Jenny Dooley

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 contents
Grammar Vocabulary Reading Listening Speaking Writing Culture

• present simple • work Keeping monologues • recommending • a short text Get a job!
1 • present
continuous
• job skills
• phrasal verbs:
people
posted
(multiple
matching;
a person for
a job
about a job
for a careers
(multiple-choice
cloze)
• stative verbs give (multiple sentence • pronunciation: advice website
A Hard • present perfect • prepositions choice) completion) \œ\, \A…\, \ø\ • an email giving
Day’s Work • present perfect a reference
continuous • writing tip:
(pp. 4-11)
formal language

• past simple • holiday Welcome monologues • making/ • a webpage The Legend of

2 • past continuous
• past perfect
activities
• weather
to the city
of Gold
(multiple
choice; note
dealing with a
complaint
advertising a
place
Tis-sa-ack
(T/F/DS
• past perfect • holiday (multiple taking) • intonation: • a story (3rd statements)
continuous problems matching) expressing person)
Places to • phrasal verbs:
• used to/would – feelings • writing tip:
Visit take
be/get used to ending a story;
(pp. 12-19) • prepositions rubric analysis

• will – going to • types/places of A Whole monologues/ • making plans/ • adverts for an The West

3 • present simple/
present
entertainment
• feelings
Lotta Fun
in Ottawa
dialogues
(multiple
expressing
(un)certainty
online magazine End (multiple
• a leaflet about choice)
continuous related to (multiple choice) • pronunciation: a place of
(future meaning) entertainment matching) linking entertainment
Fun Time
• future perfect/ (-ed/-ing) consonants • writing tip:
(pp. 20-27) future perfect • phrasal verbs: writing leaflets;
continuous run participle
• time clauses • prepositions clauses

Values A – Integrity (p. 28)

Public Speaking Skills A – give an informative speech explaining how to do sth (p. 29)
• the passive • festivals & You don’t monologues • congratulating • research/ The US
4 • personal/ celebrations see that (multiple • pronunciation: present a weird Graduation
impersonal • life events & everyday matching) \e\, \‰…\ festival Ceremony (text
constructions wishes (multiple • an article completion)
Special • causative form • phrasal matching) describing a life
Events verbs: carry event
(pp. 30-37) • prepositions • writing tip:
narrative
techniques

• conditionals (0-3) • natural California’s a witness • giving a • a diary entry Llanberis

5 • mixed conditionals disasters/

• wishes accidents
deadly
Camp Fire
statement
(R/W/DS
witness
statement
• a witness
statement
Mountain
Rescue
• unreal present/ • weather idioms (multiple statements) • pronunciation: • writing tip: Team (text
past • causes & choice) assimilation order of events completion)
Survival
prevention
(pp. 38-45) • phrasal
verbs: cut
• prepositions

• C/U nouns • food products Don’t Waste a dialogue • asking about/ • a leaflet Funcy a
6 • singular/plural
nouns
• tastes
• eating habits
Your Bread! (T/F
(multiple statements)
expressing
preference
• an essay
providing
cuppa? (open
cloze)
• quantifiers • phrasal verbs: choice) • pronunciation: solutions to a
Eating • partitives turn elision problem
Habits • some/any/ • prepositions • writing tip:
no/every & topic/supporting
(pp. 46-53)
compounds sentences
• articles

Values B – Courage (p. 54)

Public Speaking Skills B – give instructions using pictures (p. 55)
2

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 Grammar Vocabulary Reading Listening Speaking Writing Culture

• modals • crime Patrolling a street • a debate • an opinion essay The

7 • modals of
deduction
• law &
punishment
the Air
(multiple
survey
(multiple
• expressing an
opinion
• writing tip: linking Australian
words Mounted
• phrasal verbs: choice) choice) • pronunciation: Police
Against break intrusion (T/F/DS
the Law • prepositions statements)
(pp. 56-63)
• comparisons • sports & Unusual monologues • a debate • a survey report Surf’s up!
8 • as/like
• exclamations
hobbies
• exercise
Hobbies
(multiple
(multiple
matching)
• making –
accepting/
• writing tip:
paragraph
(missing
sentences)
• phrasal verbs: matching) refusing planning
Sports & grow suggestions
Hobbies • prepositions • intonation: stress
in compound
(pp. 64-71)
nouns

• reported speech • everyday The Bio a presentation • a debate • a product review Isaac
9 • modals in technology Hackers (multiple • explaining a • writing tip: Newton
reported speech • inventions & (missing choice) process descriptive The Force
• special gadgets sentences) • pronunciation: language of Genius
Eureka! introductory • phrasal verbs: geminates (multiple-
(pp. 72-79) verbs get choice
• question tags • prepositions cloze)

