REVIEWER 4 IN SCIENCE (Grade 7-1O)

_______1. What is the most common kind of litter, by number, found in waterways?
A. cigarette butts B. aluminum cans C. plastic bottles

_______2. . Which of these helps stop soil and fertilizer from running off a farm field into a stream?
A. fencing along the stream B. planting a grass buffer C. plowing to the edge of a stream

_______3.. What is a surface made of material that allows water to soak into the ground like a sponge called?
A. pervious B. impervious C. asphalt

_______4. The first step in cleaning wastewater at a treatment plant is to remove large solids. What is this step called?
A. aeration B. clarification C. screening

_______5. What is an effect of acid rain?

A. algal growth is higher B. zooplankton populations increase C. fish eggs may not hatch

_______6. What are the solids that are denser than wastewater, so that they sink to the bottom, called?
A. sludge B. scum C. rocks

_______7. What does stormwater from a farm carry with it into streams?
A. soil and fertilizer B. litter and chemicals C. pet waste

_______8. What is waste water or storm water that flows overland into a body of water?
A. point source water pollution B. non-point source water pollution C. industrial waste

_______9. What is a shallow depression with water-loving vegetation where rainwater can collect and soak into the soil instead of
running off?
A. a rain garden B. an irrigated garden C. a berm

_______10. What are soil or bits of rock suspended in water?

A. scum B. organic solids C. sediment

_______11. What is water in lakes, rivers, ponds and seas on the surface of the earth?
A. surface water B. an undergound stream C. ground water

_______12. What happens to sludge in a septic tank?

A. it accumulates on the bottom B. it floats on top of the wastewater C. it flows into the drainfield

_______13. What is a hole dug by people that reaches from the surface to a source of ground water?
A. a spring B. a well C. a watershed

_______14. What happens in a septic system's drain field?

A. bacteria in the soil break down the waste
B. sunlight breaks down the waste
C. scum and sludge are separated

_______15. What place in a stream is deep enough to hold water for fish even in the dry season?
A. a riffle B. a stream pool C. the bank

_______16. What are chemicals that mimic natural hormones and affect development and reproduction in living organisms?
A. endocrine disruptors B. antiobiotics C. road salt

_______17. Which stream animals are indicators of poor water quality?

A. black fly larvae B. riffle beetles C. May fly larvae

_______18. What is acid rain?

A. precipitation that has a pH lower than 5.7
B. precipitation that has a pH lower than 7.0
C. precipitation that has a pH higher than 7.0

_______19. In a toilet, what holds the waste until it is flushed down the toilet?
A. the float B. the bowl C. the upside-down U pipe under the bowl

_______20. Which characteristic or condition of the environment affects how seriously acid rain affects a lake?
A. the kind of bedrock B. the amount of nutrients C. the plants on the shoreline

_______21. Who educates communities and the public about stormwater?

A. street cleaners B. stream ecologists C. storm water educators

_______22. Who creates methods of cleaning industrial waste water?

A. industrial engineers B. microbiologists C. water conservationists

_______23. Which party favor, if it gets away, can be mistaken for food by sea turtles?
A. beads B. helium balloons C. party hats

_______24. Which of these helps keep waste from cows out of a stream?
A. using a culvert to carry the waste away B. fencing along the stream C. limiting cows to one spot in a stream

_______25. What is rain that falls on the land and flows over the surface to the nearest stream?
A. infiltration B. a flood C. stormwater runoff
_______26. What is the wastewater step that separates scum and sludge from the liquid fraction called?
A. aeration B. clarification C. screening

_______27. The third step in cleaning wastewater at a treatment plant is to mix the liquid fraction with air to help bacteria break down
the small solids. What is this step called?
A. aeration B. screening C. clarification

_______28. Which of these can help reduce the flow of stormwater into a stream?
A. a ditch B. a fence on the bank C. plants on the bank

_______29. What is waste water that flows from a pipe into a body of water?
A. ground water B. point source water pollution C. non-point source water pollution

