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Hospital building project

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sasi vijayalakshmi, student at sree sowdambika college of engineering

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Published on Oct 18, 2015

It is done in the 7th sem civil engineering design project.

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Published in: Engineering

 Hospital building project

1. 1 PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A HOSPITAL BUILDING A PROJECT REPORT Submitted by SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T
VIJAYALAKSHMI.K MARIYAMMAL.S In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree Of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING SREE SOWDAMBIKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARUPPUKOTTAI. ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600
025 NOV / DEC - 2015
2. 2 PLANNING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A HOSPITAL BUILDING A PROJECT REPORT Submitted by SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T
(921812103036) VIJAYALAKSHMI.K (921812103055) MARIYAMMAL.S (921812103307) In partial fulfillment for the award
of the degree Of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING SREE SOWDAMBIKA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
ARUPPUKOTTAI. ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600 025 NOV / DEC 2015
3. 3 ANNA UNIVERSITY : CHENNAI 600 025 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE Certified that this project report “ PLANNING
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF A HOSPITAL BUILDING” is the bonafide work of “VIJAYALAKSHMI. K SASI VIJAYALAKSHMI.T, ,
MARIYAMMAL.S” who carried out the project work under my supervision. SIGNATURE SIGNATURE Mr. JOHN
SURESHKUMAR. M.E., Mrs. D. GAYATHRI. M.E., HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT, PROJECT GUIDE, Department of Civil Engg.,
Asst. Professor., (civil) Sree Sowdambika College of Engg Sree Sowdambika College of Engg Aruppukottai Aruppukottai
INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER
4. 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At the outset I would like to express my praise and gratitude of God Almighty for his supreme
guidance, strength and ways for accomplishing this project successfully. I reverently thank the Principal Dr.M.Sivakumar
M.Tech.,Ph.D for his prayer. I highly thankMr.C.John Sureshkumar M.E., Head of the Department, Civil Engineering, for
providing necessary facilities for the successful completion of this project work. I sincerely thank Mrs.D.Gayathri M.E.,
Assistant professor, Department of Civil Engineering for her guidance and for providing necessary facilities and
encouragements for the successful completion of this project work. We thank all Assistant professors, Non-teaching
staffs of our department, and our friends who gave encouraged us to complete the project. Sasi vijayalakshmi.T
(921812103036) Vijayalakshmi.K (921812103055) Mariyammal.S (921812103307)
5. 5 ABSTRACT Multispeciality hospital building provides medical service to the people. The main purpose of our project
is satisfies the medical needs of people. In this project we concerned about the plan, analysis and design of
Multispeciality hospital building.The plan of the hospital building is done by using AUTO CADD software. The analysis of
structures were done by using STAAD.Pro as well as IS 456:2000 Code of practice for plain and reinforced cement
concrete. The design of RCC slab, beam, column, footing and stair case is based on working stress method as per IS
456:2000 code.
