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A Circulator Coupled 8-Channel Ka-Band Input Multiplexer design of

Communication Satellites

Conference Paper · April 2019

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[FrP-33] 2018 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP 2018)
October 23~26, 2018 / Paradise Hotel Busan, Busan, Korea

A Circulator Coupled 8-Channel Ka-Band Input

Multiplexer design of Communication Satellites
Jong-hee (Martin) Park1, Eun-seok Choi1, Duck-ki Baek2, and Pil-yong Lee2
1
R&D Center, QNION Co., Ltd., Dae-jeon City, Republic of Korea
2
R&D Center, PILAS Co., Ltd, Yong-in City, Republic of Korea

Abstract - The Ka-band multiplexer is used for the No. Items

Freq. Band IL GD
communication payload system in geostationary and/or LEO (GHz) (dB) (nspp)
satellite payloads. This multiplexer consists of 5-pole inductive 3 Ch. Filter#1 19.00~19.10 < 2.5 < 8.0
Chebyshev typed input filter, Riblet short-slot typed waveguide 4 Ch. Filter#2 19.13~19.23 < 2.5 < 8.0
directional coupler, 8-pole TE113 Dual Mode cavity-elliptic 5 Ch. Filter#3 19.26~19.36 < 2.5 < 8.0
channelized filters and circulators & isolators. Waveguide 6 Ch. Filter#4 19.39~19.49 < 2.5 < 8.0
7 Ch. Filter#5 19.52~19.62 < 2.5 < 8.0
typed 3dB hybrid directional coupler can provide for the
8 Ch. Filter#6 19.65~19.75 < 2.5 < 8.0
minimization of interferences between adjacent channels and
9 Ch. Filter#7 19.78~19.88 < 2.5 < 8.0
separating signals with both even channels and odd channels 10 Ch. Filter#8 19.91~20.01 < 2.5 < 8.0
respectively. This architecture with dual mode cavity typed 11 WG Coupler 19~20.05 < 0.3 N/A
channelized filters also will provide for a compact size than 12 Circulator 19~20.05 < 0.3 N/A
single mode cavity typed one. This paper shows the measured 13 Isolator 19~20.05 < 0.5 N/A
results on an Engineering Model of Ka-band input multiplexer
used for communication satellite payload. Based on this result,
the design factors of space qualified model of input multiplexer
are induced.
Index Terms — IMUX, Ka-band, Circular Waveguide Dual-
Mode Filter (CWDM), Coupling Matching Stub, Satellite

1. Introduction
Manifold coupled IMUX has disadvantages; complex
design, time-consuming tuning is needed, expensive, not
amendable to change in frequency plan. However, Circulator
Coupled IMUX has much advantages of simple tuning,
minimum interaction between channel filters as well as Fig. 1. Block Diagram Circulator coupled Ka Band IMUX
amendable to modular concept in [4]. In the proposed Ka-
Band IMUX, CMS-RSC directional coupler [6] can provide (1) Waveguide to coaxial Adapter
for the low insertion loss as well as high isolation capability Design topology: type (waveguide to coaxial), physical
for the IMUX. structure (orthogonal pin-feed), WG Type (WR51).

2. Ka band Input Multiplexer design (2) Input Filter

Design topology: function (Chebyshev), physical structure
Ka Band Input Multiplexer is composed of as follows, (inductive iris), and poles (5ea), WG Type (WR51). To
Input Filter, Waveguide Directional Coupler [6], Circulators, obtain the margin with 8-Channel of 100 MHz Band Width,
Isolators, Channel Filters #1~ #8, and Waveguide to coaxial the frequency band for the input filter can cover from 18.8
Adapter, Base plate, and Brackets. IMUX design is based on GHz to 20.2 GHz.
the concept of Circulator Coupled IMUX in [3]. This
channel-dropping topology of IMUX is based on the (3) Channel Filters (No.1 ~ No.8)
connections between channelized filters and circulators, Design topology: (Ex. Ch. Filter #1): function (Elliptic [1]),
isolators. The circulators can provide for the function of physical structure (dual mode 4 cavities [2], 17.24mm (Ch.1
channel dropping and the isolators are located in between dia.), TE113), poles (8ea), WG Type (WR51), Circular
channel filters and output ports of IMUX respectively [4]. Waveguide Dual Mode (CWDM)). Considering of fine-
tuning for each channel filters, the center frequencies by
channel filter of EM Simulation (CST2015) are down shifted
TABLE I
around 20~30 MHz because the center frequency of the
Components Requirement of Ka band IMUX
Freq. Band IL GD manufactured filter are on up shifted around 20~30MHz than
No. Items
(GHz) (dB) (nspp) simulation result. The detailed parameters are shown in
1 Adapter 19~20.05 < 0.3 N/A TABLE II.
2 Input Filter 19~20.05 < 0.3 < 1.0

