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Congenital lateral hernia in a chippiparai puppy

Article  in  The Indian veterinary journal · May 2018

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Murugan Bharathidasan Vishnugurubaran Dhanakaran

Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
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 Manjunath Patil et al.
were in agreement with the ndings of Moses
et al. (2002). Static intramedullary interlocking
nailing done in these animals caused stable
xation, direct bone healing with bridging
callus.
Summary
The DCP technique was found superior for
repair of short oblique or transverse or trans-
verse without dentate fractures and osteosyn-
thesis with excess callus formation at fracture
site. Whereas, static IILN technique for repair
of long oblique or spiral or transverse dentate
or comminuted femoral fractures with almost
negligible callus formation at fracture site in
canines was found to be ideal.
References
Asif, M.A., Dilipkumar, D., Usturge, S.M., Shivaprakash, B.V.,
Vivek, R. Kasaralikar and Ravi Raidurg, (2010) Comparative
evaluation of static and dynamic veterinary intramedullary
interlocking nailing technique for femoral fractures in canines.
Vet. Pract., 11(2): 146-150
Balagopalan, T.P., Devanand, C.B., Rajankutty, K., Amma,
T.S, Nayar, S.R., Varkey, C.A., Jalalluddin, A.M., Nayar,
K.N.M. and George, P.O. (1995) Fracture in dogs- A review of
208 cases. Indian J. Vet. Surg., 16(1): 41-43
Dueland, R.T., Berglund, L., Vanderby, R. and Chao, E.Y.S.
(1996) Structural properties of interlocking nails, canine
femora, and femur-interlocking nail constructs. Vet. Surg., 25:
386-396
Hansda, P., Gahlod, B.M., Akhare, S.B., Dhakate, M.S., Upad-
hye, S.V. and Panchbhai, V.S. (2012) Comparative evalua-
tion of Steinmann pin, Kuntscher nail and interlocking nail for
femur fracture repair in dog. Indian J. Vet. Surg., 33(1): 53-54
Kelly, W.R. (1974) Veterinary Clinical Diagnosis. 2nd edn.,
Bailliere Tindall, London, pp. 266-270
Moses, P.A., Lewis, D.D., Lanj, O. I., Stubbs, W.P., Cross,
A.R. and Smith, K. (2002) Intramedullary interlocking nail sta-
bilisation of 21 humeral fractures in 19 dogs and 1 cat. Aust.
Vet. J., 80(6):336-343
Shiju, S.M., Ayyappan, S., Ganesh, T.N. and Suresh Kumar,
R. (2010) Plate-rod technique for the management of dia-
physeal femoral fractures in dogs. Indian J. Vet. Surg., 31(1):
41-42
Vasantha, M.S. (1991) Studies on effect of ultrasonic thera-
py and short wave diathermy on femoral fracture healing in
canine. Ph.D. thesis, Andhra Pradesh Agriculture University,
Hyderabad, India.

Indian Vet. J., May 2018, 95 (05) : 67 - 69

Congenital Lateral Hernia in a Chippiparai Puppy

M.Bharathidasan1, D.Vishnugurubaran and S.Dharmaceelan
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Tirunelveli- 627358.

(Received : 24-10-2017 339/17 Accepted : 16-11-2017)

Abstract and liver lobe. Animal recovered uneventfully.

