MYE 2018 CHEM S3A QP Final

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SECTION A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS [40 MARKS]
1 Copper(II) sulfate can be prepared by adding excess copper(II) carbonate to sulfuric acid. Why is
an excess of copper(II) carbonate added?
A to ensure all the copper(II) carbonate has reacted

B to ensure all the sulfuric acid has reacted
C to increase the rate of reaction
D to increase the yield of copper(II) sulfate
2 Silver chloride is a white solid which is insoluble in water.

Which statement describes how a sample of pure silver chloride can be made?
A Add aqueous silver nitrate to aqueous sodium chloride and then filter.
B Add aqueous silver nitrate to dilute hydrochloric acid, evaporate and then crystallise.
C Add silver carbonate to dilute hydrochloric acid, evaporate and then crystallise.
D Add silver to dilute hydrochloric acid, filter and then wash the residue.
3 A student prepared some salts by adding two chemicals together. Which of the following
produced a salt which could be collected as a residue by filtration?
A aqueous barium chloride and aqueous sulfuric acid

B aqueous potassium hydroxide and aqueous nitric acid
C solid copper(II) carbonate and aqueous hydrochloric acid
D aqueous calcium chloride and aqueous potassium nitrate
4 The diagram shows the reaction between zinc oxide and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Which terms describe the reaction and the solubility of the salt produced?
neutralisation soluble in water

A ✓ ✓
B ✓ ✗
C ✗ ✓
D ✗ ✗
5 A sample of zinc sulfate contains zinc powder as an impurity. Which of the following methods will
produce zinc sulfate crystals?
A Shake with water, filter and crystallise the filtrate.

B Shake with ethanol, filter and crystallise the filtrate.
C Shake with water, filter, wash the residue with water and dry it.
D Shake with ethanol, filter, wash the residue with ethanol and dry it.
S3A/CHEM/MYE/2018-19
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6 A student did two experiments to find how the solubility of salts A and B varied with temperature.
The results are shown on the graph below.
Which one of the following conclusions is correct?
A A is more soluble than B at all temperatures.

B B is more soluble than A below 40°C.
C A is less soluble than B above 40°C.
D The solubility of both salts increases with increasing temperature.
7 When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a white powder a gas is produced. The solution
remaining is tested separately with small volumes of both aqueous ammonia and aqueous
sodium hydroxide. A white precipitate is produced in both tests.
What is the white powder?
A aluminium oxide B calcium oxide

C copper(II) carbonate D zinc carbonate
8 Which reagent could be used to distinguish between dilute nitric acid and dilute hydrochloric acid?
A aqueous barium chloride B aqueous silver nitrate

C aqueous sodium hydroxide D copper(II) carbonate
9 In which pair do neither of the gases change the colour of damp blue litmus paper?
A ammonia and hydrogen B ammonia and hydrogen chloride

C carbon dioxide and chlorine D carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide
10 Which aqueous reagent liberates ammonia from ammonium nitrate on warming?
A calcium nitrate B potassium hydroxide

C sodium chloride D sulfuric acid
4
11 The total mass of the set-up shown in the diagram was measured before the experiment.
When the rubber bulb of the dropper is squeezed, the aqueous silver nitrate drops into the
aqueous sodium chloride and a white precipitate of silver chloride is formed.
What happens to the total mass of the set-up after the experiment?
A It increases due to the formation of the heavy precipitate.

B It remains the same because only a physical change has taken place.
C It decreases because heat is evolved.
D It remains the same because none of the products escapes from the bottle.
12 An aqueous solution of a compound X reacts with

• aqueous zinc chloride to form a white precipitate which dissolves when X is in excess,
• aluminium sulfate solution to form a white precipitate which is insoluble when X is in excess.
What is the identity of X?
A ammonia B barium chloride C silver nitrate D sodium hydroxide
13 A student was investigating the reaction between marble chips and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Which changes slow down the rate of reaction?
temperature of acid concentration of acid surface area of marble chips

A decrease decrease decrease
B decrease decrease increase
C increase decrease decrease
D increase increase increase
5
14 The mass of a beaker and its contents is plotted against time.