6. 6 INDEX Tables No List of tables 1 Beam End moment and forces 2 Reinforcement details Figure No. List of figures 1
Site layout 2 Ground floor plan 3 First floor plan 4 Second floor plan 5 Beam and Column position Diagram 6 Model
structure in STAAD.Pro 7 Load application on model structure 8 Bending moment Diagram 9 Shear Force Diagram 10
Displacement diagram of whole structures 11 Reinforcement Details of Footing 12 Reinforcement Details of Column 13
Reinforcement Details of Beam 14 Reinforcement Details of Slab 15 Reinforcement Details of Staircase
7. 7 LIST OF SYMBOLS Symbols Description Unit A Cross section area Mm Ast Area of transverse reinforcement for torsion
Mm2 B Breadth of beam Mm Bp Width of pedestal Mm D Effective width of span Mm D’ Effective depth of span Mm Fck
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete N/mm2 Fy Characteristis strength of steel N/mm2 Ftt Allowable tensile
stress in concrete initial transfer of prestress N/mm2 Fct Allowable compressive stress in concrete initial transfer of
prestress N/mm2 Finf Prestress in concrete at bottom of section (inferior) N/mm2 G Distributed dead load or acceleration
due to gravity KN/m H Overall depth of section Mm L Effective span Mm LL Live load KN/m2 Lp Length of pedestal Mm M
Bending moment KNm Md Design moment (serviceability limit state) KNm Mumax Maximum of moment Mux and Muy
per meter length at the face of pedestal KNm P Prestressing force N/mm2 Pu Net ultimate upward soil pressure KN Q
Live load KN/m2 Qo Allowable bearing capacity of the soil N/mm2 S Spacing of stirrup links Mm V Shear force KN W
Distributed load per unit area KN/m2 We Weight of soil KN/m3 Symbols Description Unit Xu Neutral axis depth Mm Ʈc
Ultimate shear stress in concrete N/mm2 Ʈv Shear stress due to transverse shear N/mm2
8. 8 Ʈuc Shear stress of concrete in footing N/mm2 SL.NO CHAPTER NO CONTENTS Acknowledgement Abstract List of
Tables List of Figures List of Symbols 1 1 Introduction 2 1.1.General 3 1.1.1.Soil investigation 4 1.1.2.Specification of
structure 5 1.1.3.Code provisions 6 1.2.Objectives and methodology 7 1.3.Analysis of Framed Structure 8 1.3.1.Method of
Analysis 9 1.3.2.Maximum BM in Beams & Columns 10 1.4.Design of RCC Framed Structural Elements 11 1.4.1.Footing 12
1.4.2.Column 13 1.4.3.Beam 14 1.4.4.Slab 15 1.4.5.Staircases 16 2 Plan 17 2.1.Faclilities in Ground floor 18 2.2.Facilities
in First, Second & Third floor 19 3 Analysis of Framed Structure 20 3.1.Technical data 21 3.1.1.Loads acting on the
Analysis structure 22 3.1.2.Super structure dimensions 23 3.1.3.Soil characteristics 24 3.1.4.Foundation 25
3.1.5.Structural system 26 3.1.6.Building details 27 3.1.7.Material specification 28 3.2.Load calculation
9. 9 29 3.3.STAAD.Pro Reports 30 4 Design of Structural Elements 31 4.1.Design of slab 32 4.2.Design of beams 33
4.3.Design of Columns 34 4.4.Design of Staircase 35 4.5.Design of Footing 36 5 Conclusion 37 6 Bibliography
10. 10 CHAPTER – 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1.GENERAL: We will propose to construct a Multispeciality hospital building in
Tenkasi (near Tenkasi to Madurai road). 1.1.1.SOIL INVESTIGATION: The safe bearing capacity of the soil is found as 200
KN/m2 . The depth of the footing is taken to 1.5m, the rectangular footing is to be designed. 1.1.2.SPECIFICATION OF
STRUCTURES:  The building roof is designed as RCC.  All the framed structure like column,footing,beam,lintels and roof
are designed in working stress methods and IS 456:2000. Grade of concrete M20, Grade of steel Fe 415.  The flooring
concrete of plain cement concrete using broken stone will be finished with marbles.  All the surface will be plastered
and all ceiling areas.  Weathering coarse will be provided with brick jelly and lime concrete, top finished with flat tiles. 
All the joineries like doors, windows and ventilators are designed to meet the standard code provisions.
11. 11  Lump sum provisions have been made towards the sanitary arrangements, electrification, elevation and water
supply arrangements, supplying and fixing of furnitures and petty supervision charges. 1.1.3.CODE PROVISIONS:  IS
456:2000  NATIONAL BUILDING CODE 1970 1.2.OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY The objectives of our project are  To
prepare architectural and structural drawings.  To analysis a Multispeciality hospital building (G+2) storied using
STAAD.Pro  To design a Multispeciality hospital building is (G+2).
12. 12 The methodology is given in the following flow chart, SELECTION OF SITE SURVEYING AUTO CAD DRAWING
ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE DESIGN OF STRUCTURE RESULT AND DISCUSSION
13. 13 1.3.ANALYSIS OF FRAMED STRUCTURE: The method by which multispeciality hospital building frames resist
horizontal lateral forces depends upon how the structures has be laid down or planned to bear these loads.
