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PLANT-WATER RELATION
OSMOSIS
 PERMEABLE IM PERMEABLE SEMI PERMEABLE SELECTIVELY
PERMEABLE

1. MOVEMENT OF YES NO YES YES

SOLVENT

2. SOLUTE YES NO NO SELECTIVE

3.IONS YES NO NO SELECTIVE

4. GASES YES NO YES YES

5. DNA-RNA YES NO NO NO

ENZYMES YES NO NO NO
A MATURE CORN PLANT ABSORBS ALMOST THREE
LITRES OF WATER IN A DAY, WHILE MUSTARD PLANTS
ABSORB WATER EQUAL TO ITS OWN WEIGHT IN
ABOUT 5 HOURS
 WATER POTENTIAL
Free energy represents the water to do work.
Pressures is also a source that provide energy to
the water.
Water potential is also known chemical potential.
Water moves from high water potential to low
water potential
Water potential is measures in term of pressure.
Unit- pascal (Pa)
1 Mpa= 10 BARS.
PRESSURE POTENTIAL
 DIFFUSION PRESSURE DEFICIT (DPD)
TERM –MEYER
ALSO KNOWN AS SUCTION PRESSURE (TERM-
RENNER).
PURE WATER DIFFUSION PRESSURE IS MAXIMUM.
DUE TO ADDITION OF SOLUTE THERE WILL BE
DECREASE IN THE DIFFUSION PRESSURE OF THE
SOLUTION THIS IS DPD.
CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE INCREASES THEN
THE DP DECREASES AND DPD INCREASES.
DPD=OP-TP
FLACCID CELL DPD=OP
WHEN THE INCREASING TURGOR PRESSURE
IS BECOME EQUAL TO DECREASING OSMOTIC
PRESSURE THE ENTRY OF WATER INTO THE
CELL WOULD STOP. AND TURGID CONDITION
OF CELL IS EXPRESS AS OP-TP=O THUS DPD=O
 WATER MOVEMENT
CRITERIA WATER MOVEMENT

OP LOW HIGH

TP HIGH LOW

DP HIGH LOW

DPD LOW HIGH

WATER POTENTIAL HIGH LOW

 IMBIBITION
THE PROCESS OF ABSORPTION OF WATER BY
HYDROPHILIC SOLID PARTICLES OF A SUBSTANCE
WITHOUT FORMING A SOLUTION IS CALLED IMBIBITION.
SOLID SUBSTANCE WHICH TAKE PART IN PROCESS IS
CALLED IMBIBANTS.
THE LIQUID PART IS KNOWN AS IMBIBATE.
REVERSIBLE PROCESS.
 PLANTS HYDROCOLLOIDS:- AGAR, PECTIN, PROTEIN,
STARCH, CELLULOSE.
 IMBIBITION
NECESSARY CONDITION :-
1. AFFINITY BETWEEN ADSORBENTS.
2. WATER GRADIENT BETWEEN THE SURFACE OF ABSORBENT AND LIQUID IMBIBED.

CHANGES OCCUR DUE TO IMBIBITION IN PLANTS

1. HEAT OF WETTING.
2. VOLUME OF IMBIBANT INCREASES.
3. IMBIBITION PRESSURE.(MATRIX POTENTIAL).
FACOTRS AFFECTING RATE OF IMBIBITION.
1.TEMPERATURE
2. TEXTURE.
3. EFFECT OF ELECTROLYTE.
LONG DISTANCE TRANSPORT.
 the movement of molecule across a typical cell
about 50micro meter takes approx 2.5 sec.
THE BULK MOVEMENT OF SUBSTNACE THROUGH THE
CONDUCTING OR VASCULAR TISSUES OF PLANTS IS KNOWN
AS TRANSLOCATION.
IN THE CELLS OF HYDRILLA LEAF ONE CAN EASILY SEE THE
MOVEMENT OF CHLOROPLAST DUE TO CYTOPLASMIC
STREAMING THROUGH MICROSCOPE.
SEEDS OF PINUS CANNOT GERMINATED WITHOUT
DEVELOPING MYCCORHIZAE ASSOCIATION.
 MASS FLOW

POSITIVE HYDROSTATIC NEGATIVE HYDROSTATIC

PRESSURE :- PHLOEM PRESSURE:-XYLEM.
 FACTOR AFFECTING RATE OF ABSORPTION
1. AVAILABLE SOIL WATER.

2. SOIL AIR

3.CONCENTRATION OF SOIL SOLUTION

4. SOIL TEMPERATURE.
PASSIVE WATER TRANSPORT
ROOT PRESSURE THEORY
DRAWBACKS OF ROOT PRESSURE THEORY
 ROOT PRESSURE DEVELOP IS 1-2 ATM
ONLY.
ACCORDING TO THEORY ONLY ROOT
PRODUCES ASCENT OF SAP, BUT IT IS ALSO
PRESENT AFTER THE REMOVAL OF ROOTS.
IT IS MAINLY FORMED DURING SPRING
AND RAINY SEASONS.
TRANSPIRATION PULL THEORY
DIXON AND JOLLY

 TRANSPORT WATER AT RATE OF 15 METER PER HOUR.

COHESION :-MUTUAL ATTRACTION BETWEEN WATER MOLECULES.
ADHESION:-ATTRACTION OF MOLECULE TO POLAR SURFACES.
SURFACE TENSION :- WATER MOLECULE ATTRACT TO EACH OTHER IN THE
LIQUID PHASE MORE THAN TO WATER IN THE GASEOUS STATE.

CAPILLARITY IS ADIDED BY SMALL DIAMETER OF THE TRACHERY ELEMENTS-

THE TRACHEIDS AND VESSELS
MECHANISM OF CLOSING AND OPENING OF
STOMATA :- POTASSIUM PUMP THEORY.
TRANSPIRATION TYPES

1.STOMATAL
2. CUTICULAR
3. LENTICULAR
4. BARK