Which graph represents what happens when sodium carbonate reacts with an excess of dilute
hydrochloric acid in an open beaker?
15 Four statements about the effect of increasing temperature on a reaction are shown.
1 The activation energy becomes lower.
2 The particles move faster.
3 There are more collisions between reacting particles.
4 There are more collisions which have energy greater than the activation energy.
Which statements are correct?
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 3 and 4 C 2, 3 and 4 D 2 and 3 only
16 The rates of some chemical reactions can be measured by using the apparatus shown.
cotton wool
For which reaction is this apparatus suitable?
A MgCO3 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O

B Mg + ZnCl2 → MgCl2 + Zn
C MgCl2 + 2NaOH → Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
D MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O
17 A student adds 5.0 cm3 of 0.20 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid to an excess of zinc pieces. The
volume of hydrogen evolved is recorded at regular time intervals until no more gas is produced.
This is experiment P.
The experiment is repeated using 20.0 cm3 of 0.10 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid and an excess of
zinc powder. This is experiment Q.
Which one of the following is obtained?
A B C D
6
18 A student added 0.5 g of iron granules into an excess sulfuric acid. The volume of hydrogen
produced was recorded at intervals until no more gas was produced. This was experiment P.
The experiment was repeated with a different condition. This was experiment Q.
The graphs of the two experiments are shown on the grid below.
Which condition would produce the graph Q?
A 1.0 g of iron granules with an excess sulfuric acid

B 1.0 g of iron powder with an excess sulfuric acid
C 0.5 g of iron powder with an excess sulfuric acid
D 0.75 g of iron granules with an excess sulfuric acid
19 The reaction used to manufacture ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen is reversible.
An equilibrium can be established between ammonia, nitrogen and hydrogen.
Which statement describes the equilibrium?
A Both the forward reaction and the backward reaction have the same rate.
B The rate of the backward reaction is greater than the rate of the forward reaction.
C The rate of the forward reaction is greater than the rate of the backward reaction.
D The forward and backward reactions have both stopped.
20 The formation of sulfur trioxide from sulfur dioxide is a reversible reaction.

2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) The forward reaction is exothermic.
Which changes would increase the yield of SO3?

1 increasing the pressure
2 lowering the temperature
3 decreasing the concentration of oxygen
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 only D 2 and 3 only
21 Which statement about the conditions used in the Haber process is not correct?
A A high temperature is used because the forward reaction is exothermic.

B A high pressure is used because there are fewer moles of gas in the products than in the
reactants.
C An iron catalyst is used to increase the rate of the forward reaction.
D The unreacted hydrogen and nitrogen are recycled to increase the amount of ammonia
produced.
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22 Methanol is made by reacting carbon monoxide with hydrogen. The reaction is exothermic and
the equation for the reaction is shown.
CO(g) + 2H2(g) CH3OH(g)
Which changes in temperature and pressure increase the yield of methanol?
temperature pressure
A decrease decrease
B decrease increase
C increase decrease
D increase increase
23 The energy profile diagram shows the pathways for a reaction with and without a catalyst.
Which letter shows the activation energy for the catalysed reaction?
24 Which statement about fuels is correct?
A Heat energy can only be produced by burning fuels.

B Hydrogen is used as a fuel although it is difficult to store.
C Methane is a good fuel because it produces only water when burned.
D Uranium is burnt in air to produce energy.
25 Which statements about exothermic and endothermic reactions are correct?

1 During an exothermic reaction, heat is given out.
2 The temperature of the surrounding in an endothermic reaction increases.
3 Neutralisation reaction is an exothermic change.
A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only
26 The equation for the combustion of methane is shown.

CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
The energy change for the combustion of methane is –890 kJ / mol.

The bond energies are shown in the table.
bond bond energy in kJ/mol

C–H +410
O=O +496
H–O +460
What is the bond energy of the C=O bond?

A +49 kJ / mol B +841 kJ / mol C +1301 kJ / mol D +1335 kJ / mol
8
27 The diagram shows the reaction pathway for a given reaction without the use of a catalyst.
Which information correctly describes the effect of the catalyst on the activation energy and
enthalpy change for the reaction?
activation energy enthalpy change

A decrease decrease
B increase no change
C increase increase
D decrease no change
28 The energy profile diagram for the reaction between hydrogen and chlorine is shown.
What information about this reaction does the diagram show?
type of reaction sign of enthalpy change, ∆H

A endothermic negative
B endothermic positive
C exothermic negative
D exothermic positive
29 Copper metal transfers electrons to silver ions in a reaction.