1.3.2.MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENTS IN BEAMS AND COLUMNS: The magnitude of bending moments in beams and
columns depends upon their relative rigidity. Generally the beams and columns are made of the same dimension in alla
floors. Beams and columns are made of the same dimension and provided. 1.4.DESIGN OF RCC FRAMED STRUCTURES:
Reinforced cement concrete members can be designed by one of the following methods. A) Limit state method. B)
Working stress method. 1.4.B.WORKING STRESS METHOD: This is conventional method adopted in the past in the
design of R.C. structures. It is based on the elastic theory in which materials, concrert and steel, are assumed to be
stressed well above their elastic limit under the load. 1.4.1.SLABS: A slab is a thin flexible member used in floors and
roofs of structures to support the imposed load.
14. 14 Slabs are the primary members of a structure,which supports the imposed loads directly on them and transfer
the same safely to the supporting elements such as beams,walls, columns etc. 1.4.2.BEAMS: A beam has to be
generally designed for the actions such as bending moments, shear forces and twisting moments developed by the
lateral loads. The size of the beam is designed considering the maximum bending moment in it and generally kept
uniform throughout its length. IS 456 2000 recommends that maximum grade of concrete should not be less than M25
in R.C. works. 1.4.2.1.BREADTH OF BEAMS: It shall not exceed the size of the supports.Generally the breadth of beam
is kept as 1/3 of its depth. 1.4.2.2.DEPTH OF BEAMS: The depth of beams is to be designed to satisfy the strength and
stiffness requirements. It also satisfies sufficient M.R. and deflection check as recommendeb in IS 456:2000. For
preliminary analysis purpose over II depth of beam may assumed to be 1/10 of clear span for simply supported and 1/7
to 1/5 for continuous and cantilever beam. 1.4.3.COLUMN: Members in compression are called are columns or struts.
15. 15 The term “column” is reserved for members who transfer loads to the ground. The column is classified in two
based on the slenderness ratio, they are short column and long column. End condition Effective length factor 1.Both end
fixed - 0.65L 2.One end fixed, one end hinged - 0.80L 3.Both ends hinged - 1.00L 4.One end fixed other end free - 2.0L
1.4.4.FOOTINGS: Foundation is the bottom most important component of a structure. It should be well planned and
carefully done to ensure the safety and stability of the strucuture. Foundation provided for R.C. column are called
columb base. 1.4.4.1.BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF FOOTING: It should withstand the applied load moments and induced
reactions. Sufficient area should be provided according to soil pressure. 1.4.5.STAIRCASES:
16. 16 Stairway,staircase or simply stairs for a construction designed to bridge a large vertical distance by dividing it
into smaller vertical distances called steps. Stairs may be straight,round, or may consist of two or more straight pieces
connected at angles. The step is composed of the tread and riser TREAD: It is constructed to the same specifications as
any other flooring. The tread depth is measured from the outer edge of the step to the vertical riser between steps. The
width is measured from one side to the other. RISER: The vertical portion between each treads on the stair. This may be
missing for an open stair effect.
17. 17 CHAPTER – 2 PLAN 2.1.FACILITIES IN GROUND FLOOR: The ground floor consists of scan room emergency ward
and ramp facilities are provided. 2.2.FACILITIES IN FIRST, SECOND & THIRD FLOOR: The first,second floor consist of
intensive care unit, operation theatre and ramp facilities provided.
18. 18
19. 19
20. 20
21. 21
22. 22 CHAPTER – 3 ANALYSIS OF FRAMED STRUCTURE The method by which multispeciality hospital building frames
resist horizontal lateral forces depends upon how the structures has be laid down or planned to bear these loads.
