Sei sulla pagina 1di 56

A relation between two speech sounds such that replacing one by the other makes a

difference in the meaning of a word?

Involves the opening of the mouth more widely?

Sound produced with a relatively open passage of air flow?

Which are sonorants?Single vowel sounds that begin in one vowel position and end in
another vowel or glide position?

A relation between two speech sounds such that either one can occur in a certain
position without changing the meaning of the word?

One produced by holding the highest point of the tongue towards the front of the
mouth?

Produced with the lips rounded?Which are obstruents?

A simple vowel, composed of a single configuration of the vocal organs?Involves


retraction of the tongue?Relatively longer vowels and all end with the tongue body
high in the mouth?

Which is not a requirement for a minimal pair?


A speech sound that is psychologically a single unit, in contrast with other such units.
It is an abstract element, a set of phonological features (e.g. Bilabial, stop) having
several predictable manifestations in speech?

Produced with somewhat less muscular tension and somewhat shorter in duration?

The production of which the jaws are held close together?

A positional variant, specifically rule-governed and predictable in a particular


linguistic environment?

A relation between two speech sounds such that each occurs in one or more positions
where the other one never does?

A sound involving a constriction to the flow of air through mouth or nose?

Single vowel sounds that begin in one vowel position and end in another vowel or
glide position?

https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=linguistic-quiz

Slang

Discuss

o A.

Jargon and made up words from a foreign land.

o B.

Informal verbal communication that is generally unacceptable for


formal writing

o C.

Is the non continual and never-changing use and definition of


words in informal conversation, often using references as a
means of comparison or showing likeness.

o D.

Complete disregard of the english language by using formal


words in a proper setting.

 2.
Polysemous

o A.

Words that have multiple meanings.

o B.

Words that have only one meaning.

o C.

Words that have mutiple meanings and spellings.

o D.

A word that has no meaning

 3.
Root

o A.

Foundations of all words that came before it.

o B.

A word that contains prefixes.

o C.

The form of a word after all affixes are removed.

o D.

A word that contains suffix and prefix at the same time

 4.
Bound Morphone

o A.

A morpheme which never occurs alone but is attached to other


morphemes.

o B.
A morpheme which always occurs alone but is not attached to
other morphemes.

o C.

A morpheme which always occurs and is attached to other


morphemes.

o D.

A morpheme that is unattached to other morphemes but always


occurs alone.

 5.
Homographs

o A.

Words that are spelled identically and pronouced differently.

o B.

Words that are spelled identically and possibly pronounced the


same.

o C.

Words that are spelled differently and pronouced the same.

o D.

Words that are pronounced the same but spelled differently.

 6.
Homonyms

o A.

Words that are pronounced differently and spelled the same, but
have the same meaning.

o B.

Words that are spelled the same and pronounced differently.

o C.
Words that are pronounced and possibly spelled the same, but
with a different meaning.

o D.

Words that have one meaning but are spelled and prounounced
differently.

 7.
Homophones

o A.

Words that sound alike but have different spellings and


meanings.

o B.

Words that are pronounced differently and spelled the same, but
have the same meaning.

o C.

Words that sound different but have the same spellings and
meanings.

o D.

Words that are the same but have different spellings and
meanings.

 8.
Lexicon

o A.

A dictionary for people who speak at public events.

o B.

A speakers mental dictionary.

o C.

New vocabulary words.


o D.

Internet jargon

 9.
Morpheme

o A.

The smallest unit of linguistic meaning or function.

o B.

A unit of measuring syllables in poetry.

o C.

The structure of vowel pronouncation.

o D.

The largest unit of linguistic meaning or function.

 10.
Morphology

o A.

The science of breaking down sentence structure and meaning.

o B.

The identification, analysis and description of the structure of


pro-nouns and other units of meaning in a language such as
words, affixes, parts of speech, intonation/stress, or unidentified
context.

o C.

A chronological order of the structure of word formation.

o D.

A sub-field of linguistics that studies internal structure of words


and relationships among words
 11.
Ebonics

o A.

Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian base languages.

o B.

Languages of Europe belong to the Indo-European language


family.

o C.

An alternative term used in 1997 for various dialects of the


African-American English.

o D.

A language that is the recorded or hypothetical ancestor of


another language or group of languages.

 12.
Etymology

o A.

The history of words; the study of the history of words.

o B.

