The changing of burning calories by doing different level and types of

routines

Introduction:

This experiment is about test which routine can burn more calories, so we
know which routine is best for burn the calories, so we can make people
become more healthier. The routine that burn more calories in a short amount
of time will be convenient for any student or people that is busy which have
not much time for exercising.

​Background information:

pH indicator: pH is the acidity and the alkaline in solution. And it is a measure

of hydrogen ion concentration in solution. pH is measured in the scale which
has 15 levels of the pH from 0 to 14. acid solutions have a lower pH, and the pH
of a neutral solution is 7. And alkaline solutions have a higher pH. the example
of the neutral solution is water, and the example of the acid solution is the
lemon. For alkaline solution, the example is soap water. So pH indicator is the
substances that give the visible sign, it is always by changing color. and the
indicator will show and identify the level of pH level if that is alkaline or acid,
so we can know the different substances by changing color.

during the experiment, the pH indicator is the material and tools to test how
Carbon dioxide change. after we did each routine, we blow the pH indicator. if
the pH indicator change color that means we burn calories. pH indicator
solution clearly the change in breathing and carbon dioxide added in itself.

Lime Water: The lime water is transparent and has no color. Lime water is a
liquid of sodium hydroxide in water. Cloudy lime water is calcium hydroxide
in lime water reacts with carbon dioxide to produce precipitation.

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The limewater will show clearly the change in breathing and carbon dioxide added
in itself. Lime water change into white colour when carbon dioxide is in the
solution.

heart rate: Heart rate is the speed of heart beats per minute. Normal resting
heart rates range from 60 to 100 beats per minute. but some people might have
lower resting heart rate. Resting heart rate can change within this normal
range, these are normal. The heart rate will change when you start to do some
exercise or moving. It also will change when you are very calm or sleeping.

from heart rate, mass and age, we can calculate the calories burned using a
calorie calculator. Heart rate will be checked by counting the heart beat in 10
second, then multiply the beat by 6.

Respiratory system: the system that maintain the air exchange for the
organism.

Understanding the respiratory system in an organism and what it needs or

produce in the process. Respiratory system can help us understand better how
the indicator change colour when breathing in and what change the colour.

Breathing rate: The breathing rate is the number of breaths per minute. The
normal breathing rate for an adult is 12 to 20 breaths per minute. it is normal
for breathing between 12 and 25 times at rest.

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This diagram will show more clearly on what parts of muscle the exercise
routine will work on. It will be easier to compare the routine by looking at
each muscle part.

aerobic exercise

https://greatist.com/fitness/cardio-bodyweight-exercises#advanced

Type 1

1 High knees

2 Butt kick

3 Jumping jack

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4 Skaters

5 Burpee

Type 2

1 Mountain climber twist

2 Plank-to-knee tap

3 Wide mountain climbers

4 Jumping lunge

5 Squat

Research question:

To what extent is the different hardness levels of exercises affecting the

respiration rate by using the pH indicator solution and Lime water to test the
Carbon dioxide to check burn of calories considering one person?

Hypothesis:

Harder and stronger routines burn more calories, because harder and
stronger routines make our hearts beat faster, so we burn more calories. The
more difficult and intense the routine, the more carbon dioxide it produces,
which causes the pH indicator to change color more, so it burns more calories.

Methodology:

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1) Materials

- Lime Water
- pH indicator
- two different types of routines
- test tube
- straw
- timer/stop watch

2) Variables:

Independent Variables: ​Different types of routines

We will pick different types of routines to see which routine can burn more
calories and

Dependent Variables: ​burn​ ​of​ ​calories

We will test the Carbon dioxide by using the pH indicator solution and Lime
water and measure the burn of carbon dioxide.

Control Variables:

- person doing the different types of exercises

- weight and mass
- height
- respiration system
- similar time of different types of routine
- place, temperature and environment

Table showing the variables and the method to control them.

VARIABLE UNITS TYPE HOW TO MANIPULATE

(UNCERTAINTIE
S)
Height m, cm Control By measuring how tall is
Variables one person.