3.1.TECHNICAL DETAILS: 3.1.1.LOADS ACTING ON THE ANALYSIS STRUCTURE: 1.DEAD LOAD: Self weight = -1KN/m2
2.LIVE LOAD: For floor slabs = 2 KN/m2 For roof slabs = 1.5 KN/m2 For staircase = 4 KN/m2 3.LOAD COMBINATION: Load
combination = (1.5 D.L) + (1.5 L.L) 3.1.2.SUPER STRUCTURE DIMENSIONS: Floor wall thickness = 250mm Parapet wall
thickness = 250mm Parapet wall height = 800mm
23. 23 Slab thickness = 150mm Column size = 250mm x 500mm BEAM SIZE: Rectangular beam = 500mm x 250mm
Depth of beam = 500mm Breadth of web = 250mm DEAD LOADS: Floor finishes load = 0.6 KN/m2 Weathering coarse =
1 KN/m2 LIVE LOADS: Live load on slab = 5 KN/m2 Live load on roof = 3 KN/m2 3.1.3.SOIL CHARACTERISTICS: Soil
consistency = Hard strata Bearing capacity = 200 KN/m2 3.1.4.FOUNDATION: Size = 250mm x 500mm
24. 24 3.1.5.STRUCTURE SYSTEM: Type of building = Multispeciality HospitType of structure = R.C.C. Framed structure
Wall = Brick masonry 3.1.6.BUILDING DETAILS: Build up area = 759 mm2 Ground floor height = 3.5 m First floor height =
3.5 m Second floor height = 3.5 m 3.1.7.MATERIAL SAPECIFICATIONS: Grade of concrete = M20 Grade of steel = Fe 415
3.2.LOAD CALCULATIONS: ROOF SLAB Self weight of slab = 0.17 x 25 = 4.25 KN/m2 LL on slab = 5 = 5 KN/m2 Total load
= 9.25 KN/m2 BEAM Self weight of beam = 0.5 x 0.25x25 = 3.1 KN/m
25. 25 B/W wall load = 0.25 x 1x20 = 5 KN/m Total load = = 8.1 KN/m
26. 26 3.3.STAAD.Pro Reports STAAD.Pro inputs 1. STAAD SPACE 2. INPUT FILE: MARIES 2.STD 3. START JOB
INFORMATION 4. 3. ENGINEER DATE 08-OCT-15 5. END JOB INFORMATION 6. 5. INPUT WIDTH 79 7. UNIT METER KN 8.
JOINT COORDINATES 9. 1 43.4632 74.7745 22.75; 2 43.4632 74.7745 0; 3 39.0882 74.7745 22.75 10. 4 71.8382 74.7745
22.75; 5 61.4632 74.7745 15; 6 61.4632 74.7745 22.75 11. 7 55.4632 74.7745 15; 8 55.4632 74.7745 22.75; 9 49.3382
74.7745 17.75 12. 10 49.3382 74.7745 22.75; 11 47.5882 74.7745 18.5 13. 12 39.0882 74.7745 18.5; 13 39.0882
74.7745 0; 14 47.5882 74.7745 14. 14.25 13. 15 39.0882 74.7745 14.25; 16 39.0882 74.7745 10; 17 49.3382 74.7745
10 15. 18 71.8382 74.7745 0; 19 47.5882 74.7745 0; 20 47.5882 74.7745 10 16. 21 52.8382 74.7745 0; 22 52.8382
74.7745 10; 23 57.0882 74.7745 0 17. 24 57.0882 74.7745 10; 25 63.3382 74.7745 0; 26 63.3382 74.7745 10 18. 27
67.5882 74.7745 0; 28 67.5882 74.7745 10; 29 39.0882 74.7745 8.26671 19. 30 71.8382 74.7745 8.26671; 31 71.8382
74.7745 10 19. 32 67.5882 74.7745 22.75; 33 61.4632 74.7745 10; 34 55.4632 74.7745 10 20. 35 47.5882 74.7745
22.75; 36 47.5882 74.7745 15; 37 71.8382 74.7745 15 21. 38 47.5882 74.7745 17.75; 39 71.8382 74.7745 17.75 22. 40
39.0882 74.7745 4.13699; 41 71.8382 74.7745 4.13699 23. 42 52.3382 74.7745 10; 43 52.3382 74.7745 17.75 23. 44
52.3382 74.7745 22.75; 45 58.4632 74.7745 15 24. 46 58.4632 74.7745 22.75; 47 58.4632 74.7745 10; 48 64.4632
74.7745 10
27. 27 25. 49 64.4632 74.7745 15; 50 64.4632 74.7745 22.75 26. 51 43.4632 78.2745 22.75; 52 43.4632 78.2745 0 27.
