Q19: What is the largest integer number that a PLC counter function can reach if it uses a 16-
bit register?

(A) 32,768
(B) 65,535
(C) 65,536
(D) 65,537
(E) 32,767

Answer:

Q20: The Boolean representation of this PLC program is:

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(A) ABC + D
(B) C + (A + B)D
(C) C + D(A + B)
(D) ABC + BD
(E) C(AB + D)

Answer:

Q21: When a relay is Not energized:

a) There is an electrical path through the NO contacts
b) There is an electrical path through the NC contacts
c) Neither the NO or the NC contacts have an electrical path
d) Both the NO and the NC contacts have an electrical path

Ans: b

Q22: Current flows into the _________________.

a) Input terminal of a sinking DC input module
b) Input terminal of a sinking output field device
c) Output terminal of a sinking input field device
d) All of the above

Ans: d

Q23: In a current sinking DC input module _________.

a) The current flows out of the input field device
b) Requires that a AC sources be used with mechanical switches
c) The current flows out of the input module
d) Currents can flow in either direction at the input module

Ans: a

Q24: Ac output filed devices can interface to __________.

a) AC output modules
b) Relay output modules

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 c) Both a and b
d) Neither a or b

Ans: c

Q25: In an open loop control system

a) Output is independent of control input
b) Output is dependent on control input
c) Only system parameters have effect on the control output
d) None of the above

Ans: a

Q26: For inputs A and B we obtain an output from the upper AND gate of A . B from the OR
gate we obtain an output of A . B + C. from the lower AND gate we obtain an ouput Q of :

Represent the ladder diagram of the Q.

Ans:

Q27: A PLC has been programming to control the starting and stopping of a three-phase
electric motor. Shown here is a partial wiring diagram and offline PLC program display for
the system:

Real word I/O wiring and tag names

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PLC program

Identify the problem(s) in this PLC program, and modify it so that it will work as it should.

Answer:
The OL_switch instruction in the PLC program needs to be changed to NO (Normally-
Open). Since the real-world OL switch contact is supposed to be in the closed state when
everything is okay, and this means the third input channel should be energized when all is well,
a NO contact instruction is required so that the “1” bit state will maintain that instruction in the
“colored” state and permit the coil instruction to receive color (virtual power) to run the motor.

Q28: A PLC has been programming to control the starting and stopping of a three-phase
electric motor. Shown here is a partial wiring diagram and offline PLC program display for
the system:

Real word I/O wiring and tagnames

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PLC Program

Identify the problem(s) in this PLC program, and modify it so that it will work as it should.

Answer :
The PB_stop and OL_switch instructions in the second rung of the PLC program need to
be connected in parallel with each other rather than in series. Being NC real-world
switches and NC contact instructions, each one will “color” when the motor is supposed to stop
(i.e. the PB_stop instruction colors when anyone presses the Stop pushbutton, and the
OL_switch instruction colors when the motor overheats).

Right now, programming in series with each other, both conditions would have to take place
in order to stop the motor! To make the motor stop if either condition occurs, we need these
two instructions to be programmed in a logical “OR” fashion, and that necessitates a parallel
connection between the two contact instructions.

Q29: A PLC has been programming to control the starting and stopping of a three-phase
electric motor. The program is supposed to require that the operator press and hold the “Start”
pushbutton for at least three seconds before the motor starts and runs. Shown here is a partial
wiring diagram and offline PLC program display for the system:

Real word I/O wiring and tagnames

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PLC Program

Identify the problem(s) in this PLC program, and modify it so that it will work as it should.

Answer :
The way it’s programmed right now, the “Start” pushbutton does not need to be held for three
seconds – just pressing it momentarily is enough to start the motor. The motor, however, does
delay for three seconds before starting. In other words, there is a three-second time delay in
effect, but it’s not requiring the “Start” switch be continuously pressed for that long. All the
time delay is doing is delaying the start-up of the motor after the “Start” switch has been
momentarily pressed.

Here is a functional solution:

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Real word I/O wiring and tagnames

Q30: A engineer needs to write a PLC program to control a water pump driven by an electric
motor. This water pump will be manually started and stopped by pushbutton switches, and shut
down automatically by any one of several “permissive” switches. The operating statuses of
these switches are listed here:
 Start pushbutton (normally-open): open when unpressed, closed when pressed
 Stop pushbutton (normally-closed): closed when unpressed, open when pressed
 Low water level (normally-closed): closed when level is low, open when level is adequate
 Low oil pressure (normally-open): open when pressure is low, closed when pressure is
adequate
 High vibration (normally-closed): closed when still, open when vibrating
 Water leak detector (normally-open): open when dry, closed when wet (leak detected)

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The engineer’s first attempt is shown here, but it contains a serious error. Identify and correct
this error:

Answer:
The Vib_high contact instruction should be drawn as normally-closed rather than
normally-open as shown in the engineer’s first draft of the PLC program. The program is
designed to shut down the motor if ever the Shutdown bit goes to a 1 state. This means the
motor will shut down if any of the permissive contact instructions become colored (i.e.
“conductive” to virtual power).