The history of language; the study of the history of language.

o C.

The study of language and history of words.

o D.

The study of the history of language.

 13.
Phonology
o A.

Phonology is the study of how sounds are used in natural


languages in North America.

o B.

Sounds in relation to regional language dialects.

o C.

The study of word sounds and the development of language arts.

o D.

The sub-field of linguistics that studies structure and systematic


pattering of sounds in human language

 14.
Phonetics

o A.

Structure of language construction using complex language


breakdowns.

o B.

The system of group languages and simple speech patterns

o C.

The study of language and how it relates to sound patterns

o D.

The system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages

 15.
Pragmatics

o A.

The technical term meaning, roughly, what the person speaking


or writing actually meant, rather than what the words themselves
mean.
o B.

Slow progression into the meaning of actual text.

o C.

Thinking and writing what is actually meant and understanding


what is actually ment by those words.

o D.

A new way to figure out what the text means, rather than reading
between the lines of the acutal text.

 16.
Semantics

o A.

The deciphering of anicent codes.

o B.

Finding the correct meaning instead of the broad definition.

o C.

The study of meaning, reference, truth, and related notions.

o D.

The study of linguistics of English writing and literature.

 17.
Syntax

o A.

The rules for sentences that apply to all writing and dialog.

o B.

The rules of sentence formation; the componet of mental


grammar and structure of phrases and sentences.

o C.
The underlying meaning hidden in text in books.

o D.

The planning and use of words in grammar and structure of


sentences and phrases.

 18.
Antonym

Discuss

o A.

The word of seperate meanings.

o B.

The word of equal meaning.

o C.

The word of same meaning.

o D.

The word of opposite meaning.

 19.
Acronym

o A.

A word formed by adding the intial letters of to a sentence.

o B.

A word formed by combining the initial letters of a series or


related words.

o C.

A word deleted by addition of letters and numbers.

o D.
A word that is created by adding intial letters to the beginning
and end of a word.

 20.
Clause

Discuss

o A.

A group of words containing a subject and predicate.

o B.

A group of words that do not contain a subject or predicate.

o C.

A word that only contain a subject.

o D.

A word that only contains a predicate.

 21.
Creole

o A.

Languge that is created by local populance to become the offical


language of the region.

o B.

Language that is formed from the local populace to become the


standard speech of the community.

o C.

A southern form of dialect, spoken in the south of America.

o D.

Pidgin language that has become the establish as the native


language of a speech community.
 22.
Connotation

o A.

A new meaning that goes along with the suggested meanings.

o B.

An additional, suggested meaning as opposed to a literal, direct


meaning.

o C.

The literal direct meaning of a word.

o D.

An additional, meaning of a word that are the same as the literal,


direct meaning.

 23.
Cognate

o A.

Words that have the same root but different orgin.

o B.

Words that have the opposite linguistic root or orgin.

o C.

Words that have the same linguistic root or origin.

o D.

Words that have the opposite root but same orgin.

 24.
Denotation

o A.
The literal direct meaning of a word.

o B.

The literal opposite meaning of a word.

o C.

A word with no direct meaning.

o D.

A way to write the direct meaning of a word.

 25.
Metonymy

Discuss

o A.

A direct challenge to the reader through the text.

o B.

A figure of speech that has nothing to do with the place or item


mentioned.

o C.

A figure of speech consisting of the use of the name of one thing


for that of another.

o D.

The crossing of two figures of speech in the same sentence.

 26.
Orthography

o A.

The inclusion of maps in a book.

o B.
The representation of sounds of written or printed symbols.

o C.

The art of reading words that have to do with language and


spelling.

o D.

The art of writing words with proper letters according to the


stanard usage.

 27.
Synonym

o A.

One of two or more words or expressions of the same language


that have similar meanings.

o B.

One or two more words or expressions of the same laguague that


have opposite meanings.

o C.

Words that have similar meanings but are from opposite


languages.

o D.

Three words that mean the same thing.

 28.
Dialect

o A.

The way grammer differs from one region to another

o B.

A language that has the same grammer structure as other


languages.
o C.

A variety of language who grammer differs in systematic ways


from oher varieties.

o D.

Language that has a systematic similarites to other froms of


language.

 29.
Prefix

o A.

Affix has to be added to the beginning of a word.

o B.

