11

P2.5.3DATACONVERSION

ANALOGSIGNAL·

Analog Signal: Analog signal is.·one in which the amplitude varies

.continuously for all val ues of time. Data represented in a continuous form is known
as analog data. Analog signals are small and are used in linear fashion. All
natu rally occurring phenomena are analog signals. For example, temperature,
pressure, velocity and sound arc signals that take all possible values between given
limits.

::g:Anop-ampconnected asan amplifier with a voltage gain of

10isananalogcircuit.Asta ndardVOM(volt,ohm,milliamp)meterisananalogmeasuring
devi ce in which the poi nter gradually and continuously moves.
.W Whenwater i'sheated thetemperature increasescontinuouslywith time:

Advantages:-
.·'
1. Analog signals have fine definition and hasinfinite amount of
signalresolution:· ·
2. Theyareofhighdensity.
.3. Processi.ngolanalogsignalsissimpler:

1. Analogsystem.isnoisyandhasun wantedrandomvariation.
2. Randorr1variationsbecome
dominantassignaliscopiedandrecopiedortransmittedoverlongdistance.
3. Theabovedisci d vantagecanbereduced by
shieding,goodconnectionandusingcablessuchascoaxia.1orlwistcdpai r.
r
..._; !?igi_t! Sig_naJ§

.J
,,
\_) Digitalsignalsn;prcscntafinitenumberofdiscre tevalues(distinctval ues).Theyarediscret
einbolh Lime andamplitude, obtained
eachval ueofdiscretesignals.Th(;yarclargrandconsiderednonlinear:
by quantizing ···
Digitalcircuit,;handleonlyhighandlowsignals. Highrefersto+5VandLowrefers
'{'- toOV.Wecallt hcrn-logical1ancllogicalClrespectively.AsignalwhichhasON-
.J DEE.character.isticsiscalleddigi talsignal.Eg.Theoutputofasquarewavegen erator
-
/ .
isdigitalsignal. They canalsobe genera ted byatransistor
:'0 turningONandOFF.Thesesignalsarecalleddigitalbecausetheirsamplesarerepresent
\'-._.) edbyn umbersordigits.

··

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JJPA-02.
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