What is the reducing agent in this reaction?
A copper ions B copper metal C silver ions D silver metal
30 Which equation represents a reduction reaction?
A Fe2+ + e– → Fe3+ B Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e–

C Fe3+ + e– → Fe2+ D Fe3+ → Fe2+ + e–
31 Which gas could be used to convert copper(II) oxide to copper?
A carbon dioxide B hydrogen C nitrogen D oxygen

9
32 Equations for reactions of iron and iron compounds are shown.

Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
2FeCl2 + Cl2 → 2FeCl3
FeSO4 + Mg → Fe + MgSO4
H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
How many of these are redox reactions?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
33 In the electrolysis of molten aluminium oxide for the extraction of aluminium, the following three
reactions take place.
1 Al3+ + 3e– → Al
2 2O2– → O2 + 4e–
3 C + O2 → CO2
Which reaction(s) is/are oxidation?
A 1 only B 3 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only
34 Which statement describes the conversion of magnesium atoms to magnesium ions?
A The change is reduction, because there has been a gain of electrons.

B The change is oxidation, because there has been a loss of electrons.
C The change is reduction, because there has been a loss of electrons.
D The change is oxidation, because there has been a gain of electrons.
35 The carbon cycle includes the processes combustion, photosynthesis and respiration.
Which row shows how each process changes the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
combustion photosynthesis respiration

A decreases decreases increases
B decreases increases decreases
C increases decreases increases
D increases increases decreases
36 Which chemical reaction decreases pollution in the air?
A S + O2 → SO2 B N2 + O2 → 2NO
C 2CH4 + 3O2 → 2CO + 4H2O D 2NO + 2CO → 2CO2 + N2
37 The gases coming from a car’s engine contain oxides of nitrogen.

How are these oxides formed?
A Nitrogen reacts with carbon dioxide.

B Nitrogen reacts with carbon monoxide.
C Nitrogen reacts with oxygen.
D Nitrogen reacts with petrol.
38 Carbon dioxide and methane are ‘greenhouse gases’ which contribute to global warming.
Which process does not increase global warming?
A burning fossil fuels

B decay of organic waste
C farming cattle for beef
D growing crops such as sugar cane
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39 A new planet has been discovered and its atmosphere has been analysed.
The table shows the composition of the atmosphere.
gas percentage by volume

carbon dioxide 4
nitrogen 72
oxygen 24
Which gases are present in the atmosphere of the planet in a higher percentage than they are in
the Earth’s atmosphere?
A carbon dioxide and oxygen

B carbon dioxide only
C nitrogen and oxygen
D carbon dioxide, nitrogen and oxygen
40 When coal and oil burn in power stations, sulfur dioxide gas is formed. Sulfur dioxide is removed
by absorbing it in a liquid sprayed down a tower.
What is liquid X?
A calcium hydroxide solution

B sodium chloride solution
C dilute hydrochloric acid
D water
11
SECTION B. STRUCTURED QUESTIONS [60 MARKS]
1 The chemical equation for the complete combustion of ethanol, C2H5OH, is shown.
C2H5OH + 3O2  2CO2 + 3H2O
The energy released when one mole of ethanol undergoes complete combustion is 1280 kJ.
Part of the energy profile diagram for this reaction is shown.
(a) Complete the energy profile diagram above to show