Affix has to be added to the end of a word.

o C.

Affix has to be added to the middle of the word.

o D.

No affixes are added to the word.

 30.
Suffix

o A.

Affix has to be added to the beginning of a word.

o B.

Affix has to be added to the end of the word.

o C.

No affixes are added to the word.

o D.
Affix has to be added to the middle of the word.

 31.
Illocutionary Force

o A.

What Obi-Wan uses against the Empire.

o B.

A sign of speaker incomptence in speech programs and


instruction.

o C.

The primary reason for a speaker to create attitudes about


writing.

o D.

The basic purpose of a speaker in making an utterance and


attitudes that accompany it.

 32.
Proto-Language

o A.

Language that is under development

o B.

Language which uses many vowel sounds.

o C.

A recorded or reconstructed language that is the ancestor of


another language

o D.

Dead languages that are no longer spoken.

 33.
Inflectional Morphemes

o A.

Indicates places,events,times, and tense; the part of grammer that


deals with inflections of words

o B.

Indicates number, person, case, and tense: the part of grammar


that deals with inflections of words

o C.

Focus on only words with inflections.

o D.

Morphemes that have no inflectional properties.

 34.
Derivational Morphemes

o A.

The part of grammar that deals with derivations of words.

o B.

The part of grammer that deletes derivations of words.

o C.

The part of grammer that adds derivations in words.

o D.

The part of grammer that uses derivations in sentences.

 35.
Deep Structure

o A.

The abstract level of language; conceived as containing all info


need to make any sentence.
o B.

Radical new thinking in terms of added meaning to sentence


structure.

o C.

Sentence structure that involves deep thought.

o D.

Writing that goes beyond simple structure and developes further


into deep structure.

 36.
Surface Structure

o A.

A formal writing structure.

o B.

Grammatical structure that actually occurs; in some types of


grammer, a representation of the sequence of syntactic elements
that constitue two sentences.

o C.

Grammatical structure that actually occurs; in some types of


grammer, a representation of the sequence of syntactic elements
that constitue one sentence.

o D.

Textual meaning that is wide open to the reader.


Slang

Discuss

o A.

Jargon and made up words from a foreign land.

o B.
Informal verbal communication that is generally unacceptable for
formal writing

o C.

Is the non continual and never-changing use and definition of


words in informal conversation, often using references as a
means of comparison or showing likeness.

o D.

Complete disregard of the english language by using formal


words in a proper setting.

 2.
Polysemous

o A.

Words that have multiple meanings.

o B.

Words that have only one meaning.

o C.

Words that have mutiple meanings and spellings.

o D.

A word that has no meaning

 3.
Root

o A.

Foundations of all words that came before it.

o B.

A word that contains prefixes.

o C.
The form of a word after all affixes are removed.

o D.

A word that contains suffix and prefix at the same time

 4.
Bound Morphone

o A.

A morpheme which never occurs alone but is attached to other


morphemes.

o B.

A morpheme which always occurs alone but is not attached to


other morphemes.

o C.

A morpheme which always occurs and is attached to other


morphemes.

o D.

A morpheme that is unattached to other morphemes but always


occurs alone.

 5.
Homographs

o A.

Words that are spelled identically and pronouced differently.

o B.

Words that are spelled identically and possibly pronounced the


same.

o C.

Words that are spelled differently and pronouced the same.

o D.
Words that are pronounced the same but spelled differently.

 6.
Homonyms

o A.

Words that are pronounced differently and spelled the same, but
have the same meaning.

o B.

Words that are spelled the same and pronounced differently.

o C.

Words that are pronounced and possibly spelled the same, but
with a different meaning.

o D.

Words that have one meaning but are spelled and prounounced
differently.

 7.
Homophones

o A.

Words that sound alike but have different spellings and


meanings.

o B.

Words that are pronounced differently and spelled the same, but
have the same meaning.

o C.

Words that sound different but have the same spellings and
meanings.

o D.

Words that are the same but have different spellings and
meanings.
 8.
Lexicon

o A.

A dictionary for people who speak at public events.

o B.

A speakers mental dictionary.

o C.

New vocabulary words.

o D.

Internet jargon

 9.
Morpheme

o A.

The smallest unit of linguistic meaning or function.

o B.

A unit of measuring syllables in poetry.

o C.

The structure of vowel pronouncation.

o D.

