KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA RAILWAY , GANDHIDHAM

Analysis of Honey

KAPIL NEGI CLASS XII A

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 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this bonafide project work
“ANALYSIS OF HONEY” in the subject of chemistry
has been done by “KAPIL NEGI” of class XII science in
the academic year 2019-20 conducted by CBSE. It is
further certified that this project is the individual
work of the candidate.

Signature: Date:

Teacher's Signature Principal's Signature

Examiner’s Signature

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I hereby acknowledge my deep sense of gratitude and
indebtedness to Chemistry teacher, Mrs. Uzma Khan
and Principal, Shri C.S. Pilkhwal whose immense help,
genius guidance, encouragement, necessary
suggestions, initiations, enthusiasm and inspiration
made this work a master art and a joint enterprise. I
also thank my parents, my friends, who helped me
regarding the selection of my topic for this project.

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INDEX
Contents Page
Aim 5
Requirements 6
Theory 7
Procedure 9
Observation 12
Results 13
Bibliography 14

AIM
To analyze the available honey for
presence of different minerals and
carbohydrates.

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REQUIREMENTS:
APPARATUS
Test Tubes 6-7
Test Tube Stand 1
Burner 1
Water Bath 1
CHEMICALS
Fehling’s Soln. A 2ml
Fehling’s Soln. B 3ml
Ammonium 3ml
Chloride
Ammonium Oxalate 3ml
Ammonium 3ml
Phosphate
Conc. Nitric Acid 3ml
Potassium 3ml
Sulphocyanide
Soln.

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THEORY
Honey, thick, sweet, super saturated
sugar solution manufactured by bees to feed
their larvae and for the subsistence during
winter.

Bee honey is composed of fructose,

glucose and water, in varying proportions. It
also contains several enzymes and oils. The
colour & flavour depends on the age of the
honey and the sources of the nectar. The
coloured honeys are usually of higher
quality than dark coloured honeys. Other
high grade honeys are made by bees from
orange blossoms, clover and Alfalfa. A well
known, poorer grade honey is produced
from buckwheat.

Honey has a fuel value of about 3307

cal/kg [1520 cal/ lbs]. It readily picks up
moisture from the air and is consequently
used as a moistening agent for Tobacco and

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 in baking. Glucose crystallizes out of honey
on standing at room temperature, leaving on
un-crystallized layer of dissolved fructose.
Honey to be marketed is usually heated by a
special process to about 66oC [150.01 F] to
dissolve the crystals and is sealed to prevent
crystallization. The fructose in crystallized
honey ferments readily at about 160C.

PROCEDURE:-
TEST FOR MINERALS:-
1. Test for Potassium:-
2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and
picric acid solution is added. Yellow
precipitate indicates the presence of K+.

2. Test for Calcium:-

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2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and
NH4Cl solution and NH4OH solution are
added to it. The solution is filtered and to the
filtrate 2ml of ammonium oxalate solution is
added. White ppt. or milky indicates the
presence of Ca2+ ions.

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3. Test for Magnesium:-
2 ml of honey is taken in a test tube and
NH4Cl solution is added to it and then excess
of Ammonium phosphate solution is added.
The side of the test tube is scratched with a
glass rod. White precipitate indicates the
presence of Mg2+ ions.

4. Test for Iron:-

2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and a
drop of conc. HNO3 is added and it is heated.
It is cooled and 2-3 drops of Potassium
sulphocyanide solution is added to it. Blood
red colour shows the presence of iron.

TEST FOR CARBOHYDRATES:-

1. Fehling`s test:-

2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and 1ml

each of Fehling`s solution A and Fehling`s
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 solution B are added to it and boiled. Red
precipitate indicates the presence of
reducing sugars.
2. Tollen`s test:-

2-3 ml of aqueous solution of honey is taken

in a test tube. 2-3ml of Tollen`s reagent is
added. The test tube is kept in a boiling
water bath for about ten minutes. A shining
silver mirror indicates the presence of
reducing carbohydrates.

OBSERVATION TABLE:-
SL.
NO TESTS OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Test for Potassium:- Yellow ppt. is Potassium is

Honey + Picric acid present.
observed
1. solution

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 Test for Calcium:-
Honey + NH4Cl soln. + White ppt. or milky
2. NH4OH soln. filtered + is not observed
Calcium is absent.
(NH4)2C2O4

Test for Magnesium:-

White ppt. is not Magnesium is
3. Honey+ NH4OH (till
observed absent.
solution becomes
alkaline) + (NH4)3Po4

Test for Iron:-

Blood red colour is Iron is present.
4. Honey+ conc.HNO3,
observed
heated and cooled, +
potassium sulphocyanide

Fehling`s test:-
Reducing sugar is
Honey + 1ml each of
5. Fehling`s solution A and
Red ppt. is observed present.
Fehling`s solution B

Tollen’s test:- Reducing

Honey + 2-3ml Tollen`s Shining silver
6. reagent, test tube in water mirror is observed
carbohydrate is
present
bath for 10 minutes

REPORT:-
I finally conclude the project with result and
conclusion.
From the above experiment we come to
know that honey is a sweet tasting
substance. It does not only contain sugar

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but also other substance. I have done a
research work on it on the basis of the
experiments and found that-

 Potassium is present.
 Iron is present.
 Calcium is absent.
 Magnesium is absent.
 Honey contains reducing sugar.

Bibliography:-

 www.projects.icbse.com/chemistry
 www.projectsyapa.com/chemistry
 Comprehensive Practical Chemistry
 Google Images
 Praadeep New Course Chemistry

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