Topic 1

Democracy is a Western concept, generally understood as the power or the rule of the
people. It has found its way into modern systems of government that are formed by the
whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected
representatives. To prevent dictatorship (chế độ độc tài), the separation of powers is
another principle built in the constitution of democracies. Democracies function on the rule
of law, the legal principle that law should govern a nation, as opposed to being governed by
decisions of individual government officials. However, it is also important acknowledge
that democracy is not only about how a political system is organized but also about how the
people can make visible their collective power (quyền lực tập thể) whether they are allowed
by the state.
Write an essay of 300 words to elaborate (nghiên cứu) on how different aspects of
democracy work in the UK or the US. Your essay should include examples of real-life
democratic practices in the country.

In UK in which the whole system of politics is considered to be Parliamentary democracy,

governors are ones appointed by its people .In general, the system is not so different from that
of other European countries. However, the UK is known as a single-party government where
most of the members of government share the collective responsibility. For example, if one
holds a different opinion, he or she is expected to keep it private. Otherwise, he or she will be
chosen to resign, which violates to some extent the value of democracy. Meanwhile,
“democracy” in US means an absolute democracy. The US is a representative democracy
country where all power of Government belongs to its people who direct policies by choosing
suitable government officials. All people of it must swear to abide by Convention which is
designed to protect the democratic right of its citizens. In addition, there is a check and
balance system to supervise and check power activities of branches in Government. For
instance, parties in this nation alternatively govern the country. Annually, each party with the
highest vote through voting system will be chosen to govern the country, which ensures the
equality as well as sense of democracy for its citizens. Separation of power which is a key point
in the notion “democracy” means not letting any power concentration in one person or one
party’s hands. In countries like the US and other democratic ones, strict separation is core
politics principle. However, power separation in the UK enjoys much less prominence because it
is much more like a fusion of power between the Crown and the Government than a separation
of power among different branches. In brief, US has a higher level of democracy than that of
UK.

Topic 2
As many (not all) supporters of Brexit or Trump care about how their nation and they
themselves are performing economically, they think strict national borders should be
maintained so as to protect their group’s economic interests. This prompt invites you to
write an essay of 300 words on the extent to which advocacy for Brexit or Trump’s
presidency has featured economic reasoning as well as implicated identity politics and
nationalism.
A majority of advocates of Brexit or Trump’s presidency pay much of their attention to
significant benefits in terms of economy, politics and nationalism. Firstly, about economy,
Brexit or Trump’s presidency will help limit business competition. When the local market is
not manipulated by outside factors such international interest rates, fiscal policy or the
participation of global businesses with a wide range of products (ones with competitive edge),
UK or US can itself control its business activities and adjust indoor policies to encourage
consuming and stimulate economic growth. Secondly, in terms of politics, Brexit of Trump’s
presidency will cut the rate of terrorism. For example, Trump’s decision to ban immigration of
people from Muslim countries absolutely address the matter of terrorism. Some terrorists who
are members of extreme terrorism groups originated from Muslim countries so the ban on
immigration from Muslim countries will help secure citizen’s security. In addition, a
government can be able to cut costs on supporting refugees. Every year, the number of
refugees immigrating to European countries is such a huge one so policy like that of President
Donald Trump will partly save to some extents the spending of Government. Last but not least,
as regards to nationalism, Brexit or Trump’s presidency is a solution to the issue of racial
discrimination and religious conflict. If Britain doesn’t belong to that united community of
Europe, it means that cultural diversity will be reduced and therefore, put an end to religion
issue.

Topic 3
The education system is seen as both the result of and solution to social problems. Use
examples from the course to elaborate your understanding of the statement.

It is strongly perceived that the education system is seen as both the result and solutions to social
problems.

First and foremost, the educational system has some result about social problems. Many wealthy
families can send their children to schools like private schools with the high-qualified studying
environment in terms of curriculum, teaching methods, facilities. On the contrary, due to some
difficulties, the certain segments of children living in the disadvantaged condition can not afford
tuition in the best schools and receive less considerable investment. Accordingly, such groups of
children have unequal access to education and have a tendency to drop out of school so end up in
the jail. Students graduate without the diploma, skills will lead to poverty and unemployment,
.For example, it was reported that 39 people in vietnam were found in a lorry container in Essex
England on 23 October ,who on the way of illegal immigration to England. Many argued that if
they had been well-educated and given many great opportunities to get good jobs in their
hometown, would they have done like that? Furthermore,Violent student behaviour is another
matter concerned (For example, schools conduct monthly examinations to assess the student's
progress and due to this they are subjected to undue stress that leads to acts of violence being
committed at school.)

However, there is no denying that the educational system is seen as a solution to social problems.
It is notable that education can in some way make the whole society raise awareness of the
standardized lifestyle and provide them with the stable employment. Thanks to 1944 Education
Act of UK which supplies students with free and universal state primary and secondary schools,
ensure students with firm background of knowledge to enter labor market. Education system also
focus on flexibility and it enables student who can’t afford to go to school can attend training
course . For example, in the policy of “No Child Left Behind, it emphasizes on the expanded
options for parents, particularly those whose children attend low-performing schools. Hence,
there is a strong possibility that universalizing education to all citizens can significantly help
them make deep understanding of separating right from wrong things, which can reduce the
number of crimes and other social evils