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Different no Independent By searching different
Routines Variables routines and choose
different routines.
burn of calories Dependent By measuring the routines
calories Variables and time we use.
person doing no Control By choosing which person
the different Variables will go for exercises.
types of
exercises
weight and g,kg Control By measuring the weight of
mass Variables one person
respiration no Control By measuring how long you
system Variables breath
similar time s,m,h Control By using a timer to keep the
of different Variables same time and use
types of different routines.
routine
place, no Control By choosing a place and
temperature Variables stay in that place until
and experiment done.
environment

3) Diagram

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4) Procedure:

1. Prepare 2 (cup) (amount) of lime water and the universal indicator.

2. The person who is going to do the exercise start doing the first exercise.
3. The person who did the first exercise go to the lime water and breath to
the lime water, use the Universal indicator.
4. Another person record the rate of respiration.
5. A different person do the second exercise.
6. Use another lime water to let the person breath in and use the Universal
indicator to test the lime water, at the same time, record the respiration
rate.
7. Compare the different result from each one.

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5) Safety, Ethical and Environmental Considerations

- Don’t drink the lime water and eat the pH indicator, they are tools, not
food.
- Don’t break anything that is not in our experiment.
- Careful with the beaker, glass and test tube, don’t break them. They are
going to hurt you.
- Don’t touch anything that is dangerous in the experiment, like beakers,
tubes, lime water.
- Don’t hurt yourself when you are doing routines, doing stretch before
you exercise so you will not hurt yourself.

Results:

Quantitative Data:

1. Raw data:

first routine(easy and quit relax routine)

heart rate after exercise

Bonnie 20/10s

Sue 19/10s

second routine(hard and quit strong routine)

heart rate after exercise

Bonnie 24/10s

Sue 21/10s

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2. Processed data:

first routine(easy and quit relax routine)

burn of calories

Bonnie 6.628 kCal burned

Sue 5.763 kCal burned

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this is the picture of calculating the burn of calories of Sue after doing
the first routine (easy and quit relax routine). the result of burning
calories after doing the first routine (easy and quit relax routine) is 5.763
kCal.

this is the picture of calculating the burn of calories of Bonnie after

doing the first routine (easy and quit relax routine). the result of burning
calories after doing the first routine (easy and quit relax routine) is 6.628
kCal.

second routine(hard and quit strong routine)

burn of calories

Bonnie kCal burned

Sue 7.045 kCal burned

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 this is the picture of calculating the burn of calories of Sue after doing
the second routine (hard and quit strong routine). the result of burning
calories after doing the second routine (hard and quit strong routine is
7.045 kCal.

this is the picture of calculating the burn of calories of Bonnie after

doing the second routine (hard and quit strong routine). the result of
burning calories after doing the second routine (hard and quit strong
routine is 9.193 kCal.

In the calorie calculator website, we measure calories burned by filling in the

heart rate, and there are different versions of this calculation for men and
women. We need to fill in our weight, age and duration, as well as our heart
rhythm during exercise, to get the value and the result of the calories we burn.

Qualitative Data:

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from left to right:
1. the first one is the Bonnie’s blowing after the first routine (easy
and quit relax routine)
2. the second one is the Sue’s blowing after the first routine (easy and
quit relax routine)
3. the third one is the Bonnie’s blowing after the second routine (hard
and quit strong routine)
4. the third one is the Sue’s blowing after the second routine (hard
and quit strong routine)

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 color changing of pH indicator

after doing the first after doing the second

routine(easy and quit routine(hard and quit
relax routine) strong routine)

Sue light blue super light blue

Bonnie light purple light blue

Comparing the pH indicators after the first exercise with those after the
second exercise, we can see that the pH indicators after the first exercise
from Bonnie and Sue were darker than those after the second exercise.
The changes in pH indicators after Bonnie and Sue's first workout were
not as significant as those after Bonnie and Sue's second workout. and
because if the color change more, that means they produce more carbon
dioxide. So from the color of indicator we can tell, that Bonnie and Sue
produce more Carbon dioxide after doing the second routines which is
harder and stronger routine.

Conclusion:

Data analysis:

pH indicator:
Comparing the pH indicators after the first exercise with those after the
second exercise, we can see that the pH indicators after the first exercise from
Bonnie and Sue were darker than those after the second exercise. The changes
in pH indicators after Bonnie and Sue's first workout were not as significant
as those after Bonnie and Sue's second workout. When completing the first
routine, the colors of the pH indicators of Bonnie and Sue are light purple and
light blue. Upon completion, when the second routine is completed, the colors
of the pH indicators of Bonnie and Sue are light blue and super light blue. And
because if the color change more, that means they produce more carbon
dioxide. So from the color of indicator we can tell, that Bonnie and Sue produce
more Carbon dioxide after doing the second routines which is harder and
stronger routine. From the changes in the data, we can see that Bonnie and Sue
produce more Carbon levels after completing more difficult and intense
routines.