A 40 day old Chippiparai breed puppy was
brought to Department of Veterinary Surgery
and Radiology, Teaching Veterinary Clinical
Campus in Tirunelveli with a complaint of swell-
ing in the left midabdominal region. Diagnosis of
congenital lateral hernia was conrmed through
radiography, which revealed protrusion of the
intestinal loops in to the swelling. Herniorrha-
phy was done under general anaesthesia; the
hernial sac contained intestine loop, omentum
1
Corresponding author : Email : dr.dass07@yahoo.in
The Indian Veterinary Journal (May, 2018)
Key words: lateral hernia, dog, herniorrhaphy,
Chippiparai.
Hernias in dogs can be either congenital
or acquired. Congenital hernias are those that
are present at birth; they may or may not have
a hereditary component. Congenital hernias
involve the failure of some part of an internal
or external body wall to close normally during
neonatal development and typically defects in
the diaphragm or other parts of the abdominal
wall (Hayes, 1974). Acquired hernias are those
67
 Congenital Lateral Hernia in a ...
Fig 1: Congenital Lateral Hernia in a Pup
that develop sometime after the dog is born.
Acquired hernias typically are caused by some
sort of blunt traumatic injury, such as exposure
to automobile accidents (Shaw, 2003). Lateral
abdominal hernias may involve abdominal wall
anywhere other than the umbilicus, inguinal
ring, femoral canal or scrotum (Fossum, 2002).
Case History and Observations
A forty day old Chippiparai breed female puppy
was brought to the small animal surgical unit of
Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veteri-
nary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli
with the history of a pendulous semi-circular
and unilateral swelling on the left mid abdomi-
nal region that had progressively increased in
size since birth (Fig 1). Clinical examination
revealed that the patient was well hydrated.
Rectal temperature, femoral pulse and respira-
tory rate was 39.8° c, 110 beats/per minute and
30 breaths/per minute respectively. The swell-
ing was painless with palpable intestine loop
and hard mass, and contents retracted in to the
abdominal cavity upon placing the patient on
right lateral recumbency. The animal’s feeding,
urination, and defecation acts normal. Haemato-
logical and biochemical parameters were within
the normal physiological range, except mild
decrease in total protein. Lateral and ventrodor-
sal radiographs revealed herniation of intestinal
loops and the case was conrmed as congenital
lateral abdominal hernia, and was subjected for
surgical correction.
Treatment and Discussion
Pre-operatively food and water were withheld-
68 The Indian Veterinary Journal (May, 2018)
Fig 2: Hernial defect along with Hepato - enterocele
for 6 and 3 hours respectively. The puppy was
sedated using Xylazine Hydrochloride @1mg/kg
bwt i.m. General anaesthesia was induced with
Ketamine Hydrochloride @ 5mg/kg and Diaze-
pam @ 0.5 mg/kg bwt intravenously. Anaesthesia
was maintained with inhalant anaesthesia using
isourane in circle system. Patient positioned
for surgery in right lateral recumbency and
surgical site was prepared by scrubbing with
5% povidone iodine. A sharp linear incision was
made over the proximal swelling and extended
distally up to end of mass. Subcutaneous tissue
dissected and hernia sac was incised and
contents were found to be intestine loops and
liver lobe (Fig 2). The contents were reduced in to
the abdominal cavity. Hernia ring was debrided
and sutured using Non- absorbable Polyamide
2-0 by overlapping suture pattern (Sutradhar,
2009) followed by subcutaneous tissue PGA
2-0 in simple continuous pattern and skin
was closed using Polyamide 2-0 in horizontal
matters. Pre-operatively antibiotic Ceftriaxone
@ 22 mg /kg bwt and Opioid analgesic Tramadol
@ 2 mg /kg bwt administered were administered
and intra operatively uid Ringer’s Lactate 100
ml was administered. Post operatively antibiotic
was advised orally for 5 days and sutures were
removed on 10th post operatively. Animal recov-
ered uneventfully without any complications
except mild oedema for rst three days. Very
large hernial rings or small defects rarely cause
clinical problems; however, hernias just large
enough to entrap viscera and obstruct blood
supply to the contents (strangulation) are most
dangerous to the patient (Parks, 1981). In the
present case no gastrointestinal tract distur-
 M.Bharathidasan et al.
bance was observed. nias in cattle, horse, swine, dogs, and cats: risk by breed and
sex among hospital patients. Am. J. Vet. Res., 35, 839-842.
Summary Parks, J. (1981) “Herniation”, Pathophysiology in Small
Congenital lateral hernia was corrected by Animal Surgery. In Bojrab M J (Ed.), Lea & Febiger, Philadel-
phia, pp. 420-424.
Herniorrhaphy under inhalant anaesthesia.
Animal was recovered uneventfully. Shaw, S.P., Rozanski, E.A. and Rush, J.E. (2003) Traumat-
ic Body Wall Herniation in 36 Dogs and Cats. J. Am. Anim.
References Hosp. Assoc., Jan-Feb; 39(1):35-46.
Fossum, T.W., Choyl, S.H., Doland, A.H., Ann, L.J., Howard, Sutradhar, B.C., Hossain, M.F., Das, B.C., Kim, G., and Hos-
B.S and Michael, D.W (2002) Small Animal Surgery, 2 nd Edi- sain, M.A. (2009) Comparison between open and closed
tion, Mosby Inc. Missouri, pp. 261-267. methods of herniorrhaphy in calves affected with umbilical
hernia. J. Vet. Sci., 10(4), 343-347.
Hayes, H. M. Jr. (1974) Congenital umbilical and inguinal her-

Indian Vet. J., May 2018, 95 (05) : 69 - 70

Unilateral Polydactylism with Brachygnathism in a Calf

S. Manokaran1, M. Palanisamy, S. Prakash, M. Selvaraju and R. Ezakial Napolean
Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Veterinary College and Research Institute, TANUVAS, Namakkal – 637 002, Tamil Nadu.

(Received : 20-05-2016 217/16 Accepted : 27-09-2017)

Abstract brought to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical

A Jersey crossbred cow was reported with the
history of dystocia. A dead calf was removed by
forced traction. The calf had polydactylism in
the left forelimb and also brachygnathism.
Key words: Calf, digit, polydactylism, brachyg-
nathism
Polydactylism is a condition which is
characterized by the presence of one or more
additional digits (Suchitra et al., 2010). This
condition has been reported in both humans
and animals, and most commonly lower portion
of limbs are involved (Talamillo et al., 2005).
The incidence is common in cat, horse and dog
but low in cattle (Suchitra et al., loc. cit). The
present case records an incidence of unilateral
polydactylism of forelimb along with brachygna-
thism in a newborn calf.
Case History and Observations
A Jersey crossbred cow on its 4th calving was
1
Corresponding author : Email : smanokaran@rediffmail.com
Complex, Namakkal with the history of continu-
ous straining and labor pain since last 9 hours
and water bags having ruptured 7 hours before
but was unable to deliver. At the time of admis-
sion the cow was able to stand and walk and the
general clinical parameters were in the range.
Treatment and Discussion
On vaginal examination, the cervix was found
to be fully dilated and the fetus was in anterior
longitudinal presentation, dorso-sacral position
with both the fore limbs was extended into the
vaginal passage. By applying traction, a dead
female fetus was delivered. The weight of the
fetus was 23.76 kgs. On gross examination,
the calf had additional digit on the metacarpal
region of left forelimb. Further the lower jaw
was under developed when compared to upper
jaw (brachygnathism). All the changes indicated
the fetus had polydactylism in the left forelimb
with brachygnathism (gure).
The occurrence of polydactylism might

The Indian Veterinary Journal (May, 2018) 69

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