The largest unit of linguistic meaning or function.

 10.
Morphology

o A.
The science of breaking down sentence structure and meaning.

o B.

The identification, analysis and description of the structure of


pro-nouns and other units of meaning in a language such as
words, affixes, parts of speech, intonation/stress, or unidentified
context.

o C.

A chronological order of the structure of word formation.

o D.

A sub-field of linguistics that studies internal structure of words


and relationships among words

 11.
Ebonics

o A.

Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian base languages.

o B.

Languages of Europe belong to the Indo-European language


family.

o C.

An alternative term used in 1997 for various dialects of the


African-American English.

o D.

A language that is the recorded or hypothetical ancestor of


another language or group of languages.

 12.
Etymology

o A.

The history of words; the study of the history of words.


o B.

The history of language; the study of the history of language.

o C.

The study of language and history of words.

o D.

The study of the history of language.

 13.
Phonology

o A.

Phonology is the study of how sounds are used in natural


languages in North America.

o B.

Sounds in relation to regional language dialects.

o C.

The study of word sounds and the development of language arts.

o D.

The sub-field of linguistics that studies structure and systematic


pattering of sounds in human language

 14.
Phonetics

o A.

Structure of language construction using complex language


breakdowns.

o B.

The system of group languages and simple speech patterns

o C.
The study of language and how it relates to sound patterns

o D.

The system of speech sounds of a language or group of languages

 15.
Pragmatics

o A.

The technical term meaning, roughly, what the person speaking


or writing actually meant, rather than what the words themselves
mean.

o B.

Slow progression into the meaning of actual text.

o C.

Thinking and writing what is actually meant and understanding


what is actually ment by those words.

o D.

A new way to figure out what the text means, rather than reading
between the lines of the acutal text.

 16.
Semantics

o A.

The deciphering of anicent codes.

o B.

Finding the correct meaning instead of the broad definition.

o C.

The study of meaning, reference, truth, and related notions.

o D.
The study of linguistics of English writing and literature.

 17.
Syntax

o A.

The rules for sentences that apply to all writing and dialog.

o B.

The rules of sentence formation; the componet of mental


grammar and structure of phrases and sentences.

o C.

The underlying meaning hidden in text in books.

o D.

The planning and use of words in grammar and structure of


sentences and phrases.

 18.
Antonym

Discuss

o A.

The word of seperate meanings.

o B.

The word of equal meaning.

o C.

The word of same meaning.

o D.

The word of opposite meaning.

 19.
Acronym

o A.

A word formed by adding the intial letters of to a sentence.

o B.

A word formed by combining the initial letters of a series or


related words.

o C.

A word deleted by addition of letters and numbers.

o D.

A word that is created by adding intial letters to the beginning


and end of a word.

 20.
Clause

Discuss

o A.

A group of words containing a subject and predicate.

o B.

A group of words that do not contain a subject or predicate.

o C.

A word that only contain a subject.

o D.

A word that only contains a predicate.

 21.
Creole

o A.
Languge that is created by local populance to become the offical
language of the region.

o B.

Language that is formed from the local populace to become the


standard speech of the community.

o C.

A southern form of dialect, spoken in the south of America.

o D.

Pidgin language that has become the establish as the native


language of a speech community.

 22.
Connotation

o A.

A new meaning that goes along with the suggested meanings.

o B.

An additional, suggested meaning as opposed to a literal, direct


meaning.

o C.

The literal direct meaning of a word.

o D.

An additional, meaning of a word that are the same as the literal,


direct meaning.

 23.
Cognate

o A.

Words that have the same root but different orgin.

o B.
Words that have the opposite linguistic root or orgin.

o C.

Words that have the same linguistic root or origin.

o D.

Words that have the opposite root but same orgin.

 24.
Denotation

o A.

The literal direct meaning of a word.

o B.

The literal opposite meaning of a word.

o C.

A word with no direct meaning.

o D.

A way to write the direct meaning of a word.

 25.
Metonymy

Discuss

o A.

A direct challenge to the reader through the text.

o B.

A figure of speech that has nothing to do with the place or item


mentioned.

o C.
A figure of speech consisting of the use of the name of one thing
for that of another.

o D.

The crossing of two figures of speech in the same sentence.

 26.
Orthography

o A.

The inclusion of maps in a book.

o B.