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 2018 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP 2018)
October 23~26, 2018 / Paradise Hotel Busan, Busan, Korea

TABLE II
Cavity Diameter by each Channel Filter
Design Parameters of Channel Filters
Ch. (Qu (11,000 ~11,500 [5])
No. Center Freq. Cavity Dia. Cavity 1&4. Cavity 2&3
[GHz] [mm] Length [mm] Length [mm]
1 19.05 17.24 27.46 27.79
2 19.18 17.12 27.28 27.61
3 19.31 17.00 27.10 27.42
4 19.44 16.88 26.92 27.25
5 19.57 16.76 26.74 27.08
6 19.70 16.64 26.56 26.91
19.83
Fig. 3. Gain Plot for the Ka Band Input Mutiplexer
7 16.52 26.41 26.73
8 19.96 16.40 26.25 26.57

(4) Waveguide Directional Coupler

Design topology: type (WG directional coupler), physical
structure (Riblet short-slot with Coupling Matching Stub [6]),
WG Type (WR51)

(5) Circulators & Isolators

Circulators and Isolators are using the EM class product of
JQL Electronic Inc. The insertion loss of circulators and
isolators are around less than 0.3 dB, 0.5 dB respectively.

3. Test results on the Engineering Model of IMUX Fig. 4. EM Model of Ka Band Input Mutiplexer

As the design objectives of Equipment Specifications and

Engineering Model (EM) test results are shown by Table III
4. Conclusion
below.
The design of Circulator Coupled 8-Channel Ka Band
Input Multiplexer is well verified for some electrical
TABLE III
performances only. Due to lack of Group Delay margin,
Equipment Specification and EM Test Results
EM Test
Group Delay Equalizer is considered. And Invar (low CTE)
No. Items Spec. Remarks typed channel filters will be designed and manufactured later
Results
1 Ch.Band Width 100 MHz 100 MHz for the EQM model. Thermoelastic, thermal and structural
2 Insertion Loss < 10 dB < 8.8 dB analysis as well as Multipactor analysis will be conducted
Group Delay
3
Variation
< 10 nsp-p < 8.3 nsp-p @Fc±40MHz later.
4 Near Rejection
@Fc±80MHz > 40 dBc > 51 dBc
@Fc±130MHz > 50 dBc > 62 dBc Acknowledgement
@Fc±210MHz > 55 dBc > 68 dBc
The research was supported by the Space Technology
5 VSWR 1.5:1 1.4:1 Development Program through the National Research
6 Numbers of Ch. 8 8
SMA(F) SMA(F) Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the ministry of Science
7 Interface
/ SMA(F) / SMA(F) and ICT (Grant No. 2017M1A3A3A04014519).

The Engineering Model (EM) of 8-Channel Ka Input

Multiplexer is designed Fig. 2 and manufactured as below
Fig. 4. Regarding as the gain plot with eight channel’s
characteristics on the Ka-Band IMUX is well-represented in
Fig 3. IMUX’s electrical test results were successfully
verified by an Engineering Model with aluminum materials.
Fig. 2. 3D-Modeling of Ka Band Input Mutiplexer
References
[1] A.E. Atia and A.E. Williams, “New Types of Waveguide Bandpass
Filters,” COMSAT Technical Review, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 21-43, Fall
1971.
[2] A.E. Williams, “A Four-Cavity Elliptic Waveguide Filter,” IEEE
Trans. on Microwave Theory and Technique, vol. 18, no. 12, pp. 1109-
1114, Dec. 1970.
[3] M. Kunes, “Microwave multiplexers for space applications”,
Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal, Feb. 1998.
[4] M. Latif and A.U. Salfi, “Design of 5-Channel C-Band Input
Multiplexer for Communications Satellites,” Journal of Space
Technology, vol. V, no. 1, pp. 40-46, July. 2015.
[5] R.J. Cameron, C.M. Kudsia and R.R. Mansour, “Microwave Filters for
Communication Systems: Fundamentals, Design, and Applications”,
Wiley, New York, 2017.
[6] P.Y. Lee, D.K. Baek and J.H. (Martin) Park and E.S. Choi, “Design of
3dB Directional Coupler for Ka-Band Input Multiplexer of Satellite
Payload Applications,”, unpublished.

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