MEH329 Digital Signal Processing

Midterm Exam
2019 / 2020Fall
20.11.2019

Student Name : 1 (20p) 2 (30p) 3 (20p) 4 (30p) Total

Student Number :
Signature :

Time: 85min

Q1) Determine and prove whether the system 𝑦[𝑛] = ∑𝑛𝑘=0 𝑥[𝑘] is
a) Linear or not
b) Time invariant or not

a)
𝑛

𝑥1 [𝑛] → 𝑦1 [𝑛] = ∑ 𝑥1 [𝑘]

𝑘=0
𝑛

𝑥2 [𝑛] → 𝑦2 [𝑛] = ∑ 𝑥2 [𝑘]

𝑘=0
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛

𝑥3 [𝑛] = 𝑎𝑥1 [𝑛] + 𝑏𝑥2 [𝑛] → 𝑦3 [𝑛] = ∑ 𝑥3 [𝑘] = ∑(𝑎𝑥1 [𝑘] + 𝑏𝑥2 [𝑘]) = 𝑎 ∑ 𝑥1 [𝑘] + 𝑏 ∑ 𝑥2 [𝑘]
𝑘=0 𝑘=0 𝑘=0 𝑘=0
𝑛 𝑛

𝑎𝑦1 [𝑛] + 𝑏𝑦2 [𝑛] = 𝑎 ∑ 𝑥1 [𝑘] + 𝑏 ∑ 𝑥2 [𝑘] = 𝑦3 [𝑛] ⇒ 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑖𝑠 𝐿𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟

𝑘=0 𝑘=0

b)
𝑛

𝑥1 [𝑛] → 𝑦1 [𝑛] = ∑ 𝑥1 [𝑘]

𝑘=0
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛−𝑛0

𝑥2 [𝑛] = 𝑥1 [𝑛 − 𝑛0 ] → 𝑦2 [𝑛] = ∑ 𝑥2 [𝑘] = ∑ 𝑥1 [𝑘 − 𝑛0 ] = ∑ 𝑥1 [𝑙]

𝑘=0 𝑘=0 𝑙=−𝑛0
𝑛−𝑛0

𝑦1 [𝑛 − 𝑛0 ] = ∑ 𝑥1 [𝑘] ≠ 𝑦2 [𝑛] ⇒ 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑖𝑠 𝑁𝑜𝑡 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 − 𝑖𝑛𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑡

𝑘=0
 1 1
Q2) For the LTI system defined by the difference equation 𝑦[𝑛] − 4 𝑦[𝑛 − 1] − 8 𝑦[𝑛 − 2] = 3𝑥[𝑛],
a) What is the frequency response?
b) What is the impulse response?
c) Based on the impulse response, determine and prove whether this system is causal or not
d) Based on the impulse response, determine and prove whether this system is stable or not

a) Taking DTFT of the system equation:

1 1
𝑌(𝑒 𝑗Ω ) − 𝑒 −𝑗Ω 𝑌(𝑒 𝑗Ω ) − 𝑒 −2𝑗Ω 𝑌(𝑒 𝑗Ω ) = 3𝑋(𝑒 𝑗Ω )
4 8
1 1
⇒ 𝑌(𝑒 𝑗Ω ) (1 − 𝑒 −𝑗Ω − 𝑒 −2𝑗Ω ) = 3𝑋(𝑒 𝑗Ω )
4 8

𝑗Ω
𝑌(𝑒 𝑗Ω ) 3 2 1
⇒ 𝐻(𝑒 ) = = = +
𝑗Ω 1 1 1 1
𝑋(𝑒 ) (1 − 𝑒 −𝑗Ω − 𝑒 −2𝑗Ω ) 1 − 𝑒 −𝑗Ω 1 + 𝑒 −𝑗Ω
4 8 2 4

1 1
b) Taking the IDTFT of 𝐻(𝑒 𝑗Ω ), and considering that |2| < 1 and |− 4| < 1, we arrive at:

ℎ[𝑛] = 2(1/2)𝑛 𝑢[𝑛] + (−1/4)𝑛 𝑢[𝑛]

c) For a LTI system to be causal, the impulse response has to satisfy ℎ[𝑛] = 0 , 𝑛 < 0

ℎ[𝑛] = 2(1/2)𝑛 𝑢[𝑛] + (−1/4)𝑛 𝑢[𝑛] = 0 for 𝑛 < 0 ⇒ System is causal

d) For a LTI system to be causal, the impulse response has to satisfy:

∞

∑ |ℎ[𝑘]| < ∞
𝑘=−∞

For this system:

∞ ∞ ∞

∑ |ℎ[𝑘]| = ∑ |2(1/2)𝑘 𝑢[𝑘] + (−1/4)𝑘 𝑢[𝑘]| = ∑|2(1/2)𝑘 + (−1/4)𝑘 |

𝑘=−∞ 𝑘=−∞ 𝑘=0

1 1
=2 + = 4.8 < ∞ ⇒ 𝑆𝑦𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑚 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
1 1
1−2 1+4