_______30. Where does a city's wastewater get cleaned?

A. in a giant holding pond B. at a wastewater treatment plant C. at a storm water treatment plant

_______31. How does sediment affect the health of plants or animals in a lake or stream?
A. it clogs plankton gills
B. it blocks light and reduces algal photosynthesis
C. it settles around plant roots and stabilizes them

_______32. What is an underground layer of permeable rock, gravel, sand or sil where ground water collects?
A. an aquifer B. a lake C. a cave stream

_______33. What happens to scum in a septic tank?

A. it flows into the drainfield B. it floats on top of the wastewater C. it accumulates on the bottom

_______34. What is a place where water flows naturally from the groundwater to the surface?
A. a watershed B. a well C. a spring

_______35. What waste treatment system works by holding feces and urine in a pit or tank until it can be removed for further
treatment?
A. a lagoon B. a pit toilet or latrine C. a septic system

_______36. What is the place in a stream that is so shallow that water tumbles over rocks and picks up oxygen?
A. the bank B. a stream pool C. a riffle

_______37. Which of these is a documented effect of an endocrine disruptor?

A. delayed maturation of human females B. feminization of male frogs C. masculinization of female birds

_______38. In a toilet, what keeps a small amount of water in the bowl to stop smelly gases from getting into the bathroom?
A. the bowl B. the tank C. the upside-down U pipe under the bowl

_______39. What causes acid rain?

A. CFCs in the atmosphere
B. sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the atmosphere
C. carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

_______40. In a toilet, what keeps the water from over-filling the tank?
A. the tank B. the float C. the upside-down U pipe under the bowl

_______41. Who studies the movement of water above and below ground?
A. chemical engineers B. water conservationists C. hydrologists

_______42. Who cleans streets in cities to keep litter from being washed into streams?
A. landscape architects B. storm water educators C. street cleaners

_______43. Who monitors water for harmful bacteria and other pathogens?
A. industrial engineers B. microbiologists C. hydrologists

_______44. What is a surface made of material that sheds water like a rain coat called?
A. pervious B. gravel \ C. impervious

_______45. What is the best way to decide how much fertilizer to apply to a crop field?
A. use the same amount as the previous year
B. find out how much everyone else is using this year
C. do a soil test

_______46 What is the soil that water from storms or flooding washes into the nearest stream?
A. sediment B. stormwater runoff C. watershed

_______47. What are the solids, like fats, grease and oils, that float on the top of wastewater called?
A. sludge B. rocks C. scum

_______48. What does stormwater from a city carry with it into streams?
A. soil and fertilizer B. manure C. litter and chemicals

_______49. The last step in cleaning wastewater at a treament plant is to disinfect the water. What is this step called?
A. clarification B. screening C. chlorination

_______50. Where does litter or pet waste left on streets end up if not picked up?
A. in the trash B. at a landfill C. in the nearest body of water
_______51. What is an area of land whose rainwater and snowmelt drain into a single stream or river?
A. a river B. a lake C. a watershed

_______52. What is the water stored in aquifers or between soil particles below the surface of the earth?
A. ground water B. well water C. surface water

_______53. What is an underground tank used to treat household wastewater in places where there is no centralized treatment?
A. a holding tank B. a septic tank C. a settling pond

_______54. How does water get into an aquifer?

A. it is formed through volcanic activity
B. it is pumped in from a nearby water body
C. it seeps in from the surface

_______55. What happens to the liquid part of wastewater in a septic tank?

A. it accumulates on the bottom B. it floats on top of the wastewater C. it flows into the drainfield

_______56. What is an area of land whose rainwater and snowmelt drain to a single stream or river?
A. a lake B. a river C. a watershed

_______57. What is one effect of increased stormwater on streams?

A. it makes more pools B. it eliminates pools and riffles C. it makes a stream curvier

_______58. Which stream animals are indicators of good water quality?

A. leeches B. black fly larvae C. May fly larvae

_______59. Who advises individuals and governments about water quality and quantity
A. water conservationists B. hydrologists C. industrial engineers

_______60. Who studies the health of streams?

A. stream ecologists B. storm water educators C. landscape architects