Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
In the past, the data have been difficult to obtain as expensive manual methods were needed to gather information from license plate sur
operations center, such as with automatic vehicle location technology, may allow OD data to be collected and acted upon in real time. In
2.3.3.2 Turning Movements
Turning movement data define the volume or percent of traffic turning left, right, or traveling straight through an intersection approach. To
computer. Left and right turn and through movements at each intersection are typically counted separately for each approach and for eac
Detector imaging techniques are being developed to permit automatic recording of intersection turning movements. This will allow data to
than with the manual method. Potentially, the resulting real–time data can significantly enhance the value of on–line control algorithms.
2.3.4 Composition and Classification Measures
Many traffic management strategies, including those for IVHS, require the identification of individual vehicles and their length, weight, or
fares for automatic toll collection, as well as law enforcement actions related to stolen vehicles, highoccupancy vehicle (HOV) violations,
commercial vehicle operations through automatic identification, weighinmotion, and hazardous material tracking.
Because of requirements to provide a broad spectrum of vehicle data, classification data can best be obtained through automatic vehicle
universally deployed, other means of vehicle detection and data gathering will continue to be used. Three types of vehicle classification c
2.3.4.1 Functional Classification Data
Vehicles are frequently classified according to their function, such as passenger cars, vans, trucks, and buses. Some inductive loops, cou
from the unique signatures they produce while passing over the detector. Traffic signal systems with a bus priority feature have demonstr
The number of passengers per vehicle is another type of vehicle function data that may be required for HOV planning, lane enforcement
future type of invehicle sensortransmitter combination could sense the number of seats occupied and transmit the data via vehicletoro
communications device and, hence, to the operations center. Another approach to obtaining the number of passengers per vehicle may b
could be conceivably ascertained, while simultaneously observing privacy considerations that may be demanded by the public.
2.3.4.2 Configurational Classification
Tolls are often assessed based on the configuration of the vehicles passing through the toll plaza. Historically, separate schedules are de
axles. Overheight, overwidth, and overweight vehicles also need to be identified for safety and structural reasons. By tradition, these data
tags, automatic classification and billing is technically feasible, especially for commercial vehicles. Because of the monetary aspects of to
applications.
Improved commercial vehicle operations (CVO) are also obtained by expediting vehicle identification, for example, by using optical detec
Advantage I75 and Crescent are two projects evaluating methods for improving CVO. The technologies demonstrated include vehicle–t
paper work for trucks traveling between regions covered by the system.
Advantage I75 uses a decentralized management approach and automatic vehicle identification to allow mainline preclearance of comm
License Plate), a longterm program to develop and use automatic vehicle classification, weighinmotion, onboard computers, and beaco
monitor vehicle weights.
2.3.4.3 Weight Classification Data
The primary uses of vehicle weight information are to ensure the safety of roadway structures such as bridges and viaducts and to ensur
traditionally required that data be obtained at truck inspection stations operated by highway police. Since enhanced commercial vehicle o
The same weight data required for enforcement are also valuable in updating planning and design information related to bridge liveload