We have been told that the realworld vibration switch is NC, which means its contact opens
when vibration is excessive. This means high vibration causes that bit to be 0, which
necessitates an NC contact instruction so that it will color under that condition.

Q31: A engineer needs to write a PLC program to control a water pump driven by an electric
motor. This water pump will be manually started and stopped by pushbutton switches, and shut
down automatically by any one of several “permissive” switches. The operating statuses of
these switches are listed here:
 Start pushbutton (normally-open): open when unpressed, closed when pressed
 Stop pushbutton (normally-closed): closed when unpressed, open when pressed
 Low water level (normally-closed): closed when level is low, open when level is adequate

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  Low oil pressure (normally-open): open when pressure is low, closed when pressure is
adequate
 High vibration (normally-closed): closed when still, open when vibrating
 Water leak detector (normally-open): open when dry, closed when wet (leak detected)
The engineers’s first attempt is shown here, but it contains a serious error. Identify and correct
this error:

Answer:
The Oil_press_low contact instruction should be drawn as normally-open rather than
normally-closed as shown in the engineer’s first draft of the PLC program. The program
is designed to shut down the motor if ever the Shutdown bit goes to a 0 state. This means the
motor will shut down if any of the permissive contact instructions become uncolored (i.e. fails
to “conduct” virtual power).

We have been told that the real-world oil pressure switch is NO, which means its contact opens
when oil pressure becomes too low. This means a low oil pressure condition causes that bit to
be 0, which necessitates an NO contact instruction so that it will un-color under that condition.

Q32: A engineer needs to write a PLC program to control a water pump driven by an electric
motor. This water pump will be manually started and stopped by pushbutton switches,
and shutdown automatically by any one of several “permissive” switches.
The operating statuses of these switches are listed here:

 Start pushbutton (normally-open): open when unpressed, closed when pressed

 Stop pushbutton (normally-open): open when unpressed, closed when pressed
 Low water level (normally-closed): closed when level is low, open when level is adequate
 Low oil pressure (normally-open): open when pressure is low, closed when pressure is
adequate
 High vibration (normally-closed): closed when still, open when vibrating
 Water leak detector (normally-open): open when dry, closed when wet (leak detected)

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PLC Permissive Motor Control

The engineer’s first attempt is shown here, but it contains a serious error. Identify and correct
this error:

Answer :

The Stop_PB contact instruction should be drawn as normally-closed rather

than normally-open as shown in the engineer’s first draft of the PLC program.
The program is designed to shut down the motor when that pushbutton is pressed (i.e. the
Stop_PB contact instruction becomes uncoloured (i.e. fails to “conduct” virtual power).

We have been told that the real-world Stop pushbutton switch is NO, which means its contact
closes when pressed.
This means pressing the Stop pushbutton causes that bit to be 1, which necessitates an NC
contact instruction so that it will un-color under that condition.

Q33: A engineer needs to write a program for an Allen-Bradley CompactLogix PLC to control
a pressure relieving solenoid valve in a gas processing system.
A pair of high-pressure control switches signals the PLC when to open the solenoid valve: one
telling the PLC to open the valve after a 3-second time delay and the other (called the “high-
high” switch, with a higher trip setting) telling the PLC to open the valve immediately.
A pushbutton switch serves as a manual override to open the solenoid valve immediately when
pressed. In all cases, the solenoid vent valve will remain open (energized) until pressure falls
below the setting of a low-pressure gas switch.
The operating statuses of these switches are listed here:

 Override pushbutton (normally-open): open when unpressed, closed when pressed

 Low gas pressure (normally-closed): closed when pressure is less than 10 PSI, open when
pressure exceeds 10 PSI
 High gas pressure (normally-closed): closed when pressure is less than 30 PSI, open when
pressure exceeds 30 PSI

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  High-high gas pressure (normally-open): open when pressure is less than 40 PSI, closed
when pressure exceeds 40 PSI
Allen Bradley PLC Logic

The engineer’s first attempt is shown here, but it contains a serious error. Identify and correct
this error:

Answer :

The High pressure contact instruction should be drawn as normally-closed rather

than normally-open as shown in the engineer’s first draft of the PLC program. This
particular switch signals a high-pressure condition by opening its contacts, since the real-world
switch is normally-closed (NC).
We want the 3-second timer to begin timing when this switch senses a high pressure, and so
we need the contact instruction to color when the real-world high-pressure switch trips (opens).
A PLC contact instruction that colors when it senses a “0” bit condition is a normally-
closed (NC) instruction.

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