53 39.0882 78.2745 22.75; 54 71.8382 78.2745 22.75 28. 55 61.4632 78.2745 15; 56 61.4632 78.2745 22.75; 57
55.4632 78.2745 15 29. 58 55.4632 78.2745 22.75; 59 49.3382 78.2745 17.75 30. 60 49.3382 78.2745 22.75; 61
47.5882 78.2745 18.5 31. 62 39.0882 78.2745 18.5; 63 39.0882 78.2745 0; 64 47.5882 78.2745 14.25 32. 65 39.0882
78.2745 14.25; 66 39.0882 78.2745 10; 67 49.3382 78.2745 10 33. 88 47.5882 78.2745 17.75; 89 71.8382 78.2745
17.75 34. 90 39.0882 78.2745 4.13699; 91 71.8382 78.2745 4.13699 35. 92 52.3382 78.2745 10; 93 52.3382 78.2745
17.75 36. 94 52.3382 78.2745 22.75; 95 58.4632 78.2745 15 37. 96 58.4632 78.2745 22.75; 97 58.4632 78.2745 10; 98
64.4632 78.2745 10 38. 99 64.4632 78.2745 15; 100 64.4632 78.2745 22.75 39. MEMBER INCIDENCES 40. 35 1 51; 36 2
52; 37 3 53; 38 4 54; 39 5 55; 40 6 56; 41 7 57; 42 8 58 41. 43 9 59; 44 10 60; 45 11 61; 46 12 62; 47 13 63; 48 14 64; 49
15 65 42. 50 16 66; 51 17 67; 52 18 68; 53 19 69; 54 20 70; 55 21 71; 56 22 72 43. 57 23 73; 58 24 74; 59 25 75; 60 26
76; 61 27 77; 62 28 78; 63 29 79 44. 64 30 80; 65 31 81; 66 32 82; 67 33 83; 68 34 84; 69 35 85; 70 36 86 45. 71 37 87;
72 38 88; 73 39 89; 74 40 90; 75 41 91; 76 42 92; 77 43 93 46. 78 44 94; 79 45 95; 80 46 96; 81 47 97; 82 48 98; 83 49
99; 84 50 100 47. 85 51 52; 86 53 54; 87 55 56; 88 57 58; 89 59 60; 90 61 62; 91 63 53 48. 92 64 65; 93 66 67; 94 68 63;
95 69 70; 96 71 72; 97 73 74; 98 75 76 49. 99 77 78; 100 68 54; 101 79 80; 102 67 81; 103 78 82; 104 83 55 50. 105 84
57; 106 67 59; 107 85 70; 108 86 87; 109 88 89; 110 90 91 51. 111 92 93; 112 93 94; 113 95 96; 114 97 95; 115 98 99;
116 99 100 52. ELEMENT INCIDENCES SHELL 53. 117 53 63 69 85; 118 85 54 68 69 54. ELEMENT PROPERTY 55. 117 118
THICKNESS 0.15
28. 28 56. DEFINE MATERIAL START 57. ISOTROPIC CONCRETE 58. E 2.17185E+007 59. POISSON 0.17 60. DENSITY
23.5616 61. ALPHA 1E-005 62. DAMP 0.05 63. END DEFINE MATERIAL 64. MEMBER PROPERTY 65. 35 TO 84 PRIS YD 0.5
ZD 0.25 66. 85 TO 116 PRIS YD 0.25 ZD 0.25 67. CONSTANTS 68. MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL 69. SUPPORTS 70. 1 TO 50
FIXED 71. LOAD 1 LOADTYPE NONE TITLE LOAD CASE 1. 72. SELFWEIGHT Y -1 73. LOAD 2 LOADTYPE NONE TITLE LOAD
CASE 2 74. ELEMENT LOAD 75. 117 118 PR GY -5.5 76. LOAD COMB 3 COMBINATION LOAD CASE 3 77. 1 1.5 2 1.5 78.
