10/27/2019 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture And Applications

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Wireless Sensor Network Architecture and Its

Applications
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Currently, WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is the most standard services employed in commercial and industrial applications,
because of its technical development in a processor, communication, and low-power usage of embedded computing devices.
The WSN is built with nodes that are used to observe the surroundings like temperature, humidity, pressure, position, vibration,
sound etc. These nodes can be used in various real-time applications to perform various tasks like smart detecting, a discovery
of neighbor node, data processing and storage, data collection, target tracking, monitor and controlling, synchronization, node SEARCH
localization, and e ective routing between the base station and nodes.

Presently, WSNs are beginning to be organized in an enhanced step. It is not awkward to expect that in 10 to 15 years that the
world will be protected with WSNs with entree to them via the Internet. This can be measured as the Internet becoming a
physical n/w. This technology is thrilling with infinite potential for many application areas like medical, environmental, SPONSORED SEARCHES

transportation, military, entertainment, homeland defense, crisis management and also smart spaces. applications of wireless sensor

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Principle and Applications
What is a Wireless Sensor Network?
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A Wireless Sensor Network is one kind of wireless network includes a large number of circulating, self-directed, minute, low
Applications
powered devices named sensor nodes called motes. These networks certainly cover a huge number of spatially distributed,
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little, battery-operated, embedded devices that are networked to caringly collect, process, and transfer data to the operators,
Applications
and it has controlled the capabilities of computing & processing. Nodes are the tiny computers, which work jointly to form the
networks.

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10/27/2019 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture And Applications
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Wireless Sensor Network

The sensor node is a multi-functional, energy e icient wireless device. The applications of motes in industrial are widespread. A
collection of sensor nodes collects the data from the surroundings to achieve specific application objectives. The
communication between motes can be done with each other using transceivers. In a wireless sensor network, the number of
motes can be in the order of hundreds/ even thousands. In contrast with sensor n/ws, Ad Hoc networks will have fewer nodes
without any structure.

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Wireless Sensor Network Architecture

The most common WSN architecture follows the OSI architecture Model. The architecture of the WSN includes five layers and
three cross layers. Mostly in sensor n/w we require five layers, namely application, transport, n/w, data link & physical layer. The MOST READ POSTS
three cross planes are namely power management, mobility management, and task management. These layers of the WSN are
Half Adder and Full Adder with T
used to accomplish the n/w and make the sensors work together in order to raise the complete e iciency of the network.Please Table
follow the below link for: Types of wireless sensor networks and WSN topologies
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Wireless Sensor Network Architecture

Application Layer
The application layer is liable for tra ic management and o ers so ware for numerous applications that convert the data in a
clear form to find positive information. Sensor networks arranged in numerous applications in di erent fields such as

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10/27/2019 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture And Applications

agricultural, military, environment, medical, etc.

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Sensor Architecture

Transport Layer
The function of the transport layer is to deliver congestion avoidance and reliability where a lot of protocols intended to o er
this function are either practical on the upstream. These protocols use dissimilar mechanisms for loss recognition and loss
recovery. The transport layer is exactly needed when a system is planned to contact other networks.

Providing a reliable loss recovery is more energy e icient and that is one of the main reasons why TCP is not fit for WSN. In
general, Transport layers can be separated into Packet driven, Event driven. There are some popular protocols in the transport
layer namely STCP (Sensor Transmission Control Protocol), PORT (Price-Oriented Reliable Transport Protocol and PSFQ (pump
slow fetch quick).

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Network Layer
The main function of the network layer is routing, it has a lot of tasks based on the application, but actually, the main tasks are
in the power conserving, partial memory, bu ers, and sensor don’t have a universal ID and have to be self-organized.

The simple idea of the routing protocol is to explain a reliable lane and redundant lanes, according to a convinced scale called
metric, which varies from protocol to protocol. There are a lot of existing protocols for this network layer, they can be separate
into; flat routing and hierarchal routing or can be separated into time driven, query-driven & event driven.

Data Link Layer

The data link layer is liable for multiplexing data frame detection, data streams, MAC, & error control, confirm the reliability of
point–point (or) point– multipoint.

