FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY

INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (CHEMICAL ENGINEERING)

PTT 205: HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER

SEM 2 (2014/2015)

Tutorial 1
QUESTION 1

By using Fourier’s law, derive an expression for the thermal resistance through a hollow
spherical shell of inside radius ri and outside radius ro having a thermal conductivity K.

QUESTION 2

Temperature distribution in a hollow sphere. Derive the equation for the steady-state
conduction of heat in a hollow sphere. Also derive an equation which shows that the
temperature varies hyperbolically with the radius r.
Answer: T  T1 r2  r1 
 1  
T2  T1 (r2  r1 ) r
QUESTION 3

Find the heat transfer per unit area through the composite wall. Assume one dimensional
heat flow.

QUESTION 4

A house wall may be approximated as two 1.2 cm layers of fiber insulating board, an 8.0
cm layer of loosely packed asbestos and a 10 cm layer of common brick. Assuming
convection heat transfer coefficients of 12 W/m2.°C on both sides of the wall, calculate
the overall heat transfer coefficient for this arrangement.

QUESTION 5

A food cold storage room is to be constructed of an inner layer of 19.1 mm of pine wood,
a middle layer of cork board, and an outer layer of 50.8 mm of concrete. The inside was
surface temperature is 78.8 °C and the outside surface temperature is 29.4 °C at the outer
concrete surface. The mean conductivities are for pine, cork, and concrete; 0.151, 0.0433
and 0.762 W/m.K. The total inside surface area of the room to use in the calculation is
approximately 39 m2. What thickness of cork board is needed to keep the heat loss to 586
W?
QUESTION 6
A wall of a furnace 0.244 m thick is constructed of material having a thermal
conductivity of 1.3 W/m.K. The wall will be insulated on the outside with material
having an average k = 0.346 W/m.K, so that the heat loss from the furnace will be equal
to or less than 1830 W/m2. The inner surface temperature is 1588K and the outer 299 K.
Calculate the thickness of insulation required.

QUESTION 7

A current of 250 A is passing through a stainless steel wire having a diameter of 5.08 mm.
The wire is 2.44 m long and has a resistance of 0.0843 Ohm. The outer surface is held
constant at 427.6 K. The thermal conductivity is k = 22.5 W/m.K. Calculate the center-
line temperature To at steady state.

QUESTION 8

A rectangular furnace with inside dimensions of 1×1×2 m has a wall thickness of 0.2 m.
The k of the walls is 0.95 W/m.K. The inside of the furnace is held at 800 K and the
outside at 350 K. Calculate the total heat loss from the furnace.

QUESTION 9

A water pipe whose wall temperature is 300 K has a diameter of 150 mm and a length of
10 m. It is buried horizontally in the ground at a depth of 0.4 m measured to the center
line of the pipe. The ground surface temperature is 280 K and k = 0.85 W/m.K. Calculate
the heat loss from the pipe.

QUESTION 10

A furnace of 70 by 60 by 90 cm inside dimensions is constructed of a material having a

thermal conductivity of 0.5 Btu/h.ft.F. The wall thickness is 6 inches. The inner and outer
surface temperatures are 500 and 100 °F, respectively. Calculate the heat loss through the
furnace wall.

Ans: 6262 W

QUESTION 11

A steel ball (c = 0.46 KJ/kg.°C, k = 35 W/m.°C) 5.0 cm in diameter and intially at a

uniform temperature of 450 °C is suddenly placed in a controlled environment in which
the temperature is maintained at 100 °C. The convection heat transfer coefficient is 10
W/m2.°C. Calculate the time required for the ball to attain a temperature of 150 °C.

Ans: t =5819 s = 1.62 h