UNIT MMS NEWTON 79. PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL 80. FINISH
29. 29
30. 30
31. 31 Beam maximum moments
32. 32
33. 33
34. 34 Reinforcement details
35. 35 CHAPTER – 4 DESIGN OF RC STRUCTURAL MEMBERS 4.1.DESIGN OF SLABS: 4.1.1.DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB: Lx =
5m and LY = 8m IDENTIFICATION OF SLAB: LY/LX = 8/5 = 1.6<2 This is two way slab. CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE
DEPTH: Span/Effective depth = 20 Effective depth = 5000/20 = 250mm Cover = 20mm Overall depth = 270mm
CALCULATION OF LOAD: Self weight = 0.27x25 = 6.75KN/m2
36. 36 Floor finishes = 0.6KN/m2 Live load = 3KN/m2 Total load = 10KN/m2 Ultimate load = 1.5x10 = 15KN/m2
CALCULATION OF BENDING MOMENT: Mu = Wleft 2 /8 = 15x5.22 /8 = 50.7 KNm Shear force = wl/2 = 15x5.2/2 = 39KN
CHECK FOR DEPTH PROVIDED: Mumax = 0.138xfckxbd2 50.76x106 = 0.138x20x1000xd2 D = 135mm < 250mm Hence
safe. REINFORCEMENTS: Mu = 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-((Astxfy)/(bdfck)
37. 37 50.7x106 = 0.87x415xAstx250 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x250) Ast = 590mm2 Provide 12mm dia bars Spacing =
1000 x ast / Ast = 190 mm Ast pro = 595 mm2 % of steel = Ast x 100/ bd Ast min = 0.12 % of GA = 0.12 x 1000 x 250 /
100 = 300 mm2 Ast pro > Ast req Hence safe. CHECK FOR SHEAR: Shear force = Vu / bd = 39 x 103 / 1000 x 250 =
0.156 N/mm2 Ʈc = 0.22 N/mm2 Ʈc > Ʈv
38. 38 Hence safe in shear.
39. 39 DESIGN OF RAMP SLAB 4.1.2.DESIGN OF TWO WAY SLAB: Lx = 5m and LY = 8m IDENTIFICATION OF SLAB: LY/LX =
8/5 = 1.6<2 This is two way slab. CALCULATION OF EFFECTIVE DEPTH: Span/Effective depth = 20 Effective depth =
5000/20 = 250mm Cover = 20mm Overall depth = 270mm CALCULATION OF LOAD: Self weight = 0.27x25 = 6.75KN/m2
Floor finishes = 0.6KN/m2 Live load = 3KN/m2
40. 40 Total load = 10KN/m2 Ultimate load = 1.5x10 = 15KN/m2 CALCULATION OF BENDING MOMENT: Mu = Wleft 2 /8 =
15x5.22 /8 = 50.7 KNm Shear force = wl/2 = 15x5.2/2 = 39KN CHECK FOR DEPTH PROVIDED: Mumax = 0.138xfckxbd2
50.76x106 = 0.138x20x1000xd2 D = 135mm < 250mm Hence safe. REINFORCEMENTS: Mu = 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-
((Astxfy)/(bdfck) 50.7x106 = 0.87x415xAstx250 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x250) Ast = 590mm2
41. 41 Provide 12mm dia bars Spacing = 1000 x ast / Ast = 190 mm Ast pro = 595 mm2 % of steel = Ast x 100/ bd Ast
min = 0.12 % of GA = 0.12 x 1000 x 250 / 100 = 300 mm2 Ast pro > Ast req Hence safe. CHECK FOR SHEAR: Shear force
= Vu / bd = 39 x 103 / 1000 x 250 = 0.156 N/mm2 Ʈc = 0.22 N/mm2 Ʈc > Ʈv Hence safe in shear.
