CHAPTER 1-THE HUMAN ORGANISM 

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1. Is the scientific discipline that investigates

the structure of the body; to dissect, or cut

apart and separate
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2. 2 BASIC
31. Refers to the specific relationship of the
3. APPROACHES
many individual parts of an organism.
4. Is the study of the body by systems
32. Is the ability to use energy to perform vital
5. Is the study of the organizations of the body
functions, such as growth, movement, and
by areas, within each regions
reproduction.
6. 2 GENERAL
33. Is the ability of an organism to sense
7. WAYS
changes in the environment and make the
8. Is the study of the external features
adjustments that help maintain its life.
9. Serves as landmark for locating deeper
34. Refers to an increase in size of all or part of
structure
the organism.
10. Involves the use of x-rays, ultrasound,
35. Includes the changes an organism
magnetic reasoning imaging (MRI) and
undergoes through time; continuously
other technologies which creates pictures
evolve
for inner structure
36. Is change in cell structure and function from
11. Is the scientific discipline that deals with the
generalized to specialized; highly
processes or functions of living things
specialized
12. 6
37. Is the formation of new cells or new
13. LEVELS OF
organisms
14. ORGANIZATION
38. Is the existence and maintenance of a
15. OF
relatively constant environment within the
16. THE
body despite fluctuations in either the
17. BODY
external or internal environment
18. Involves how atoms , such as hydrogen and
39. Such as sweating or shivering, normally
carbon, interact and combine into
maintain body temperature near an
molecules
average normal value
19. Are the basic structural and functional units
40. Average normal value
of organism
41. Their values can change
20. Little organs; are the small structures that
42. Bodies of people who have died
make up some cell
43. They murdered 17 people in Scotland and
21. Is a group of similar cells and the materials
sold their bodies to a medical school
surrounding them
44. Average body temperature
22. 4 PRIMARY
45. Is when any deviation from the set point is
23. TYPES
made smaller or is resisted
24. OF
46. EXAMPLE OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACLK
25. TISSUES

26. Is composed of two or more tissue types
47. 3
that together perform one or more
48. COMPOENENTS
common functions
49. OF NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
27. Is a group of organs classified as a unit
50. monitors the value of variable, such as body
because of the common function or set if
temperature, by detecting stimuli
functions
51. such as part o the brain, determines the set
28. 11 MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS
point for the variable and receives input

from the receptor about the variable

52. such as sweat gland, can change the value

of the variable when directed by the control

center

53. Occurs when the initial stimulus further
29. Is any living thing considered as a whole, stimulates the response.
whether composed of one cell, such as
54. EXAMPLE OF A POSITIVE FEEDBACK
bacterium, or of trillions of cells, such as a
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human.
55. Modern term for bloodletting
30. 6 CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFE
56. An overabundance of red blood cells

57. Above or up
58. Below or down dividing the body into superior and inferior
59. Front parts
60. Back 78. Runs vertically from right to left and divides
61. Belly the body into anterior and posterior parts
62. Back 79. A cut along the length of the organ
63. Nearest 80. Also known cross section cuts completely
64. Distant through an organ
65. Towards the midline 81. A cut made diagonally across the long axis
66. Away from the midline 82. 3
67. Refers to the structure close to the surface 83. LARGE
of the body 84. CAVITIES
68. Towards the interior of the body 85. Is surrounded by the rib cage and is
69. CENTRAL REGION OF THE BODY separated from the abdominal cavity by the
 muscular diaphragm
 86. Is a section that houses the heart, the
 thymus, the trachea, the esophagus, and
70. 4 QUADRANTS other structures
 87. Is bounded primarily by the abdominal
 muscles and contains the stomach,
 intestine, liver, spleen, pancreas and the
 kidneys
71. 9 REGIONS 88. Is a small space enclosed by the bones of
 the pelvis and contains the urinary bladder,
part of the large intestine, and the internal

reproductive organs.

89. Lines the trunk cavities and cover the

organs of these cavities; surround the body

cavities

90. Inner balloon wall
72. Label the 4 quadrants
91. Outer part of the balloon wall
92. 3 serous membrane-lined cavity
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
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93. Surrounds the heart
94. Covers the heart
95. The fluid filling the pericardial cavity
96. Surrounds each lung
97. Covers the lungs
98. The abdominopelvic cavity contains a
73. Label the 9 regions serous membrane-lined cavity; to stretch
over
99. Inflammation of the pericardium
100. Inflammation of the pleura
101. Inflammation of the peritoneum
102. Inflammation of the appendix
103. A small sac attached to the large intestine
with the layer of the visceral peritoneum
104. Which consist of two layers of
peritoneum fused together; anchor the
organs to the body wall and provide a
pathway for nerves and blood vessels to
74. Runs vertically through the body separates
reach the organ
it into right and left parts
105. Include the kidneys, adrenal glands, a
75. Means the flight of an arrow
portion of the pancreas, parts of the
76. Is a saggital plane that passes through the
intestine, and the urinary bladder
midline of the body
77. Also known as a horizontal plane; runs
parallel to the surface of the ground