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PVSYST V6.

81 29/12/19 Page 1/6

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters


Project : Assignment
Geographical Site Assignment Location Country Germany
Situation Latitude 52.52° N Longitude 13.38° E
Time defined as Legal Time Time zone UT+1 Altitude 51 m
Albedo 0.20
Meteo data: Assignment Location Meteonorm 7.2 (1996-2015), Sat=45% - Synthetic

Simulation variant : Optmization


Simulation date 29/12/19 15h47

Simulation parameters System type Sheds, single array


Collector Plane Orientation Tilt 30° Azimuth 0°
Sheds configuration Nb. of sheds 15 Single array
Sheds spacing 7.50 m Collector width 3.96 m
Inactive band Top 0.02 m Bottom 0.02 m
Shading limit angle Limit profile angle 26.1° Ground cov. Ratio (GCR) 52.8 %

Models used Transposition Perez Diffuse Perez, Meteonorm


Horizon Free Horizon
Near Shadings Detailed electrical calculation (acc. to module layout)
User's needs : Unlimited load (grid)

PV Array Characteristics
PV module Si-poly Model CS6U - 350P P4
Original PVsyst database Manufacturer Canadian Solar Inc.
Number of PV modules In series 19 modules In parallel 30 strings
Total number of PV modules Nb. modules 570 Unit Nom. Power 350 Wp
Array global power Nominal (STC) 200 kWp At operating cond. 180 kWp (50°C)
Array operating characteristics (50°C) U mpp 648 V I mpp 278 A
Total area Module area 1108 m² Cell area 999 m²

Inverter Model ECO 25.0-3-S


Custom parameters definition Manufacturer Fronius International
Characteristics Operating Voltage 580-850 V Unit Nom. Power 25.0 kWac
Inverter pack Nb. of inverters 7 units Total Power 175 kWac
Pnom ratio 1.14

PV Array loss factors


Array Soiling Losses Average loss Fraction 2.2 %
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.
2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0% 2.0%

Thermal Loss factor Uc (const) 29.0 W/m²K Uv (wind) 0.0 W/m²K / m/s
Wiring Ohmic Loss Global array res. 39 mOhm Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC
LID - Light Induced Degradation Loss Fraction 2.0 %
Module Quality Loss Loss Fraction -0.8 %
Module Mismatch Losses Loss Fraction 1.0 % at MPP
Strings Mismatch loss Loss Fraction 0.10 %
PVSYST V6.81 29/12/19 Page 2/6

Grid-Connected System: Simulation parameters


Incidence effect (IAM): User defined profile
10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80° 90°
0.998 0.998 0.995 0.992 0.986 0.970 0.917 0.763 0.000

System loss factors


Wiring Ohmic Loss Wires: 3x150.0 mm² 98 m Loss Fraction 1.5 % at STC
Unavailability of the system 3.6 days, 3 periods Time fraction 1.0 %
PVSYST V6.81 29/12/19 Page 3/6

Grid-Connected System: Near shading definition


Project : Assignment
Simulation variant : Optmization
Main system parameters System type Sheds, single array
Near Shadings Detailed electrical calculation (acc. to module layout)
PV Field Orientation tilt 30° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model CS6U - 350P P4 Pnom 350 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 570 Pnom total 200 kWp
Inverter Model ECO 25.0-3-S Pnom 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 7.0 Pnom total 175 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Perspective of the PV-field and surrounding shading scene

Iso-shadings diagram
Assignment
Beam shading factor (linear calculation) : Iso-shadings curves
90
Shading loss: 1 % Attenuation for diffuse: 0.048
Shading loss: 5 % 1: 22 june
and albedo: 0.631
Shading loss: 10 % 2: 22 may - 23 july
Shading loss: 20 % 3: 20 apr - 23 aug
75 4: 20 mar - 23 sep
Shading loss: 40 %
5: 21 feb - 23 oct
6: 19 jan - 22 nov
12h 7: 22 december
11h 1 13h
60
2 14h
10h
Sun height [[°]]

3 15h
9h
45
16h
8h 4

17h
30 7h
5
18h
6h
6
15 7 19h
5h

Behind Behind
the plane the plane
0
-120 -90 -60 -30 0 30 60 90 120
Azimuth [[°]]
PVSYST V6.81 29/12/19 Page 4/6

Grid-Connected System: Main results


Project : Assignment
Simulation variant : Optmization
Main system parameters System type Sheds, single array
Near Shadings Detailed electrical calculation (acc. to module layout)
PV Field Orientation tilt 30° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model CS6U - 350P P4 Pnom 350 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 570 Pnom total 200 kWp
Inverter Model ECO 25.0-3-S Pnom 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 7.0 Pnom total 175 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Main simulation results


System Production Produced Energy 195.9 MWh/year Specific prod. 982 kWh/kWp/year
Performance Ratio PR 79.68 %

Normalized productions (per installed kWp): Nominal power 200 kWp Performance Ratio PR