Physical Layer
The physical layer provides an edge for transferring a stream of bits above physical medium. This layer is responsible for the
selection of frequency, generation of a  carrier frequency, signal detection, Modulation & data encryption. IEEE 802.15.4 is
suggested as typical for low rate particular areas & wireless sensor network with low cost, power consumption, density,
the  range of communication to improve the battery life. CSMA/CA is used to support star & peer to peer topology. There are
several versions of IEEE 802.15.4.V.

Characteristics of Wireless Sensor Network

The characteristics of WSN include the following.

The consumption of Power limits for nodes with batteries

Capacity to handle with node failures
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10/27/2019 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture And Applications
Some mobility of nodes and Heterogeneity of nodes
Scalability to large scale of distribution
Capability to ensure strict environmental conditions
Simple to use
Cross-layer design

Advantages of Wireless Sensor Networks

The advantages of WSN include the following

Network arrangements can be carried out without immovable infrastructure.

Apt for the non-reachable places like mountains, over the sea, rural areas and deep forests.
Flexible if there is a casual situation when an additional workstation is required.
Execution pricing is inexpensive.
It avoids plenty of wiring.
It might provide accommodations for the new devices at any time.
It can be opened by using a centralized monitoring.

Wireless Sensor Network Applications

Wireless sensor networks may comprise of numerous di erent types of sensors like low sampling rate, seismic, magnetic,
thermal, visual, infrared, radar, and acoustic, which are clever to monitor a wide range of ambient situations. Sensor nodes are
used for constant sensing, event ID, event detection & local control of actuators. The applications of wireless sensor network
mainly include health, military, environmental, home, & other commercial areas.

WSN Application

Military Applications
Health Applications
Environmental Applications
Home Applications
Commercial Applications
Area monitoring
Health care monitoring
Environmental/Earth sensings
Air pollution monitoring
Forest fire detection
Landslide detection
Water quality monitoring
Industrial monitoring

Thus, this is all about what is a wireless sensor network, WSN architecture, characteristics, and applications. We hope that you
have hot a better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any queries or to know about wireless sensor network project
ideas, please give your valuable suggestions by commenting in the comment section below. Here is a question for you, what are
the di erent types of wireless sensor networks?

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10/27/2019 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture And Applications

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12 Comments

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10/27/2019 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture And Applications

Shadma Says: REPLY

at
This is really helpful for me thank you soo much

Tarun Agarwal Says: REPLY

at
Hi Shadma
We really appreciate you taking the time out to share your experience with us

Karly Grewe Says: REPLY

at
I’ve learn a few good stuff here. Definitely value bookmarking for revisiting. I surprise how a lot attempt you set to make one of
these wonderful informative web site.

Tarun Agarwal Says: REPLY

at
Hi Karley
I sincerely appreciate your kind response regarding my article
And once again please visit our International website https://www.elprocus.com

Basanta Adhikari Says: REPLY

at
good work, really useful, but can you please manage the setting of your site to show the published date of the articles

Tarun Agarwal Says: REPLY

at
Hi Basanta
Thank you so much for your feedback
And once again please visit our domestic website https://www.elprocus.com

Samant Kumar Says: REPLY

at
Easy to find in summery type wsn

Tarun Agarwal Says: REPLY

at
Hi samant kumar
Thank you so much for your feedback
And once again please visit our domestic website https://www.elprocus.com

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10/27/2019 Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) Architecture And Applications
Mufutau Opeyemi Says: REPLY
at
Please I Need An Already Done Final Year Project On (Development Of A Wireless Sensor Network Based Data Fusion For
Real Time Enviromental Parameters Monitoring) To Give Me Guideline On How To Write Project On This Project

Tarun Agarwal Says: REPLY

at
Hi Mufutau Opeyemi,
For more information on communication projects please check out the link.
For customization of projects please email us on team@elprocus.com

Rashmi Kale Says: REPLY

at
Hii sir i m Rashmi final year ece student i want to do project on security s/m using wireless comm can u plz help me in finding
better ideas….!!!

Tarun Agarwal Says: REPLY

at
Hi Rahmi Kale
As per your requirement we can suggest you the following links
https://www.elprocus.com/?s=communication+projects
For customization of projects please email us on team@elprocus.com

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