The representation of sounds of written or printed symbols.

o C.

The art of reading words that have to do with language and


spelling.

o D.

The art of writing words with proper letters according to the


stanard usage.

 27.
Synonym

o A.

One of two or more words or expressions of the same language


that have similar meanings.

o B.

One or two more words or expressions of the same laguague that


have opposite meanings.

o C.

Words that have similar meanings but are from opposite


languages.
o D.

Three words that mean the same thing.

 28.
Dialect

o A.

The way grammer differs from one region to another

o B.

A language that has the same grammer structure as other


languages.

o C.

A variety of language who grammer differs in systematic ways


from oher varieties.

o D.

Language that has a systematic similarites to other froms of


language.

 29.
Prefix

o A.

Affix has to be added to the beginning of a word.

o B.

Affix has to be added to the end of a word.

o C.

Affix has to be added to the middle of the word.

o D.

No affixes are added to the word.


 30.
Suffix

o A.

Affix has to be added to the beginning of a word.

o B.

Affix has to be added to the end of the word.

o C.

No affixes are added to the word.

o D.

Affix has to be added to the middle of the word.

 31.
Illocutionary Force

o A.

What Obi-Wan uses against the Empire.

o B.

A sign of speaker incomptence in speech programs and


instruction.

o C.

The primary reason for a speaker to create attitudes about


writing.

o D.

The basic purpose of a speaker in making an utterance and


attitudes that accompany it.

Which of the following is the smallest unit within a language system?


A. Word B. Morpheme C. Phoneme D. Grapheme

Which of the following definitions are consistent with discourse?


A. The smallest meaningful unit of speech B. Rules for putting words
together in sentences
C. The meaning of language D. None of these

Hermann Paul (1886) argued that the most basic building block of
language was which of the following?
A. Words B. Morpheme C. Phoneme D. Lexeme

Proto-Language

o A.

Language that is under development

o B.

Language which uses many vowel sounds.

o C.

A recorded or reconstructed language that is the ancestor of


another language

o D.

Dead languages that are no longer spoken.

Inflectional Morphemes

o A.

Indicates places,events,times, and tense; the part of grammer that


deals with inflections of words

o B.

Indicates number, person, case, and tense: the part of grammar


that deals with inflections of words

o C.

Focus on only words with inflections.

o D.
Morphemes that have no inflectional properties.

Derivational Morphemes

o A.

The part of grammar that deals with derivations of words.

o B.

The part of grammer that deletes derivations of words.

o C.

The part of grammer that adds derivations in words.

o D.

The part of grammer that uses derivations in sentences.

Deep Structure

o A.

The abstract level of language; conceived as containing all info


need to make any sentence.

o B.

Radical new thinking in terms of added meaning to sentence


structure.

o C.

Sentence structure that involves deep thought.

o D.

Writing that goes beyond simple structure and developes further


into deep structure.

Surface Structure

o A.

A formal writing structure.


o B.

Grammatical structure that actually occurs; in some types of


grammer, a representation of the sequence of syntactic elements
that constitue two sentences.

o C.

Grammatical structure that actually occurs; in some types of


grammer, a representation of the sequence of syntactic elements
that constitue one sentence.

o D.

Textual meaning that is wide open to the reader.

In English, we use the labiodental fricative for the letters:


A. a and o B. v and f C. p and b D. c and k

Human language differs from communication systems of other animals because


A. Humans have closed system and lack recursion B. Humans can vocalize
C. Humans have open system and use recursion D. Human languages lack
displacement and have production

Most anthropologists agree that language


i. determines cultural reality B. and culture influence each other
ii. is unrelated to kinesics and proxemics D. Is inborn, or
genetically determined.

The terms used for the non-linguistic aspects of speaking is:


a. A. Metalanguage B. Paralanguage
b. C. Protolanguage D. Both B and C

The rules for combining phonemes into words in a language are said to be:
a. A. Transcription B. Orthography
b. C. Phonotactics D. All of these
A label for the speech organs most directly involved in producing
a consonant is termed as:
a. A. Manner of Articulation B. Place of Articulation
b. C. Transcription D. None of these

The branch of linguistics which studies how utterances communicate


meaning in context is known as:
a. A. Stylistics B. Semantics
b. C. Pragmatics D. None of these

The part of a sentence other than its subject is said to be:


a. A. Adjunct B. Phrase
b. C. Clause D. Predicate

___________ is the study of the connections between language and mind.


a. A. Sociolinguistics B. Computational linguistics
b. C. Stylistics D. Psycholinguistics

A conventional system of marks representing information about the


structure of a written text is:
a. A. Intonation B. Rhythm
b. C. Punctuation D. Both A and B

Multiple Choice Quiz


(See related pages)

Read each question carefully and then select the best answer.

