Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
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6
Source:www.oleosolutions.com
World Oils & Fats: Production in 2013
(189.7 million tonnes)
Animal Fats, 9%
Others, 13%
Coconut Oil, 2% Palm & Palm
Kernel Oil, 33%
Sunflower Oil,
7%
Rapeseed Oil,
13% Soybean Oil,
23%
Oleochemicals: 15%
Biofuels: 2%
Mesocarp
Kernel
Number of Oleochemical Plants & Capacities:
2013 (tonne/year)
State In Operation Not In Operation Under Planning Total
No Capacity No Capacity No Capacity No Capacity
Johore 6 608,900 0 0 0 0 6 608,900
Penang 3 791,325 0 0 0 0 3 791,325
Selangor 6 817,746 0 0 0 0 6 817,746
Other 1 365,000 1 16,000 1 60,000 3 441,000
States
Malaysia 16 2,582,971 1 16,000 1 60,000 18 2,658,971
Palm
Kernel Oil
4% Palm Oil
71%
Soap Noodles
15% Fatty Acids
Glycerine 33%
13%
Methyl Ester
19% Fatty Alcohol
19%
Surfactants Amines
Glycerine
Others …..
~ 20% of world
ETP - target 40% derivatives Additional GNI RM 5.8 billion (2020)
capacity
Global Trends
Green Chemistry
Canola Oil-
based
Polyols
History of Development of Palm based
Polyol in MPOB
• Currently the most common commercially available polyol
PETROLEUM BASED POLYOL
• Global awareness of depleting petroleum resources
Find new type of polyol
• BIO-BASED POLYOL - palm based polyol
• Concept of using palm oil and palm oil products as the
starting material
• Taking the full advantage of natural based product
• Availability of feed stock in this region
R&D Activity
• Early 90s – initiated the R&D
• Process to convert PO EPO Polyol
• Process to convert PO EPO already developed in 80s
• Initially tried to work with Mr Dennis Porter of Natural
Resources Group (UK)
• But things didn’t work out
• Through JICA’s contact - learned about PU formulations
from Mitsui Chemicals
• July 1992 - obtained our first PU mushroom
• Everyone was excited
• 1994 - signed agreement with InterMed Sdn Bhd
• 1996 - patented our process in Malaysia, Indonesia,
Singapore
• 2000, July - commissioned our 1 tonne capacity polyol
pilot plant
Palm Oil-based Polyols
Commissioned in July
2000
Homegrown technology
More polyols
are being
developed
24
Properties of Palm-based Polyols
Palm-based Patent No./Patent
OHV, mg KOH/g Viscosity @ 25ºC, cP
polyol Application No.
US 7,629,478 B2 and CN
PolyMO 180-220 500-1000
1962601B/ PI 20055231
25
Palm Based Polyols
Green & Bio-Polyol Market 2012 vs 2018
Green & Bio-Polyol Market, 2012 vs 2018 Green & Bio-Polyol Market Volume by Type
($ Million) of Polyols, 2012 vs 2018 (Metric tonnes)
1200 1000
1053.3 1023.8 874.4
900
1000 887
800
800 700
Metric tonnes
$ Million
585.1 600
600 496.9 463.9 479.7
500
400 400
300 230.2
200 64.4112.8 144.3
200
0 100
North Europe Asia ROW 0
America Pacific Polyether Polyols Polyester Polyols
2012 2018 2012 2018
Palm Polyurethane
Coatings & Elastomers
Appliances
Feedstocks
Chemically complex polymeric materials
formed by the reaction of isocyanates with
compounds containing active hydrogen
Polyurethane
Usually requires:
Surfactant, catalyst, cross-linking agent and
blowing agent
H R'
O
H O
R N C O R N C O R'
catalyst/heat
30
PU MARKET: Global
36
Palm-Based Coating, Adhesives, Sealants & Elastomers
Interested party