42. 42 DESIGN OF BEAM Beam size = 250mm x 500mm B = 250mm D = 500mm D’ = 30mm Mu = 130 KNm fck = 20
N/mm2 fy = 415 N/mm2 CALCULATION OF DEPTH: Effective cover = 30mm Effective depth = 500 – 30 = 470mm CHECK
FOR DEPTH PROVIDED: Mu = k. fck b dreq 2 130 x 106 = 0.138 x 20 x 250 x dreq 2 D = 435mm Effective depth =
435mm
43. 43 Overall depth = 465mm CALCULATION OF BOTTOM TENSION REINFORCEMENT: Mu/bd2 = 134 x 106 / 250 x 4652
= 2.6 N/mm2 Pt = 0.92 0.92 = 100 x Asrreq /( bd) Ast req = 1150 mm2 CHECK FOR REINFORCEMENT: Ast min/bd = 0.85
/ fy Astmin/ (250 x 500) = 0.85 / 415 Astmin = 256 mm2 Ast req > Astmin Hence safe. DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT: 16
mm dia Fe 415 HYSD bars No.of bars = Total area of bars/ Area of 1 bar = 1150 / (π/4 x 162 ) = 6 bars 25mm = 2 bars
44. 44 Provide 6 #16mm dia Fe 415 bars @ the bottom of the main tension reinforcement Astpro = N x area of one bar =
6 x (π/4) x 162 = 1206.37 mm2 Ast pro > Ast req Hence safe. NOMINAL REINFORCEMENT AT THE TOP: Provide 2 # 12
mm dia bars @ the top of the beam. The top of the beam as nominal bars for stirrups. CHECK FOR SHEAR: Shear force in
the beam = 85 KN Ʈv = Vu/bd = 0.68 N/mm2 100 As/bd = 0.5 N/mm2 Ʈc = 0.3 N/mm2 Ʈc max = 1.8 N/mm2 Ʈv > Ʈc <
Ʈc max
45. 45 CHECK FOR DEFLECTION: L/D max = (L/D) basic x Kt x Kc x Kf Fs = 0.58 x 415 x (256/1150) = 53.58 Kt = 1.5 (L/D)
provided = 8.6 (L/D) max = 20 x Kt = 30 (L/D) max > (L/D) provided Hence safe.
46. 46 DESIGN OF COLUMN Size = 500mm x 250mm Length = 4.75 m = 4750 mm Effective length = 0.8 L = 0.8 x 4.75
= 3.8 m CHECK FOR SLENDERNESS RATIO: Slenderness ratio = Le / b = 3.8 / 0.5 = 7.6 < 12 Slenderness ratio = Le / d =
3.8 / 0.25 = 15.2 m Hence it is a short column. CALCULATION OF Ag: Pu = 0.4 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Ast Ag = 500 x 250 mm2
Axial load = 1250 KN
47. 47 Ultimate load = 1.5 x 1250 = 1875 KN 1875 x 103 = 0.4 x 20 x (12500 – Asc) + ( 0.67 x 415 x Asc) Asc = 3301.2
mm2 No of bars = 10 nos Provide 40mm clear cover Provide 20 mm dia bars @ 100mm DESIGN OF DISTRIBUTION
REINFORCEMENT: Dist greater of = 1 x 20 / 4 = 5 mm = 6mm dia 6 mm ties are provided PITCH: Least lateral dimension
= 250 mm = 16 x dia of bars = 16 x 20 = 320 mm Provide 6mm dia bar ties @ 300 mm C/C
48. 48
49. 49 DESIGN OF STAIRCASE No. of steps in flight = 10 Thread = 300mm Rise = 150mm Width of landing beam =
300mm EFFECTIVE SPAN: L = ( no. of steps x tread) + width of landing beam) = ( 10 x 300 ) + 300 = 3300mm Tk of
waist slab = span/20 = 3300/20 = 165mm LOADS: D.L of slab on slope, ws = tkx1x25 = 1.65 x 25 x 1 = 4125 KN/m D.L.