● the products of the reaction,
● the overall energy change of the reaction. [2]
(b) What does X represent?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(c) The chemical equation for the complete combustion of methanol, CH3OH, is shown.
2CH3OH + 3O2  2CO2 + 4H2O
The equation can be represented as shown.
Use the bond energies in the table to determine the energy change, ΔH, for the complete
combustion of one mole of methanol.
bond bond energy
in kJ/mol
C–H 410
C–O 360
O–H 460
O=O 500
C=O 805
● energy needed to break bonds
[1]
● energy released when bonds are formed
[1]
● energy change, ΔH, for the complete combustion of one mole of methanol
[1]
12
(d) Based on your answer in (c), is the combustion of methanol an endothermic or an exothermic
reaction? Explain in terms of energy involved in bond breaking and bond forming.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………[2]
(e) Put a tick (√) in each correct boxes to show whether each of the following changes is an
exothermic or an endothermic process.
changes exothermic endothermic
neutralisation of sodium hydroxide with sulfuric acid
condensation of water vapour
dissolving of ammonium chloride in water
[3]
[Total: 11]
2 (a) Hydrogen can be manufactured using a reversible reaction between methane, CH4, and
steam.
(i) At 900°C, in the presence of a nickel catalyst, the yield of hydrogen is 70%.
Calculate the volume of hydrogen produced from 100 cm3 of methane under these
conditions?
[1]
(ii) Under different conditions, different yields of hydrogen are obtained. If the pressure is
increased, the yield of hydrogen becomes less than 70%.
Explain why, in terms of the position of the equilibrium.
.............................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................... [2]
(iii) If the temperature is decreased, the yield of hydrogen decreases. What does this
information indicate about the reaction between methane and steam?
........................................................................................................................................... [1]
(b) Nitrogen in the air can be converted into ammonia by the Haber process. The chemical
equation for the reaction is shown.
(i) State the temperature, pressure and catalyst used in the Haber process.
temperature .........................................
pressure ..............................................
catalyst ………………………………….. [3]
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(ii) The ammonia produced in the Haber process can be oxidised to nitrogen(II) oxide at
900°C. The reaction is exothermic.
Balance the chemical equation for this reaction. [1]
(iii) Explain, in terms of oxidation states, why the conversion of ammonia to nitrogen(II) oxide
is an oxidation.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………[2]
(iv) Suggest a reason, other than cost, why a temperature greater than 900°C is not used.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]
(v) Nitrogen(II) oxide can be reacted with oxygen and water to produce nitric acid as the only
product.
Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………[2]
(vi) Describe how you would prepare a pure dry sample of copper(II) nitrate crystals in the
laboratory using dilute nitric acid and solid copper(II) carbonate.
 Include a series of key steps in your answer.
 Draw the labeled diagrams of the methods that you used.
 Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
Steps:
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………… [3]
Diagrams
[2]
Balanced chemical equation:
………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]
[Total: 20]
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3 A student used the apparatus shown below to investigate the rate of reaction of calcium
carbonate with dilute hydrochloric acid.
CaCO3 + 2HCl  CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
(a) Use the information in the equation to suggest why the mass of the flask and contents
decreases with time.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(b) The graph shows how the mass of the flask and its contents changes with time.
(i) At what time was the reaction just complete? …………………………………………. [1]
(ii) How long does it take for the mass of the flask and its content to be reduced by 0.2 g?
Show your working on the graph above.
……………………………………………………………………………………………….. [2]
(iii) The student repeated the experiment using hydrochloric acid with the concentration of
half the original value. In both experiments calcium carbonate was in excess and all
other conditions were kept the same.
On the graph above, draw a curve to show the results of this experiment. [2]
15
(c) Explain, in terms of collision theory, how the rate of this reaction change when
(i) the temperature is increased
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(ii) more concentrated acid is used
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
(d) Complete the following sentence by choosing the correct words from the list.
combustion expansion large rapid slow small
In flour mills there is often the risk of an explosion due to the rapid ……….. of the very ………
particles which have a very …………………..surface area to react. [3]

[Total: 11]
4 This question is about some compounds of nitrogen.

