Acids

 An acid is any substance that is capable of giving up hydrogen ions.

 Acids neutralize bases to yield salts and water, and they ionize or dissociate

in water.

Bases

 Bases are substances which accept hydrogen ions in a chemical reaction.

 A base is commonly defined as being a substance that dissociates when

dissolved in water to yield hydroxyl ions

Salts

 A salt is an ionic compound containing a positive ion other than the hydrogen

ion and a negative ion other than the hydroxyl or the oxide ion

pH

 The pH state indicates the acidity alkalinity of a solution.

 Definition of pH is the logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen – ion

concentration.

 Scale range is usually 0 to 14. Midpoint is 7.0 and a solution with this pH is

said to be neutral.

 Higher values denote alkalinity, lower values acidity