on horizontal span, w = ws (T2 + R2 )1/2 /T = 4125 ( 3002 + 1502 )1/2 /300
50. 50 = 4611.8 N/mm D.L. on one step = ½ x b x h x 25 = ½ x 0.3 x 0.15 x 25 = 0.5625 KN/m Loads on stesps per m
length = D.L. on one step x 1000/T = 0.5625 x 1000 /300 = 1.875 KN/m Finishes = 0.6 KN/m Total D.L. = 4.6 + 1.875 +
0.6 = 7.075 KN/m Live load = 5 KN/m Total load = 7.075 + 5 = 12.075 KN/m Ultimate load = 18.11 KN/m BENDING
MOMENT: Mu = Wul2 /8 = 18.11 x 3.32 /8 = 24.65 KNm CHECK FOR DEPTH OF WAIST SLAB:
51. 51 D = ( Mu / (0.138 fck b))1/2 = 94.5 mm Cover = 20mm Effective depth = 165 – 20 – 10/2 = 140mm
REINFORCEMENT: Mu = 0.87xfyxAstxd (1-((Astxfy)/(bdfck) 24.65x106 = 0.87x415xAstx140 (1-((415xAst)/(1000x20x140)
= 529.16 mm2 Provide 12 mm dia bars Spacing = 1000 x π/4 x 122 / 529.16 = 220 mm Dis. Reinforcement = o.12 % of
GA = 0.12 x 1000 x 165 /100 = 198 mm2 Provide 8mm dia bars Spacing = 1000 x π/4 x 82 / 198
52. 52 = 250 mm
53. 53 DESIGN OF FOOTING Footing type = Rectangular type footing Size of the column = 500mm x 250mm Axial load =
1250 KN Safe bearing capacity = 200 KN/m3 Self weight of footing = 125 KN Total factored load = 1375 KN Footing area
= 1375 / (1.15 x 185) = 6.46 KN/m2 PROPOTION OF THE FOOTING AREA: (2.5x ) X 5x = 6.46 12.5x2 = 6.46 X = 0.71
Short side of footing = 2.5 x 0.71 Long side of footing = 5 x 0.71 Rectangular footing = 2m x 4m SOIL PRESSURE: Pu =
1250 / (2 x 4)
54. 54 = 156.2 KN/m2 FACTORED BENDING MOMENT: Bending moment @ short side = 0.5Pul2 = 239.18 KNm Bending
moment @ long side = 0.5pul2 = 59.79 KNm Projection @ short side = 0.5 (4 – 0.5) = 1.75m Projection @ long side =
0.5 (2 – 0.25) = 0.875m DESIGN CONSIDERATION: Mu = 0.138 fck bd2 D = (Mu / (0.138 fck b)1/2 = 294.76 mm SHEAR
CONSIDERATION: Vu = 156.2 ( 1275-d) C = Vu / bd 0.36 = 156.2 (1275 – d) / (1000 x d) D = 380 mm Overall depth =
400 mm REINFORCEMENT IN FOOTING: LONGER DIRECTION: Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d (1 – (fyAst /(bd fck)))
55. 55 Ast = 1956 mm2 Provide 16mm dia bars Spacing = 100 mm SHORTER DIRECTION: Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d (1 – (fyAst
/(bd fck))) Ast = 446 mm2 Ration of longer to shorter span = 4/2 = 2 Reinforcement in central band width 2m = ( 2/
B+1) Ast = (2/1.5+1)x2x446 = 713.6mm2 Provide 12 mm dia bars Ast min = 0.12 x 1000 x 400 / 100 = 480 mm2
Spacing = 150 mm CHECK FOR SHEAR STRESS: Mu = 156.2 x 0.7 = 109.3 KNm
56. 56 100 x Ast / bd = 100 x 1956 / 1000 x 380 = 0.51 Vu / bd = 109.3 x 103 / 1000 x 380 = 0.28 N/mm2
57. 57 CHAPTER – 5 CONCLUSION  The plan was drawn by Auto – cad 2007  The analysis of the structure was done by
using STAAD – PRO software.  The structural elements are designed by using working stress method and IS 456 – 2000
code provision  The design project was helped as to acquire knowledge about the various analysis and design concept
 and code provision.
58. 58 CHAPTER – 6 BIBILIOGRAPHY 1. “Design of Reinforced Concrete” by N.Krishnaraju. 2. “Soil Mechanics and
Foundation Engineering” by P.C.Punmia. 3. “Prestressed Concrete” by Ramamarutham.

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