Principles, Methods and Materials in ELT

Final Examination
First Semester 2019-2020

Name: __________________________________________________________________________________ Date: __________________________

1. Choose 3 of the time-tested methods and an appropriate subject matter for each particular method.

a. Explain why such method is best used for your chosen topic.

b. Give teaching principles that may be applied in the teaching of this lesson and in using these methods.

c. What innovations may be incorporated to make these more meaningful and interesting for the learners?

While the different teaching innovations in terms of instructional delivery continue to unfold as a response to
the changing needs of the learners, the time-tested methods has remained as these have proven to effect
success in the teaching and learning process when used appropriately. Among these time tested methods are
the inductive method, the deductive method and the lecture method.

The inductive method may be used in distinguishing facts from opinions among graders. In this method, the
teacher starts with examples then ask the learners to arrive at a principle or generalization by carefully
analyzing the examples given. In teaching this lesson using the inductive method, the principle that is being
applied is that students learn more effectively when they are able to make meanings, explanations and
relationships of ideas that are presented to them. Moreover, the principle of active learning is also evident in
this type of method.

The deductive method on the other hand, may be used in delivering a lesson on the subject-verb agreement.
Using this method, the learners are given the rules first, then examples, then practice. The principles that may
be applied here is that learning is enhanced when there is collaboration and cooperation among the learners,
as this may be done through group works. Thus, the principle of active learning will still be applied.

Lastly, we have the lecture method. Such a method may be used in teaching the students on how to write an
essay. It would be very difficult for them to create one by just showing them examples then letting them
write. It would be more effective if the teacher does a lecture first especially on its types, rules, and then the
steps. The principles that can be applied here is that teachers' expectations about their students affect
students' opportunities to learn, their motivation and their learning outcomes since before the lesson gets
started the objectives are to be presented to them first so they become aware of what are expected from
them. This principle does not only apply in this method but in all others too. In addition, the principle that
learning is better when student creativity is fostered also applies here since they will be made to create their
essay after the lecture.

The innovations that may be incorporated to make these more meaningful and interesting for the learners
are the use of plickers, google classroom, and the classtool.net site.

2. Choose 3 from among the innovative methods and strategies that your peers have presented and demonstrated
in the class.
The three innovative methods and strategies I’m choosing from those that were demonstrated in the class are
the use of plickers, google classroom, and the classtool.net application.

a. Describe the methods/strategies used.

First is the Plickers, this is an assessment tool made by a teacher who’s looking for a quick and simple way
to check student understanding. This assessment tool allows teachers to collect on-the-spot formative
assessment data without the need to have students use devices or paper and pencil. Teachers can use this
tool with previous planning or on the go as needed. This tool provides teachers with the data needed to
inform their instruction. “It provides students with the opportunity to participate and engage in learning
without feeling self-conscious.”

Next is the Google Classroom which is a free collaboration tool for teachers and students. Teachers can
create an online classroom, invite students to the class then create and distribute assignments. Within the
Google Classroom students and teachers can have conversations about the assignments and teachers can
track the student's progress.

Lastly, Classtools.net is a free site for teachers created by teacher Russel Tarr. This site has everything
including Facebook, graphic organizers, and video game makers.

b. Explain why these are most interesting for you.

These are very interesting because aside from it’s fun and very interactive, these methods also make use of
the modern technology which is very relevant to our students who are digital natives.

c. If you were to teach using these methods/strategies, how can you make these even better in terms of
making the students learn more effectively?
Given the chance to use these methods/strategies, I will make sure that there is still proper monitoring and
guidance to ensure that they are on track however; they will still be encouraged to explore further. I will
also be setting guidelines on the use of these apps because they might only end up abusing the chance of
letting them use these technological platforms. Lastly, I will make sure that there is application in real life
context and values as well to make learning more meaningful and lifelong.