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Chandramouli P

SME for Geospatial Technologies


Agenda

1
Introducing municipal waste
collection using smart
techniques

2 Applying the 3 R Methodology


for zero waste.

3
Considering smart
techniques to turn ‘waste’
into resource

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Wiki’s definition

• Waste and wastes are unwanted or unusable materials.


Waste is any substance which is discarded after primary
use, or it is worthless, defective and of no use (1).

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Hyderabad Survey Speaks

• The survey commissioned by GHMC -


“Hyderabad city generates 3,800 metric
tonnes of municipal solid waste per day(2).

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Conventional Collection Criteria

< 50%
filled

Note: Garbage
collection van stops at
all garbage bin
location, irrespective of
volume of garbage.

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Proposal for smart waste collection

• Placing the sensor based static


Waste collection garbage bins.
(inbuilt crusher)
• Geo-tagging of the bins.
• Create an app with Google
Maps as a background layer.
• Import all the geo-tagged
points into our application.

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Proposed Structure of Smart Garbage Bin

Level
Indicator
Sensor
Unit Crush
unit

After 3 successful
crushes sensor will
Storage
start emitting the
Unit signal to GIS server

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The old versus new

• Replace existing dustbins with new Wi-Fi enabled


sensor based garbage bins.

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Smart Garbage Bin - Pros

Easy Collection Decision Support

Minimal time Ad Support

Optimizes Clean Environs


resources

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Smart Reporting
Status report
of garbage
bins

Avg. time spent by each garbage vehicle


per week.
Avg. route covered each garbage
vehicle per week.
Avg. volume of garbage collection per
week.
Digital asset maintenance
Optimum utilization of resources
Analysis and predictions on urban
agglomeration

Some examples of smart dashboard


metrics

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Snapshot of a Smart Dashboard (3,4)

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Advanced Driver Assistance System (5)

Bin sends a message to nearest collection vehicle


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Garbage bins - Today

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Garbage bins - Tomorrow

Text LED
Display

LED Display

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Technology behind the smart bin

• Internet of things (IoT) is a new generation technology


which allows integration of small device/gadgets with
web based system.
• Mechanism :- The device send signals through sensors
using constraint application protocol (CoAP), message
Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT), GSM Module etc.
And interact with the web based system using the HTTP
protocol.

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Initial household collection

SaySay
yesNo
to to mixed waste
3 Separate bins

Plastic waste Food waste Other waste

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3 R’s Methodology

• REDUCE
 Examples: Use less.. Buy less.. Avoid waste.. Turn off lights.. Take
shorter showers.. Carpool!
• REUSE
 Examples: Use things more than once.. Use cloth shopping bags..
Repair.. Try travel mugs.. Compost!
• RECYCLE
 Separate waste materials so that the recyclable product can be
transformed into something new!

• Still, if you have the waste..

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Give New life for the Waste

Municipal
Waste

Reduce
Reuse

Recycle

Use less Waste

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Power plant (6, 7)

• A waste-to-energy plant is a waste Click


management facility that combusts wastes Me
to produce electricity. This type of power
plant is sometimes called a trash-to-
energy, municipal waste incineration,
energy recovery, or resource recovery
plant.
• The typical range of net electrical energy
that can be produced is about 500 to 600
kWh of per ton of waste incinerated. Thus,
the incineration of about 2,200 tons per
day of waste will produce about 50 MW of
electrical power.

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Plastic Roads

The following types of waste plastic can be used in the


construction of rural roads:
• Films ( Carry Bags, Cups) thickness up to 60micron (PE,
PP and PS)
• Hard foams (PS) any thickness Click Me

• Soft Foams (PE and PP) any thickness.


• Laminated Plastics thickness up to 60 micron
(Aluminum coated also) packing materials used for
biscuits, chocolates, etc.,
• Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) sheets or Flux sheets should
not be used in any case(8).
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BIO GAS

• Using bio-methanisation technology all domestic bio


waste including wastewater can be treated hygienically
and biogas, a very good cooking fuel is produced. This
helps to prevent the tendency to throw the waste
materials in roads and public places. Generation of
cooking gas at house hold level helps to overcome fuel
crisis to a great extent(9). Click Me

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References
1. https://en.wikipedia.org
2. http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/only-12-per-cent-city-
waste-recycled/article487072.ece
3. http://www.universalecoservices.com/wastemanagement_in_kerala.cfm
4. https://www.epa.gov/smm/advancing-sustainable-materials-management-
facts-and-figures
5. http://www.klarifi.co.uk/case-study.html
6. https://sweden.se/nature/the-swedish-recycling-revolution/
7. https://en.reset.org/blog/sweden-buying-garbage-european-neighbours-
07082014
8. https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2016/jun/30/plastic-
road-india-tar-plastic-transport-environment-pollution-waste
9. http://www.biogas-india.com/
10. http://envfor.nic.in/sites/default/files/Waste%20Management%20Rules,%2
02016.pdf
11. http://heathersanimations.com/flowersone.html

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Thank you

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