Values C – Duty (p. 80)

Public Speaking Skills C – give a debate speech (p. 81)

• relative clauses • educational Changing a dialogue • designing a • a for-and-against The

• clauses of institutions the (T/F school curriculum essay American
10 concession/ • education Curriculum statements) • discussing • writing tip: linking College
reason/purpose/ • phrasal verbs: (matching possibilities/ ideas Experience
result bring headings to expressing doubt (matching
Education • prepositions paragraphs) • pronunciation: headings to
(pp. 82-89) disappearing paragraphs)
consonants

• (to)-infinitive • money/ When Cash monologues • exchanging • a review of a Battersea

11 • -ing form
• expressing
spending
• financial
was King
(multiple
(multiple
matching)
money
• reduced
place
• writing tip:
Boot
(T/F/DS
preference services choice) pronunciation: using powerful statements)
Money • reflexive/ • phrasal verbs: modals language
Matters emphatic go
(pp. 90-97) pronouns • prepositions

• determiners • environmental Keep the a monologue • a presentation • a letter to the The Great
• emphatic problems noise down! (sentence • expressing editor making British
12 structures • effects – (multiple completion) concern/making suggestions Beach
• plural nouns solutions choice) suggestions • writing tip: Clean
• phrasal verbs: • pronunciation: paraphrasing (missing
Earth: SOS put silent letters sentences)
(pp. 98-105) • prepositions

Values D – Moderation (p. 106)

Public Speaking Skills D – give a valedictorian’s speech (p. 107)
CLIL (pp. 108-111) Pronunciation (p. 174)
Skills Practice (pp. 112-135) Rules of Punctuation (p. 175)
Grammar Reference pp. 136-160 American English – British English Guide (p. 176)
(GR1-GR25) Irregular Verbs
Word List (pp. 161-173)

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 Vocabulary: food products, tastes, eating habits Everyday English: asking about/expressing
Grammar: countable/uncountable nouns – preference
Writing: an essay providing

6
singular/plural nouns, quantifiers
& partitives; some/any/no/every & solutions to a problem
compounds; articles

Eating Habits
Listening & Reading

1 What do you think happens to unsold fresh food in bakeries

and pizzerias?
Listen and read to find out.

fruit & v
egetable
s bakery
meat Don’t Waste Your Bread!
The App Fighting Food Waste in Italy
pastry s
hop
deli
fish

pizzeria
take aw
ay superma
rket

M atteo Pincella looks out the window of his bakery as the sun
slowly sets over the Palazzo Carignano, one of Turin’s most
recognisable buildings. It’s been a long day. Matteo and his son,
Giovanni, have been baking and selling bread and pies since 6 am,
but now at 8:30 pm, there is still a lot of food on the shelves ... and
no customers in sight. “È ora*,” Matteo says smiling. So, Giovanni
rubs his hands on his stained white apron, takes his smartphone
out of his pocket, and opens an app. Then, five minutes later, a
large group of customers turn up, eager to buy the bakery’s
remaining goods. How has this happened? Well, Matteo’s bakery
is part of a scheme that has had a huge impact on food businesses
and food waste in Turin.
It all started when a local businessman, Francesco Ardito, was
strolling through the city one evening in 2014. While passing a
pizzeria at closing time, he noticed the owner throwing away two
pieces of pizza that hadn’t been sold. Francesco thought this was a
waste of food and, after chatting to bakers and fruit vendors in his
neighbourhood, discovered that it was a common problem. In Italy,
most people choose fresh food from bakeries and greengrocer’s
over processed foods from the supermarket. It’s a lot healthier, but
more fresh food means more food waste, because it goes off faster.
In fact, Italy wastes about 5.1 million tonnes of food a year – much
of this from food businesses that don’t sell all their fresh goods.
Francesco, though, soon developed an idea to solve this problem.
One evening, while looking up at the tall apartment buildings in his
neighbourhood, he imagined a baker leaving his bakery just before
closing time and shouting up at the residents inside, “Loaves of
bread for 10 cents!” No doubt, someone would be interested in the
cheap bread, the owner would earn some cash, and perfectly good
46
food wouldn’t go to waste. Obviously, Francesco didn’t want to fill
the cobbled streets of Turin with screaming bakers, but he thought
that smartphones could do the same job. The ‘Last Minute Sotto
Casa**’ app was born!
The LMSC app that Francesco developed is very user-friendly.
Customers download it to their smartphones for free and receive
updates when shops near their homes have food for sale at
discount prices just before closing time. Businesses pay a small
monthly fee for the service and earn some money from food that
they would have thrown out. What businesses like most, though, is
that the app brings people into their shops for the first time, and
these people often return regularly.
Francesco’s main concern has always been the environment, and
he’s hugely proud of the impact LMSC is having on food waste.
In 2015, a year after it was developed, the app had 32,000 users
and was saving around 3.5 tonnes of food from ending up in
the rubbish dumps outside Turin each month! And today, LMSC
schemes are running in other cities in Italy, such as Naples and
Palermo. As Francesco says, LMSC is a ‘win-win-win scheme’: for
customers, businesses, and most importantly, the planet. The less
food we waste, the less energy and water we need to produce it –
and that helps save our planet for future generations.
* ‘È ora’ means ‘It’s time’ in Italian
** ‘sotto casa’ means ‘under your house’ in Italian
Check these words
app, apron, scheme, impact, vendor, cobbled, generation