1 Language is most accurately defined as a system of


_______ that allow for communication with others.
A)images

B)vocalizations

C)symbols

D)words

2 Someone with a vocabulary of only 200 words can still


combine the words in different ways to say thousands of
different things. This aspect of language is referred to as:

A)syntax.

B)phonology.

C)morphology.

D)infinite generativity.

3 If a primate is able to use symbols in new ways to


communicate with other primates or people, we can say
the primate has:

A)language.

B)finite generativity.

C)phonological ability.

D)morphological ability.

4 _______ refers to word formation.

A)Phonology

B)Morphology

C)Syntax

D)Semantics
5 The sound system of a language is referred to as:

A)phonology.

B)pragmatics.

C)semantics.

D)syntax.

6 Mary has difficulty sounding out words like "though" and


"calendar." Her difficulties lie in which of the following
aspects of language?

A)phonology

B)pragmatics

C)semantics

D)syntax
7 Which aspect of language deals with the meaning of
words and sentences?

A)phonology

B)pragmatics

C)semantics

D)syntax

8 Pointing to a tree, young Ramal says, "bird flied away."


Ramal's interesting, but inaccurate, use of the "ed" word
ending shows that he is trying to learn _______ rules of
language.

A)syntactical

B)semantic

C)pragmatic

morphological
D)
9 Yoshi is learning that there are many different ways to
say "thank you" in Japanese, depending on the gender,
social status, and relationship to Yoshi of the person he is
thanking. This use of appropriate conversation
demonstrates an issue of:

A)syntax.

B)semantics.

C)morphology.

D)pragmatics.

10 Akilah can understand the word "misbehave" when her


father uses it in a sentence because Akilah understands:

A)pragmatics.

B)morphology.

prepositions.
C)
D)syntax.

11 What is the difference in language development between


a 3-year-old and a 6-year-old?

Three-year-olds are learning more words per


A)
week.

Three-year-olds have superior understanding of


B)
pragmatics.

C)Six-year-olds are learning more words per hour.

D)Six-year-olds have not yet learned syntax.

12 What is morphology?

A)the meaningfulness of words

B)the meaningfulness of phrases

the understanding of syntax


C)
D)the rules of conversation

13 Jenni, who is 3 years old, asks, "What Bobby is doing?"


She then modifies her question and asks again, "What is
Bobby doing?" Jenni is correcting the _______ of her
question?

A)syntax

B)semantics

C)pragmatics

D)morphology

14 When Jennifer said, "The deer was running," Mother


asked, "Where was the deer running?" Mother's strategy
is:

A)echoing.

expanding.
B)
C)recasting.

D)labeling.

15 Edward said to his mother, "The mouse the cat the


farmer chased killed at the cheese." After puzzling over
this for a bit, Edward's mother said, "Do you mean 'The
farmer chased the cat that killed the mouse that ate the
cheese?'" "Yes," he replied. Edward was having a problem
with:

A)semantics.

B)pragmatics.

C)syntax.

D)morphology.

16 A language disorder resulting from brain damage that


involves a loss of the ability to use words is:
A)LAD.

B)Broca's disorder.

C)aphasia.

D)Wernicke's disorder.

17 The concept of the language acquisition device is an


example of how:

A)phonology derives from morphology.

B)human language is not based on biology.

biological evolution is inadequate to explain


C)
human language.

biological evolution influenced human language


D)
acquisition.

18 Chomsky's theory of language development emphasized:


A)learning and conditioning principles.

B)innate structures and biological mechanisms.

C)children's cognitive abilities.

the language support system provided by


D)
parents.

19 Critical periods for learning language are determined by:

A)biology.

B)the environment.

C)the deep structures of language.

D)the pragmatic rules in learning language.

20 The following statements have been offered as evidence


for a critical period of language development theory.
Which of these theories has been contradicted by other
research?

Children who have not been exposed to language


A)until late in childhood do not learn to speak
normally.