A mixture of ammonium sulfate and sodium hydroxide was warmed in a test-tube. The gas
produced was tested with moist red litmus paper.
(a) Name the gas released in the reaction.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(b) State the colour change of the litmus paper.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(c) Complete the word equation for the reaction of ammonium sulfate and sodium hydroxide.
ammonium sulfate + sodium hydroxide  ………………………………………………….. [1]
(d) When ammonium nitrate is heated nitrogen(I) oxide is given off. Nitrogen(I) oxide relights a
glowing splint. Name one other gas which relights a glowing splint.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
[Total: 4]
16
5 (a) Match up the atmospheric pollutants on the left with their main source on the right.
The first one has been done for you.
[3]
(b) (i) Describe how chlorofluorocarbon causes the depletion of ozone layer.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
(ii) Explain why the depletion of the ozone layer is harmful to humans.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
(c) (i) What is the effect of nitrogen oxides to the environment?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………[1]
(ii) Explain how a catalytic converters help to remove nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in
exhaust gases.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………… [2]
[Total: 9]
17
6 Two solids, E and F, which are both salts, were analysed. Solid F was calcium chloride.
Tests were carried out on each solid.
Some of the tests and observations are shown.
tests on solid E
test 1 observations
A flame test was carried out on solid E. yellow colour
Solid E was added to distilled water in a boiling tube and the boiling tube was shaken to dissolve
solid E.
The solution was divided into two equal portions in two test-tubes and the following tests carried
out.
test 2 observations
Dilute hydrochloric acid was added to the first portion of the filter paper turned from purple
solution. The gas given off was tested with filter paper dipped to colourless
into acidified aqueous potassium manganate(VII).
test 3 observations
An excess of aqueous sodium hydroxide was added to the
second portion of the solution. no change
(a) Name the gas given off in test 2.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
(b) Identify solid E.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
Solid F was added to distilled water in a boiling tube and the boiling tube was shaken to dissolve
solid F.
The solution was divided into two equal portions in two test-tubes and the following tests carried
out.
tests on solid F
(c) Complete the observations.
test 4 observations
Few drops of aqueous sodium hydroxide was added to the
solution. Then excess sodium hydroxide was added. …….……………………………
………………………………… [2]
test 5 observations
Dilute nitric acid and aqueous silver nitrate were added to the
solution. ……………………………… [1]
[Total: 5]
18

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2

SECTION A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS [40 MARKS]

A to ensure all the copper(II) carbonate has reacted

2 Silver chloride is a white solid which is insoluble in water.

A aqueous barium chloride and aqueous sulfuric acid

neutralisation soluble in water

A Shake with water, filter and crystallise the filtrate.

Which one of the following conclusions is correct?

A A is more soluble than B at all temperatures.

A aluminium oxide B calcium oxide

A aqueous barium chloride B aqueous silver nitrate

A ammonia and hydrogen B ammonia and hydrogen chloride

10 Which aqueous reagent liberates ammonia from ammonium nitrate on warming?

A calcium nitrate B potassium hydroxide

A It increases due to the formation of the heavy precipitate.

12 An aqueous solution of a compound X reacts with

What is the identity of X?

A ammonia B barium chloride C silver nitrate D sodium hydroxide

Which changes slow down the rate of reaction?

temperature of acid concentration of acid surface area of marble chips

14 The mass of a beaker and its contents is plotted against time.

Which statements are correct?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 3 and 4 C 2, 3 and 4 D 2 and 3 only

For which reaction is this apparatus suitable?

A MgCO3 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + CO2 + H2O

Which condition would produce the graph Q?

A 1.0 g of iron granules with an excess sulfuric acid

20 The formation of sulfur trioxide from sulfur dioxide is a reversible reaction.

Which changes would increase the yield of SO3?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 only D 2 and 3 only

A A high temperature is used because the forward reaction is exothermic.

Which changes in temperature and pressure increase the yield of methanol?

24 Which statement about fuels is correct?

A Heat energy can only be produced by burning fuels.

25 Which statements about exothermic and endothermic reactions are correct?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

26 The equation for the combustion of methane is shown.

The energy change for the combustion of methane is –890 kJ / mol.

bond bond energy in kJ/mol

What is the bond energy of the C=O bond?

activation energy enthalpy change

What information about this reaction does the diagram show?

type of reaction sign of enthalpy change, ∆H

29 Copper metal transfers electrons to silver ions in a reaction.

A copper ions B copper metal C silver ions D silver metal

30 Which equation represents a reduction reaction?

A Fe2+ + e– → Fe3+ B Fe2+ → Fe3+ + e–

31 Which gas could be used to convert copper(II) oxide to copper?

A carbon dioxide B hydrogen C nitrogen D oxygen

32 Equations for reactions of iron and iron compounds are shown.

How many of these are redox reactions?

Which reaction(s) is/are oxidation?

A 1 only B 3 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

34 Which statement describes the conversion of magnesium atoms to magnesium ions?

A The change is reduction, because there has been a gain of electrons.

combustion photosynthesis respiration

36 Which chemical reaction decreases pollution in the air?

37 The gases coming from a car’s engine contain oxides of nitrogen.

A Nitrogen reacts with carbon dioxide.

A burning fossil fuels

The table shows the composition of the atmosphere.

gas percentage by volume