Department Of Physics

Bs Electronics

Assignment no 1
Introduction to computer programming
Ashar Zahid
FA-19-BEL-005
Motherboard and its Ports

Motherboard:
A motherboard is one of the most essential parts of a computer system. It
holds together many of the crucial components of a computer, including the central processing unit
(CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices. The base of a motherboard consists of a
very firm sheet of non-conductive material, typically some sort of rigid plastic. Thin layers of copper or
aluminum foil, referred to as traces, are printed onto this sheet. These traces are very narrow and form
the circuits between the various components. In addition to circuits, a motherboard contains a number
of sockets and slots to connect the other components.
 Ports on Motherboard

Power Connections:
These ports provide power from the power supply to the motherboard and
the processors.

Internal Headers:
In internal header there is a audio header. It connects headphones and
microphone jacks. There is also USB Headers which connects usb 3.0 and usb 2.0 . It also
consists of Power and Reset swithes.
Hard Drive Ports:
The most common ports which are used to connect Hard Drives are
called SATA Ports.

M.2 Port:
Some newer motherboards have m.2 ports which is used to connect small high
speed SSDs.

Expansion Slots:
Expansion slots has two types PCI Express and PCI. They can hold
expansion cards such as graphic cards,Network cards and sound cards.
Rear Ports:
There are many examples of rear ports.

 USB is for things like mouse and keyboard

 D-SUD,DVI,HDMI and Display port are all monitor ports
 Gbe LAN is where you plug is an Ethernet Connection
 eSATA is another hard drive connection
 ps/2 is an old port used for some mouse and keyboard

Lastly,Optical Audio and HD Audio are used for speakers and microphones.

VGA Ports:
Vga ports are one of the most important on motherboard. They are related to
graphics of the computer.

Power Supply Unit:

PSU converts mains AC to low voltage regulated DC Power for the
internal components of the computer. Modern computers use switched-mode power supply
have a manual switch for selecting input voltage,while others automatically adopts to its mains
voltage. Some top brands of power supply unit are:

 EVGA
 Sea Sonic
 Cooler Master
The End