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 6a

2 Read the text again and for questions 1-4

choose the best answer (A, B, C or D). Then
Tastes

explain the words in bold. 6 a) sweet,

Which of the items in Ex. 5 taste: hot, bitter,
salty, sour?
1 The customers who arrived at Matteo’s bakery wanted
to buy food that had b) What do you think each person has eaten?
A just been prepared.
B been prepared the previous day. A B C D E
C been prepared earlier in the day.
D been ordered from Giovanni’s smartphone.
2 What does the author claim is a reason for Italy’s food
waste problem?
A the lack of supermarkets
B people’s desire for healthy foods
C a preference for non-processed foods
D the falling popularity of bakeries and greengrocer’s
3 What is the main reason businesses have supported the
LMSC app?
A It’s very easy to use.
B It allows them to sell all their goods.
The man in picture A must have eaten something hot
C It’s useful for their regular customers.
such as chilli peppers.
D It helps them attract long-term customers.
4 How does Francesco feel about the effect the app has
had on businesses? 7 word.
WORDS EASILY CONFUSED
Check in your dictionary.
Choose the correct
A proud C indifferent
B surprised D disappointed 1 I like sipping/nibbling a biscuit with my tea.
2 Harry took a large bite/chew out of the crunchy apple.

3 inCOLLOCATIONS
3 Ken baked/cooked a delicious cake for us.
Find and complete the words
the text that describe the following. Then 4 Pam grows/produces vegetables in her back garden.
make sentences.

1 . ........................... prices 4 ............................... time 8 PHRASAL VERBS Fill in the correct particle.

2 .......................... vendor 5 ............................ waste

turn on/off: to switch on/off
3 ............................... food 6 ............................. dump
turn up: 1) to increase volume, etc; 2) to suddenly arrive
turn to (sb): to ask (sb) for help

4 Make
PREPOSITIONS Choose the correct preposition.
sentences using the prepositional phrases.
turn down: 1) to decrease volume, etc; 2) to refuse an
invitation/offer
turn out: to have an end result, especially a surprising one
1 to be on/in sight 4 to fill sth with/of sth
2 to have an impact with/ 5 to be by/for free
1 Steve turned ........... at the cooking class one hour late.
on sth 6 to be proud with/of sth
2 Ann always turns ............... her mother for advice.
3 to be interested in/of sth
3 Turn ................. the cooker when the cake is ready.
4 Pierre turned ............... to be a talented chef in the end.
Vocabulary 5 The cook turned ................. the job offer.
Food products
Speaking & Writing
5 Look at the smartphone app on p. 46. Which

