Realism in Philosophy of Education

To Fulfill an Assignment of Philosophy of Islamic Education

Lecturer:
Dr. Ilman Nafi’a M. Ag.

By:
Aghitsnaa Maula Rachman
(1808103141/Class 3A)

State Institute for Islamic studies of Syekh Nurjati

Cirebon
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the problem

There are several schools in philosophy, such as idealism,

materialism and also realism. Unlike idealism that sees the real objects as
something in our mind and materialism that sees things physically,
realism divide reality into 2 parts, there are physical and spiritual world.

B. Formulas of the problem

1. What does realism in education means?
2. What does the concept of realism in education?
3. What are the implication of realism in education?

C. Aims of the problem

1. To know the meaning of realism in education
2. To know the concept of realism in education
3. To know the implication of realism in education
 CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Meaning of Education and Realism

a.) Meaning of Education
According to Wikipedia, etymologically education comes
from Latin word “ēducātiō ” which means to bring up. While
terminologically, education means the process of facilitating
learning or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs and
habits.

b.) Meaning of Realism

According to Cambridge dictionary, realism is a way of
thinking and acting based on facts and what is possible instead of
hoping for things that are unlikely to happen. Etymologically,
realism comes from latin word ‘realis’ which means ‘real’ or
‘true’. Realism is one of philosophy school that sees the reality as
duality (physical and spiritual world). This school was embraced
by Aristotle. The difference between realism and idealism is
realism believe in real object while idealism is not. And the
difference between realism and materialism is realism still believe
in spiritual things, while materialism is not.

B. Kinds of Philosophy of Education Based on Realism

a.) Rational Realism
Rational realism is divided into 2 parts:
1. Classical realism
Classical realism believe that the existence of God is the
first cause of the reality of the universe. They believe that God
has made all the things in this world. The concept of rational
realism in education is children must be taught about moral
because the good and bad things are all for humanity. Classical
realism also believe that experience is an important factor in
education.

2. Religious Realism
Religious realism believe that the truth are viewed as
natural and supernatural. This concept believe that education is
a process that can make people become a better person in order
to achieve the eternal truth.
 b.) Natural Realism
Natural realism believe that the real knowledge is the
things that we can get through empirical experience (by way of
observation, research, etc). this concept also believe that
experience is the real factor in knowledge as a source of human
knowledge. So education in natural realism point of view must be
scientific and the object of reality is nature.
c.) Critical Realism
According to Immanuel Kant, knowledge comes from
experience, but not all knowledge comes from experience (it can
be from books also, and other factors). According to Breed, critical
realism must be in harmony with democratic principles. Which
means, education must be a guide to social and individual
guidance.

According to Henderson, as the conclusion of all this, he agree

that:
a. The focus of educational process is to human become a better
person.
b. As human, we must advance the justice and also the general
welfare.
c. The ultimate goal of education is to solve the educational
problem.

C. The Implication of Realism in Education

There are 5 implication of realism in education (Power, 1982):
a. Purpose
To make people to have life adjustment and social responsibility.
b. Curriculum
Curriculum that consist of all the knowledge that includes general
knowledge and practical knowledge.
c. Method
The method must be logic and psychologist, it depends on the
experience.
d. Students
The role of the students is to master the knowledge.
e. Teacher
The role of the teacher is to master the knowledge and also have
skills in teaching technique.
 CHAPTER III
CONCLUSION

Realism is a way of thinking and acting based on facts and

what is possible instead of hoping for things that are unlikely to
happen. Realism in philosophy of education means a school of
philosophy that sees the reality as duality (by physical and spiritual
side). The implication of realism in education are the purpose,
curriculum, method, students and the teacher.

REFERENCES
Dahlan, Ahmad. (2014). Aliran Filsafat Pendidikan: Realisme.
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Etymological Meaning of Education. (n.d). Retrieved from
http://www.studylecturenotes.com/
Muh. Yamin, La Ode. (2015). Aliran-Aliran Filsafat Pendidikan:
Idealisme, Realisme, Materialisme dan Pragmantisme.
Retrieved from
https://www.khasanahilmubinongko.blogspot.com/ on 20th
October 2019 at 09.00 pm
Mustaqim, Imam. (2011). Pendidikan Menurut Konsep Aliran
Realisme. Retrieved from
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m/ on 19th October at 8.07 pm