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The rails are firmly attached to the top flange of the gantry
girder by strong clips, preventing the rails from lateral
dislocation due to lateral forces. Cranes may be of the slow
motion type or quick motion type. The crane may be a slow
moving manually or hand operated crane (M.O.T.) or may be
an electrically operated quick acting crane (E.O.T.).
Open
Fig. 11.3 shows the types of rails which are fixed to the top
flange of the gantry girder.
The rails over the gantry girder are firmly fixed to the girder
by bolted clamps or hook at a spacing of 0.50 m to 1 m to
prevent the rail from lateral dislocation due to lateral forces. It
is not usual to weld the rails to the gantry girder since
welding makes it difficult for any readjustment of alignment of
rails. Welding also makes it difficult for any replacement of
worn out rails. The design loads on the gantry girder
depends upon the minimum or the closest approach distance
of the hook from the axis of the gantry girder.
Wheel Base:
Wheel base means the distance between the two wheels
resting on one gantry girder.
The girder is also subject to loads due to its own weight and
the weight of the rails. The weight of the crab and the lift load
is shared by the two gantry girders inversely proportional to
the distances of the crab from the girders. For instance, if the
span of the crane is L and if the crab is at a distance a from
the girder A and W is the weight of crab and lift load the load
transmitted to the girder A (Fig. 11.7).
Open
(b) When the crab drags the load across the floor of the
workshop.
This load will be shared by the two gantry girders if the load
lifted by the crane is at the middle of the workshop.
a = Wheel base
The maximum shear force for the girder will occur when one
wheel load tends to reach a support (Fig. 11.9). For this
condition, maximum shear force-
(ii) Plastic moduli about the z and y axes are determined for
the combined section. In case the top flange of the girder is
laterally supported then the section is checked for the
moment capacity of the entire section. For this condition, the
design bending strength-
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