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heart rate:
Comparing the heart rate of Bonnie and Sue when completing the first routine
and the heart rate of completing the second routine, we can find that the heart
rate of Bonnie and Sue when completing the first routine is better than that of
Bonnie and Sue when completing the second routine. Heart rate is slower at
the first routine. The heart rate of Bonnie and Sue was 19 and 20 when the first
routine was completed, and the heart rate of Bonnie and Sue increased to 21
and 24 when the second routine was completed. This shows that the heart rate
of Bonnie and Sue is also increasing due to the difficulty and intensity of the
routine.

burn of calories:
Comparing the heart rate of Bonnie and Sue when completing the first routine
and the burn of calories of completing the second routine, we can find that the
burn of calories of Bonnie and Sue when completing the first routine is less
than that of Bonnie and Sue when completing the second routine. Burning of
calories of Bonnie and Sue is more at the second routine. The burn of calories
of Bonnie and Sue was 6.628 kCal and 5.763 kCal when the first routine was
completed, and the burn of calories of Bonnie and Sue increased to 7.045 kCal
and 9.193 kCal when the second routine was completed. This shows that the
burn of calories of Bonnie and Sue is also increasing due to the difficulty and
intensity of the routine.

Conclusion:
Harder and stronger routines burn more calories, because harder and
stronger routine activities make our heart beat faster, so we burn more
calories. The more difficult and stressful this process is, the more carbon
dioxide will be produced, and the carbon dioxide will make the pH indicator
change more colors and burn more calories. Because from the experiment we
can see that the harder and stronger routine burn more calories, because in
the harder and stronger routine, our heart rate is faster than the usual
routine, because the heart rate increases Calorie consumption also increases.
At the same time in the experiment, we can also find that in the effort and
stronger routine, we will produce more carbon dioxide. In the experimental
results, we can see that in the effort and stronger routine, our blown carbon
dioxide makes the pH indicator The color changes even more. This also
means that we will produce more carbon dioxide in the harder and stronger
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routines. The more carbon dioxide we produce, the more calories we burn. In
the test of calorie consumption, we also found that in harder and stronger
routines, we will burn more calories.
Evaluation:
Problem/Weaknes Effect on results/ data
s improvement
we didn’t control Because when we blow the
the time of blowing pH indicator, we only blow
the pH indicator. for 10 seconds. This will
(we only blow for 10 make the color change
seconds.) insufficient and not accurate
enough. Because we only
we need to control blow for 10 seconds, the Ph
the time between indicator may not have
finishing routines completely changed.
and start test heart
rate. We did not control the time
between the completion of
the time of each the routine and the heart rate
routine. measurement during the
experiment. This makes it
possible for the heart rate to
change within a short time
difference. In this way, we
cannot guarantee that the
heart rate is measured in the
same situation.
When we did the experiment,
we did not precisely control
the time of the two routines.
We have five actions in each
of the two routines. No, we
also controlled each action to
do the same time, but we did
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Possible solution/
Because when we blow
the pH indicator, we
can blow for 30
seconds each time.
This will make the
color change
noticeable and more
accurate. A 30 second
period allows the pH
indicator to change
more.
When we are doing
two different routines,
we should control the
time from the
beginning to the end
as much as possible.
We can turn on
stopwatch to set a
fixed time, and write
all actions in that time.
We can measure the
heart rate every 10
seconds after doing
each routine. This will
make sure that our
 not calculate each routine to heart rate is tested in
the end. time. It may also the same situation.
cause the heart rate to
increase or decrease within a
short time difference.

Bibliography:

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http://www.calories-calculator.net/Calories_Burned_By_Heart_Rate.html​.
PH indicator. (2019, November 3). Retrieved from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH_indicator​.
Bohr effect. (2019, November 11). Retrieved from
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_effect​.
What Is a Normal Heart Rate? (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://www.livescience.com/42081-normal-heart-rate.html​.
Vital Signs. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/10881-vital-signs​.
Ph scale universal indicator ph test strips vector image on VectorStock. (n.d.).
Retrieved from
https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-vector/ph-scale-universal-in
dicator-ph-test-strips-vector-21217050​.
Natural Indicator. (n.d.). Retrieved from
http://oshw.honf.org/index.php/Natural_Indicator​.
deBoeck, S. (n.d.). Red Cabbage Indicator. Retrieved from
https://www.webinnate.co.uk/science/week1.htm​.

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