9 the text be helpfulCould

THINK THINK
icon would you choose if you wanted to buy: an app like the one in
aubergines, buns, chicken nuggets, coleslaw, in your town/city? Discuss
courgettes, cream cheese, grapefruit, lamb chops, with your partner.
THINK
lobster, minced beef, prawn curry, pretzels, salmon,
sour cream, sprouts, turkey breasts, turnips, pizza,
wholegrain rice?
10 ICT How can you help reduce food
waste at home? Collect information and
write a leaflet.
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 6b
Grammar in Use
Countable/Uncountable nouns –
Singular/Plural nouns p. GR10
1 a) Do the quiz. Are your food options healthy?
The first step to following a healthy, balanced diet is
knowing what’s in the food you eat. Take the quiz to find
out how much you really know about food.
1 Fibre is good for the digestive system, so it’s important to
include some in your diet. Which of these foods is packed
with it?
A beans B chicken C yoghurt
2 Unsaturated fat is a type of fat that is actually good for you.
Which of the following foods is a good source of it?
A butter B coconut oil C olives
3 Experts advise us to consume five portions of fruit and
vegetables a day, but which of these foods DON’T count?
A chips B tinned pineapples
C frozen peas
4 A diet high in cholesterol can lead to heart disease, but
which of these snacks can actually lower it in your body?
A rice B biscuits
C dark chocolate
5 Carbohydrates give us energy. Which of these meals is the
best for an athlete on a high-carb diet?
A pasta with some grated cheese
B fish and a salad
C beef with roasted vegetables
Answers: 1 A, 2 C, 3 A, 4 C, 5 A
b) Look at the underlined words in the quiz.
Which are countable? Which are uncountable?
Complete the table in your notebook.
Countable Uncountable
beans fibre
Do the same with the words below.
• advice • weather • sheep • furniture • child
• progress • bus • box • information • tennis
• luggage • knife • news • tooth • brush
48
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2 Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Give reasons.
1 The staff in this restaurant always ...............................
(work) as a team.
2 Chinese ............................ (be) a very difficult language
to learn.
3 The family usually .............................. (choose) different
dishes for the main course.
4 On most TV channels, the news ...................... (be)
broadcast at 9 o’clock.
5 The police ...................... (be) on their way to investigate
a robbery at Tino’s Pizzeria.
6 Information about the restaurant ........................ (be)
available online.
7 Generally, people ................................ (not/eat) enough
fruit and vegetables.
8 Luggage ............................... (be) supposed to be stored
in the overhead compartments in each carriage.
9 Brian’s trousers .......................... (be) too tight because
he has put on some weight.
10 Maths ...................................... (not/be) Tim’s favourite
subject at school. He prefers cookery lessons.
3 Your partner
SPEAKING Say an incorrect sentence.
corrects it.
A: Where is the scissors?
B: Wrong! Where are the scissors?
Quantifiers & Partitives pp. GR10-11
4 Choose the correct words. Give reasons.
1 There’s very few/little pizza left – just one or two slices.
2 There’s lots of/many milk, so don’t buy any/little.
3 There are several/much tins of cat food in the
cupboard.
4 Could you put many/a little sugar in my tea, please?
5 There is enough/many salt in the soup.
6 There were only a few/a little biscuits left, so we
bought no/some more.
7 Put a few/plenty of cheese on my pasta, please.
8 I need a couple of/a bit of onions for this recipe.
5 Fill in: packet, bar, bottle, box, tin, carton, jar, slice,
tube. Add one more item for each.
1) a ...................... of chocolate; 2) a ...................... of
jam; 3) a ...................... of toothpaste; 4) a ......................
of mineral water; 5) a ...................... of sardines;
6) a .................... of chocolates; 7) a ...................... of
biscuits; 8) a ...................... of bread; 9) a ......................
of milk
7/9/19 11:57 AM

6 a) cartons,
Complete the gaps. Use: few, cans, no, couple,
jar, packet, some, enough, any, plenty, bit.
J: Paul, what do we need?
P: OK, Jane. Well, first, we need 1) .................... milk – we
don’t have 2) .................... left.
J: OK, how many 3) .................... should we get?
P: Two, I think. Also, let’s get a(n) 4) .................. apples –
I’m not eating 5) .................... fruit these days.
J: OK, let’s get a(n) 6) .................... of bananas then, too.
There are 7) .................... of pears in the fridge if you
want fruit.
P: You’re right! What else? There’s a(n) 8) ....................
of cheese in the fridge, but we should get another
9) .................... . Let’s get some cola, too.
J: No, there are several 10) .................... in the cupboard.
There’s 11) .................... honey left, though, so we
need a(n) 12) .................... of that.
P: OK, I guess that’s everything, then.
b) SPEAKING In pairs, discuss a
shopping list for this week. Use quantifiers/
partitives. Act out a dialogue like the one in
Ex. 6a.
some/any/no/every
& compounds p. GR11
7 Fill in some, any, no or every. In which sentence
could you use not any?
1 Don’t give the children .................... chocolate.
2 I’m afraid there’s .................... flour left.
3 .............. student enjoyed the trip to the biscuit factory.
4 Is there .................... coffee in the jar?
5 Would you like .................... peanuts?
6 There’s .................... cola in the fridge if you’re thirsty.
8 Underline the correct words. Give reasons.
1 Would you like some/no more tea?
2 We usually don’t eat nothing/anything for dessert.
3 Can I have something/anything to eat? I’m starving.
4 Please don’t put any/some sugar in my coffee.
5 We can eat somewhere/anywhere you want, as long
as it’s not too expensive.
6 There’s not much choice here – every/any dish on the
menu has pasta.
7 The recipe is easy – someone/everyone knows how
to make this dish.
8 Sorry, but there are some/no eggs for breakfast.
9 Let’s ask anyone/someone for directions.
10 He ate nothing/something for lunch so he’s hungry.
Enterprise B2 NEW Unit 6.indd 49
6b
9 a) Use
Complete the exchanges.
some/any/no/every
and their compounds.
1 A: Do you know .....................
good Chinese restaurants?
B: No, unfortunately, there is
........................... that serves
ethnic food around here.
2 A: Did you know .....................
at the dinner party?
B: No, but I met .....................
who knows my sister.
3 A: Would you like ................... to eat before you leave?
B: No, we plan to stop ..................... and get a take-
away on the way home.
4 A: Did you go ..................... last night?
B: No, we just stayed in and ordered ....................
pizza.
5 A: ..................... we ate at Dino’s was really delicious.
B: They’ve got ..................... vegetarian dishes, though.
b) SPEAKING Choose an exchange
from Ex. 9a and continue the dialogue.
Articles pp. GR11-12
10 a) Fill in a, an or the where necessary. Find
examples in the quiz in Ex. 1.
1 Some people say that ........... USA doesn’t have ...........
impressive cuisine, but when I visited ........... south
of ........... country, most of ........... meals I ate were
delicious!
2 Yesterday, ........... Martins invited me to their home for
........... dinner. They served ........... beautiful Italian dish
called fettuccine Alfredo. It was ........... most delicious
pasta I’ve ever eaten!
3 We had ........... lovely meal at ........... Jacque’s Inn
yesterday. It’s ........... French restaurant on ........... coast,
around 15 km outside ........... city. We read about it in
........... Sunday Times and we were really glad we went.
It’s true that ........... French really know how to cook!
4 You’ll find ........... Guild Hotel on ........... Kent Street.
From ........... Central Station, you just need to cross
........... St John’s Square and turn right.
5 If you go to ........... London, you should visit ...........
British Museum and have ........... cup of coffee in ...........
café there. It was ........... most comfortable café I visited
while I was in ........... UK.
b) ICT Collect information about a capital
city and its attractions and present it to
the class. Use appropriate articles.
49
7/9/19 11:57 AM
 6C
Skills in Action
Vocabulary Everyday English
Eating habits Asking about/Expressing preference