B)Young children learn language quickly.

Children can learn languages from poor examples


C)
of language used around them.

Studies of brain development suggest a critical


D)
period for language acquisition.

21 In a study conducted by Betty Hart and Todd Risley


(1995), what is the main difference between the way
middle-class parents and welfare parents interact with
their children?

Welfare parents spent more time teaching their


A)
children correct syntax.

Middle-class parents played with their children


B)
more in nonverbal ways.

C)Welfare parents read to their children more.

D)Middle-class parents spoke to their children more.


22 The child's first word is typically uttered at around
months.

A)3 to 6

B)6 to 9

C)9 to 10

D)10 to 15

23 Compared to 100 years ago, children's first words today


are:

A)the same .

B)more likely related to objects than to people.

C)more likely related to people than to objects.

D)more complex.
24 A child's expansive vocabulary is directly correlated with:

A)parents verbally interacting with them.

B)parents' IQ.

C)parents' age.

D)parents' own vocabulary.

25 Aunt Alie is speaking in normal tones until she is handed


her new baby niece. Aunt Alie's voice immediately
changes into a higher pitch, and she begins using baby-
talk phrases like "goo goo" and "ba ba." This change in
Aunt Alie's language behavior provides an example of:

A)echoing.

B)recasting.

C)infant-directed speech
D)morphology.

26 Young infants attend closely to infant-directed speech


because they:

A)are likely to understand the words that are used.

are attracted to the exaggerated intonation


B)
pattern.

remember hearing their mother's voice


C)
prenatally.

D)can only hear higher-pitched sounds.

27 Little Lisa points to a ball and says "Color dat ball." Her
father responds with "What color is the ball?" This is an
example of:

A)echoing.

B)recasting.

motherese.
C)
D)morphology.

28 In the debate over whether the whole-language approach


or the basic-skills-and-phonetics approach is the better
one for teaching children to read:

researchers have found the whole-language


A)
approach to be better.

researchers have found the basic-skills-and-


B)
phonetics approach to be better.

linguistic researchers believe the whole-language


C)approach is better, whereas educators believe the
basic-skills-and-phonetics approach is better.

researchers have not been able to document that


D)
either approach is better.

29 Andrew sees a cat on the lawn, then says to his mother,


"Kitty." The notion that Andrew is using that one word to
imply a whole sentence, such as "That's a kitty," would
be suggestive of the ________ hypothesis.

A)generalization

generativity
B)
C)cognitive

D)holophrase

30 Roger Brown's (1973) concept of mean length of


utterances (MLUs) is an index of:

A)intelligence.

B)cognitive development.

C)language development.

D)creativity.

31 Information currently available about language


development indicates that to encourage language
development, adults should:

A)drill children in proper language use.


B)engage children in meaningful conversation.

C)provide excellent examples of language use.

reinforce children whenever they use language


D)
correctly.

32 Which of the following is true about a child's receptive


vocabulary during the first 2 years of life?

A)It does not develop very much.

B)It equals the child's spoken vocabulary.

C)It exceeds the child's spoken vocabulary.

D)It lags behind the child's holophrase vocabulary.

33 Throughout most of adulthood, he vocabulary of


individuals:

remains stable.
A)
B)continues to increase.

C)begins to decline.

D)becomes distorted.

34 Mary is in second grade and often reverses the letters b,


p, and d when she practices her writing. Mary:

A)has delayed writing skills.

B)is perfectly normal for her age.

C)appears to suffer from dyslexia.

needs to practice her writing skills more


D)
intensively.

35 At what point do individuals begin to understand


metaphors and satire?

middle childhood
A)

B)adolescence

C)early adulthood

D)middle adulthood

36 Gulliver's Travels, by Jonathan Swift, poked fun at the


politics of his day and is considered an outstanding
example of:

A)satire.

B)metaphor.

C)analogy.

D)parsimony.

37 Researchers have found that bilingualism:


has a negative effect on children's cognitive
A)
development.

has a positive effect on children's cognitive


B)
development.

confuses children in regard to language


C)
development.

results in children scoring lower than monolingual


D)
children on intelligence tests.

38 The optimal time for learning a second language is:

A)early to middle childhood.

B)late childhood.

C)adolescence.

D)adulthood.

Submit Answ ers

Potrebbero piacerti anche