BENZENA

DAN
TURUNANANNYA
STRUKTUR BENZENA
 Benzena merupakan senyawa karbon aromatik (CnH2n-6) yang paling lazim
 Rumus molekul : C6H6
 Wujud liquid pada RTP
 Struktur adalah struktur Kekule
 Stabil karena dapat beresonansi dan memiliki ikatan π konjugasi.

TATA NAMA SENYAWA TURUNAN BENZENA

Benzena sebagai alkil

Substitusi ke-2

Substitusi ke-3 menggunakan angka

Prioritas Penamaan gugus fungsi

-COOH > - SO3H > - CHO > - CN > - OH > - NH2 > - R > - NO2 > - X
1. Draw the structures for the following compounds :
a) bromobenzene b) 1,4-dibromobenzene c) phenylamine d) phenol

e) methylbenzene f) 2,4-dichloromethylbenzene g) (dichloromethyl)benzene

h) 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene i) benzoic acid j) methyl benzoate

k) nitrobenzene l) TNT – 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Toluene is the old name for methylbenzene

.
2. Name the following compounds:
Reduction of Nitrobenzene

 Reagent : NaBH4 or HCl with Sn catalyst

 Condition : heat, reflux
 Product : aniline
Formation of diazo salt.

Diazo dye prepare from aniline treated with nitrous acid HNO2 and additional acid, HX (such as HCl or
H2SO4). Usually the nitrous acid is generated in situ (in the same flask) from sodium nitrite and the excess
mineral acid.

Preparation of phenol

Second substitution to benzene ring.