1 a) Fill in: snacks, red, processed, oil, fast food, meal,

fresh, salt, portion, grains.
3 WhatListen
type of cuisine does Bart prefer?
and read to find out.

A: Hey, Bart. Do you want to come over to my place?

We can order take-away and watch the match.
B: Sure, Al, that sounds like fun.
A: OK, so which do you prefer to eat, Chinese or Indian?
B: Well, I’d rather have Chinese. Indian cuisine is too
1 Is it common for you to eat no ................................ fruit for an
spicy for me.
entire day?
A: Fine. How about some spring rolls, Peking roast
2 Do you eat at ...................................... restaurants more than
duck and dumplings?
once a week?
B: Sounds great, but don’t order that much.
3 Do you eat cold cuts or other ...................................... meats
A: Don’t worry, I can always eat what is left the next day.
more than twice a week?
So, what time will you be here?
4 Do you prefer to fry food with butter rather than olive ...............?
B: After six, if that’s OK. I’ve got lessons till 5.
5 Do you often eat a large ........................ late at night?
A: That works for me, too, actually. I’ve got a lot of
6 Is it rare for you to eat whole ...................................... like oats
housework to do.
and brown rice?
B: OK. I’ll see you at around 6:30, then!
7 Do you usually choose not to eat a(n) ......................................
of vegetables with your main meal?
8 Do you eat ...................................... meat such as beef and
duck more than twice a week? 4 Ex. 3. Use
Act out a dialogue similar to the one in
the prompts and phrases from the
9 Do you eat salty ........................ most days?
language box.
10 Do you usually add ............................... to your meals?
• have a barbecue • chicken or burgers
10 ➝ very unhealthy diet – make some changes now! • salad, chips, rice on the side • don’t make too much
8-9 ➝ quite unhealthy diet – think more about what • after 2 pm – wash car
you’re eating
5-7 ➝ quite healthy diet – try to make even more Asking about preference Expressing preference
healthy food choices • Which do/would you prefer, • I prefer (apples) to
1-4 ➝ very healthy diet – you’re on the right path (apples) or (oranges)? (oranges).
• Which do you like better, • I prefer (eating with
b) Answer the questionnaire by writing Y  (Yes) (tea) or (coffee)? company) to (eating alone).
or N (No). Count the number of Ys and check • Do you prefer (chocolate) or • I’d prefer (not) to (eat a
your score to see what kind of diet you have. (sweets)? dessert).
• Would you rather/prefer to • I’d rather have (pasta)
(eat lunch) or (have a coffee)? than (pizza).
Listening

