Lab Report

Lab #03

Optical Communication System

Objective:
The objective of this lab is to use different visualizers in both electrical and optical domain to see
the results of optical fiber communication system.

Tasks:
Task # 1:
Make simple optical communication system by using basic components.
 First of all open OptiSystem, start new project.
 Then go to components library and select CW Laser at transmitter side.
 Then drag Pseudorandom bit sequence generator and NRZ Pulse Generator to convert the
pulses into electrical signal.
 Then join them to Mach-Zehndar modulator to shift the signal to higher frequency.Then
use Optical fiber cable to connect the Photodetector pin.
 Now connect the low pass filter to remove all type of noises.
 Finally at the receiver side connect eye diagram analyzer.
 Connect its first port to pseudorandom bit sequence generator, second port to NRZ Pulse
Generator and third to low pass filter to generate output.

Task #2 :
Show output of signal at different analyzers.

 Place Optical spectrum analyzer, Optical power meter at the end of optical
fiber as the both are optical analyzer.
 Place Optical time domain visualize at the end of optical fiber.
 Finally place RF spectrum analyzer at the end of low pass filter as it is an
electrical component. Analyze the results.

 At Optical Spectrum Analyzer:

At input of optical fiber maximum power is -7.34dbm.
At output of optical fiber maximum power is -13.1736dbm. So power is lost.

This graph shows the relation between Wavelengths and power. Power increases
with increase in wavelength. For 1.552m the power is maximum and then it
decreases gradually.
  For Optical Power Meter:
Optical power meter shows the power at different points. Power at input of optical
fiber.

Power at output of optical fiber is decreased.

 For Optical Time Domain Visualizer:

This shows the graph of time with power. Power is decreasing at output.

 For RF spectrum analyzer:

The RF spectrum shows the graph of frequency with amplitude. By placing it at the
end of pulse generator the amplitude decreases with the increase in frequency.

Then we place it at the end of photodetector. The amplitude is highest at 0 and it

decreases with the increase in frequency.
Finally we place it at the end of low pass filter and the amplitude is highest at 0.

Task # 03:
Observe output at the different wavelengths.
 At 1310nm:
The eye is open so less distortion. Q factor is 9.63208

 At 1400nm:
The eye is open so less distortion. Q factor is 152.674.
  At 1550nm:

Q factor is highest for this case i.e 153.984 and the eye is open so best case.

Task # 04:
Find relationship between power drop and length of fiber.

 10km:
Maximum power is -9.44dbm.
Power in this case is 0.0009804W and its peak value is less than 1. Hence power is
decreased after passing through optical fiber.

 50km:
Maximum power is -17.84dbm.
  100km:
Maximum power is -28.31dbm.
Power in this case is 2.1751e-005 W.

 200km:
Maximum power is -49.34dbm. So power decreases with increase in length.
Power in this case is 2.4998e-007 W.
The power drop is minimum at 10km. And it increases with the increase in the
length of optical fiber. For 200km the power drop is maximum.
Task # 05:
Observe spreading of pulses in time domain.
By placing OTDV at the end of modulator we get the graph of time with
amplitude. The amplitude is maximum value=0.001049W and
minimum=-4.995e-005W.