7 1.0
Lc : Collection Loss (PV-array losses) 0.58 kWh/kWp/day PR : Performance Ratio (Yf / Yr) : 0.797
0.9
Ls : System Loss (inverter, ...) 0.11 kWh/kWp/day
6
Yf : Produced useful energy (inverter output) 2.69 kWh/kWp/day
0.8
[kWh/kWp/day]

5 0.7
Performance Ratio PR

0.6
4
Energy

0.5

3
0.4
Normalized

2 0.3

0.2
1
0.1

0 0.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Optmization
Balances and main results

GlobHor DiffHor T_Amb GlobInc GlobEff EArray E_Grid PR


kWh/m² kWh/m² °C kWh/m² kWh/m² MWh MWh

January 20.0 12.62 1.13 35.7 28.0 4.12 3.96 0.555


February 34.9 23.50 2.19 51.4 45.3 7.31 7.07 0.689
March 75.9 41.15 4.93 99.9 92.6 18.04 17.46 0.876
April 124.1 62.28 9.77 143.9 133.1 25.26 24.47 0.852
May 153.6 80.50 15.26 160.0 147.5 27.30 26.45 0.829
June 164.4 83.32 17.66 165.8 153.7 28.12 27.25 0.824
July 160.2 87.81 19.98 161.9 149.4 27.28 25.40 0.787
August 135.0 72.07 19.52 148.3 137.6 25.09 24.32 0.822
September 93.6 46.95 15.04 117.8 109.7 20.44 19.81 0.843
October 54.2 26.37 10.33 80.4 74.6 13.26 12.48 0.778
November 23.4 13.93 5.66 40.3 33.3 4.71 4.39 0.547
December 14.5 9.60 1.93 27.3 20.6 3.01 2.88 0.529

Year 1053.7 560.10 10.33 1232.7 1125.4 203.95 195.93 0.797

Legends: GlobHor Horizontal global irradiation GlobEff Effective Global, corr. for IAM and shadings
DiffHor Horizontal diffuse irradiation EArray Effective energy at the output of the array
T_Amb Ambient Temperature E_Grid Energy injected into grid
GlobInc Global incident in coll. plane PR Performance Ratio
PVSYST V6.81 29/12/19 Page 5/6

Grid-Connected System: Special graphs


Project : Assignment
Simulation variant : Optmization
Main system parameters System type Sheds, single array
Near Shadings Detailed electrical calculation (acc. to module layout)
PV Field Orientation tilt 30° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model CS6U - 350P P4 Pnom 350 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 570 Pnom total 200 kWp
Inverter Model ECO 25.0-3-S Pnom 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 7.0 Pnom total 175 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Daily Input/Output diagram

1600
Values from 01/01 to 31/12
1400
[kWh/day]

1200

1000
grid
into

800
injected

600
Energy

400

200

0
0 2 4 6 8 10
Global incident in coll. plane [kWh/m².day]

System Output Power Distribution

5000
Values from 01/01 to 31/12
Bin]

4000
/
[kWh

3000
grid
into
injected

2000
Energy

1000

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Power injected into grid [kW]
PVSYST V6.81 29/12/19 Page 6/6

Grid-Connected System: Loss diagram


Project : Assignment
Simulation variant : Optmization
Main system parameters System type Sheds, single array
Near Shadings Detailed electrical calculation (acc. to module layout)
PV Field Orientation tilt 30° azimuth 0°
PV modules Model CS6U - 350P P4 Pnom 350 Wp
PV Array Nb. of modules 570 Pnom total 200 kWp
Inverter Model ECO 25.0-3-S Pnom 25.00 kW ac
Inverter pack Nb. of units 7.0 Pnom total 175 kW ac
User's needs Unlimited load (grid)

Loss diagram over the whole year

1054 kWh/m² Horizontal global irradiation


+17.0% Global incident in coll. plane

-0.10% Global incident below threshold


-4.50% Near Shadings: irradiance loss

-2.26% IAM factor on global


-2.20% Soiling loss factor

1125 kWh/m² * 1108 m² coll. Effective irradiation on collectors


efficiency at STC = 18.01% PV conversion

224.6 MWh Array nominal energy (at STC effic.)


-0.98% PV loss due to irradiance level
-1.94% PV loss due to temperature
-3.33% Shadings: Electrical Loss detailed module calc.
+0.80% Module quality loss

-2.00% LID - Light induced degradation


-1.10% Mismatch loss, modules and strings
-0.78% Ohmic wiring loss
204.3 MWh Array virtual energy at MPP

-2.48% Inverter Loss during operation (efficiency)


-0.18% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. power
0.00% Inverter Loss due to max. input current
0.00% Inverter Loss over nominal inv. voltage
-0.01% Inverter Loss due to power threshold
-0.02% Inverter Loss due to voltage threshold
198.8 MWh Available Energy at Inverter Output

-0.78% System unavailability


-0.69% AC ohmic loss
195.9 MWh Energy injected into grid

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