2 friends,
You will hear a conversation between two
Keith and Wendy, about following a
Intonation: elision
healthy diet. For questions 1-8, decide if the Elision is when a sound disappears when it is preceded
statements are T (True) or F (False). or followed by another stronger or similar sound. This can
happen within a word or when words meet each other.
1 Keith only bought fruit and vegetables. .......... Often \t\ or \d\ sounds disappear in this way.
2 Keith has been on his new diet for three weeks. ..........
3 Keith used to spend £10 for a pizza every Friday. ..........
4 Wendy advises Keith to contact Dino’s Pizzeria. ..........
5 Keith is going to try to avoid fast food completely. .......... 5 examples
Listen to the sentences and underline
of elision. Listen again and repeat.
6 Keith avoids eating when he watches TV. ..........
7 Keith believes that he gets enough exercise. .......... 1 I don’t know why he asked to leave.
8 Wendy had to stop playing tennis because of 2 Do you want to sit down while we’re waiting?
an injury. .......... 3 We store our vegetables at room temperature.
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Reading & Writing
6 Read the essay and put the paragraphs (A-E) in the
correct order (1-5). Which words helped you decide?
6C
8 Find the topic sentences in the main body
paragraphs. Does each introduce a new idea? Do
the sentences following them develop the main
idea of each paragraph? Think of other suitable
topic sentences to replace them.

Writing (an essay providing solutions

to a problem)

9 a) will
Read the task and find the key words. Who
read your piece of writing?

You have had a class discussion about the problem of

household food waste. Your teacher has asked you to
write an essay (120-190 words) suggesting ways to solve
the problem.
A A nother solution could be to serve healthier food in school
canteens. For instance, canteens could serve unprocessed
foods like fruits and vegetables instead of fast food. As a b) Listen to two friends discussing the topic
result, teens would avoid putting on weight. and complete the table.
B T o conclude, the problem of teen obesity is on the rise, but
Explanation/
by educating teens about food, serving them healthier food, Solution Expected result
Example
and encouraging them to be more active, we can help them
stay fit and healthy. In my opinion, being at a healthy weight 1 don’t throw out put in containers in
..........................
can improve a teen’s self-confidence, so it’s vital we stop leftovers fridge
obesity today. 2 make a only buy food
..............................
C All over the world, the percentage of young people suffering shopping list you need
from obesity is rising. This is mostly caused by an inactive put fruit/vegetables less will spoil
3 .........................
lifestyle and unhealthy food habits, but what can we do to in fridge when it’s hot
solve this problem?
D Finally, we could also encourage young people to be more
active. For example, schools could set up more sports
teams and encourage students to sign up. This means that
10 Use ideas from Ex. 9b, or your own ideas, to
write your essay. Follow the plan. Use linking
teens would burn more calories and stay at a healthy weight. words/phrases and topic sentences.
E O  ne useful suggestion is to educate young people
about food. For example, schools could teach teens about Plan
nutrition. This way, they would be able to make better Introduction
choices and avoid fattening foods.
Para 1: state problem & cause(s)
Main body

7 Replace the linking words/phrases in bold with

ones from the list. Which linking words/phrases:
Para 2: first suggestion, explanation/example &
expected result
give explanations/examples? make suggestions? Para 3: second suggestion, explanation/example &
conclude? present expected results? expected result
Para 4: third suggestion, explanation/example &
• Then, • It would be a good idea to ... • Specifically,
expected result
• It would also help if we ... • By doing this, • All in all,
• The effect of this would be that ... • In particular, Conclusion
• The problem could also be solved if we ... Para 5: summarise points; state your opinion

Writing Tip
Topic/Supporting sentences
VALUES
ibility om
In essays, each main body paragraph should begin with a
Respons fo o d is li ke stealing fr ngry.
topic sentence that introduces or summarises its main idea. way d hu
Throwing a ose who are poor an e Francis
A topic sentence should be followed by supporting sentences, o f th P o p
which further develop the main idea of the paragraph.
the table
51

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 6 Culture

‘Fancy a cuppa?’ It’s a phrase you often hear in the UK. In fact, the UK is one of
the countries 0) in the world where people consume lots of tea – with the average
British adult drinking 876 cups a year!
Obviously, because of its climate, the UK doesn’t grow its own tea – but tea leaves
from Asia were first brought to British shores 1) .................. Dutch traders in the
early 17th century. Back then, people mainly drank tea as a medicine. Years later,
in the middle of the 18th century, British trading companies moved 2) ..................
parts of India. Tea became much more affordable, and Brits have been drinking it
3) .................. since.
So, what’s the secret to the perfect British cup of tea? The British usually drink
black tea 4)  .................. of green or white tea. Sometimes, especially on formal
occasions, people use loose tea leaves and pour it from a teapot – but for a quick
and easy ‘cuppa’ most people simply toss a tea bag into a mug and add boiling
water from a kettle ... and, of course, milk!
Unlike in the Middle East, 5)  .................. people drink their tea without it, the
British like tea with milk. Originally, they used to put milk into their cups to protect
their porcelain cups from cracking from the heat. Nowadays, 93% of tea is taken
with milk in the UK. People’s personal tastes differ, though – some people leave the
bag in the mug longer and add less milk to make strong tea, whereas others prefer
weak tea. You can 6) .................. the difference by the colour – strong tea has a
darker shade of brown. Those with a sweet tooth can add sugar.
It’s common for British people to have ‘afternoon tea’ with sandwiches, cakes,
biscuits, or scones topped with cream and jam - but in the UK, tea 7) ..................
drunk throughout the day and with every meal. In fact, Brits often call their main
evening meal ‘tea’ because the drink is an important part of it. Along 8) ..................
fish and chips, strawberries and cream, and baked beans on toast, tea is an essential
part of the food culture of the UK.
Until Victorian times, tea was very expensive so only the rich could afford it. It was
kept locked away in a tea caddy and rich ladies carried the key around their necks.

3 The foods and drinks in the columns often go together. Try to

match them. Can you think of more?
Check these words
1 d bread a crackers
trader, loose, shade, scone
2 strawberries and b toast
3 tea c jelly
Reading & Listening 4 fish d butter

1 How did tea reach the UK? What

do British people like taking their
5
6
baked beans
cheese
e
f
cheese
chips
tea with? How did this start? Read 7 ice cream g cream
through to find out. 8 pasta h biscuits

bread and butter

2 a) For questions 1-8, read the text

and think of the word which
Speaking & Writing
best fits each gap. Use only
one word in each gap.
4 the
ICT Think of a food or drink which is very important to
people in your country. Collect information about it under
the headings: history – how it is prepared – what other food/drink
b) Listen and check. Then goes with it – when it is consumed. Prepare a presentation about
explain the words in bold. it for the class.
52

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 Review 6
Vocabulary 5 Complete the sentences with some/any/no/every
and their compounds.
1 Choose the correct word. 1 I’m starving – I didn’t eat ............................. for breakfast.
1 This milk is hot/salty/sour – it’s gone off. 2 ............................. in the office except Stan ate a piece
2 This black coffee is too sweet/bitter/creamy for me of the cake.
to drink. Can I have some sugar, please? 3 There’s a Korean restaurant ............................. around
3 You should always bite/chew/nibble your food here, but I don’t know the address.
properly. 4 Unfortunately, there were ............................. vegetarian
4 I bought these pineapples from a fruit good/vendor/ options on the menu.
fee in the neighbourhood. 5 There’s ............................. on the phone who wants to
5 You can find high quality products at closing/waste/ speak to you.
discount prices in the department store. (5 x 4 = 20)
(5 x 2 = 10)
6 Fill in: a, an or the where necessary.
2 Fill in: processed, red, fresh, oil, whole.
1 Helen always eats some ........................... fruit every TONY’S
day.
2 You should avoid ........................... meat like slices of
chicken or turkey.
3 I don’t want a steak – I don’t usually eat .........................
meat.
4 ........................... grains like brown rice are very healthy.
Are you tired of pizza, burgers and 1)  .............. pasta? Here
5 Try to cook with .................... oil instead of vegetable oil. at Tony’s in 2)  .............. Chelmsford town centre, we offer
(5 x 3 = 15) 3) .............. extremely varied selection of tasty salads to refresh

3 Choose the correct item. your taste buds! With salads from all over 4)  .............. world,
you’ll be spoiled for choice! And if you have 5) .............. special
1 Kate was very proud of/at the cake she baked. request, we make salads to order. See you soon!
2 Peter turned out/up at the restaurant an hour late.
3 Jim never likes to see food go in/to waste.
4 Laura turned down/out the job offer at the café. (5 x 2 = 10)
5 Mary filled the bowls with/in fresh fruit.
Everyday English
(5 x 3 = 15)

Grammar
7 Match the exchanges.
1 Which do you like a Yes, but only a little.

4 Choose the correct item. better, lemonade or b Actually, I prefer

cola? tea.
1 Don’t forget to buy a tube/carton/dozen of milk. 2 Would you rather c I’d prefer some ice
2 She always adds a(n) little/few/any sugar to her coffee. have some apple cream, thanks.
3 There were much/several/lots flavours of ice cream pie or ice cream? d I’d rather not eat
to choose from. 3 Do you prefer your anything, actually.
4 There’s a tin/jar/box of jam in the cupboard. coffee with sugar?
5 We don’t need bread – there’s plenty/deal/couple at 4 Would you prefer
to eat soup or a (4 x 5 = 20)
home.
(5 x 2 = 10) sandwich? Total 100

Competences
Lexical Reading Competence Writing Competence
Competence • understanding texts related to food (read for • prepare a leaflet
✓GOOD understand
words/phrases
specific information – multiple choice; open cloze)
Listening Competence
about reducing food
waste at home

OD ✓✓
related to: • listen to and understand dialogues related to • write an essay

VERY GO • food products healthy eating (listen for detail – T/F statements) providing solutions to
• tastes Speaking Competence a problem

EXCELLENT
✓✓✓ • eating habits • ask about/express preference
• give a presentation about a food/drink
53

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 SNOW SLEET FREEZING RAIN RAIN

A
CLIL: Geography
Reading & Listening

1 What causes ice storms? What

damage can they do? Look at the
Storms
diagram and read the text to find
out. COLD AIR

2 Read the text again and complete

the gaps (1-5) with sentences A-G.
WARM AIR
(above freezing)

Two sentences are extra.

A It causes many accidents because it is COLD AIR

practically invisible.
B It was the worst storm in living memory.
C They mainly happen in the USA and SNOW SLEET FREEZING RAIN RAIN
Canada because of the particular air No melting Snow melts and Snow melts and Snow melts
conditions that exist there, especially in has occurred. refreezes before refreezes on contact and does not
northeastern areas. reaching the surface. with the surface refreeze
D One such storm occurred in January

1998, affecting parts of Ontario, New
York State and Quebec.
E Problems are caused by the weight of
the ice.
F Thunderstorms, on the other hand, can
occur at any time of year.
G This coats everything with a thick smooth
layer of ice.
Listen and check. Then
explain the words in bold.
3 What do the highlighted items in
the text refer to?
Speaking & Writing
4 diagram again. Which
THINK
THINK
Look at the
of these
weather phenomena are most
THINK
common in your country? At what
time of year? Discuss.
5 another
ICT Collect information about
extreme weather event.
Write about: where it occurs, how it
is caused, damage it causes and any
other interesting facts. Present
the weather event to the class.
Check these words
layer, category, nuisance, inch, disruptive,
pound, crippling, thaw
108
I
ce storms are extreme weather events which regularly occur in the
winter months of December and January. 1 However, ice storms
have also been recorded in other territories and even other parts of
the world, such as Britain and Russia.
Ice storms are caused by freezing rain. This forms when there are three
layers of air – cold, warm and cold – one on top of the other above the
ground. Falling snow in the top cold air layer meets the warmer layer
and turns into rain. As the rain falls through the third layer, the air
cools the rain to a temperature below zero without it freezing. This
process is known as ‘supercooling’. When the supercooled raindrops
hit the ground, they freeze, provided the surface they meet is also
below zero. 2 It is this icy covering that is known as an ice storm.
There are three categories of ice storm, all depending on the amount
of ice. ‘Nuisance’ storms have ice up to a quarter of an inch thick,
making travel on roads difficult. ‘Disruptive’ means that the ice is
between a quarter and half an inch thick. 3 Tree branches can
become thirty times heavier and electricity wires between two poles
may gain 500 pounds. Fallen trees and electricity poles can cause
serious accidents. ‘Crippling’ ice storms cover surfaces in half an
inch of ice or more, often causing whole towns and cities to stop
functioning. 4 It lasted for six days with up to five inches of
ice, causing billions of dollars’ worth of damage. People were without
electricity for weeks, plunging them into freezing temperatures.
Did you know?
• Black ice is so called because it is clear, not white, and shows the colour of the
road surface underneath. 5
• Ice jams happen when a thaw causes the ice on frozen rivers to break into
pieces. The pieces then block the normal flow of water and can cause flooding.
• The thickest ice ever recorded in an ice storm was in northern Idaho, USA in
1961. The ice measured eight inches in places.

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 6 B2 Skills Practice
Use of English
Word formation
1 For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the
words given in capitals to form words that fit in
the gaps in the same lines.
Becoming vegetarian
As people become more and more 0)  concerned CONCERN
about following a 1) ........................ diet, and also HEALTH
about the protection of animals, vegetarianism
continues to increase in 2)  ..................................  . POPULAR
Although meat is extremely 3) ................................, NUTRITION
it can also be very fattening, so eating a lot of it
can lead to 4)  .................................. problems WEIGH
and related 5)  ........................ such as heart ILL
disease. On the other hand, vegetables, grains
and dairy 6)  .............................. can provide all PRODUCE
the nutrients necessary to build up and maintain a
strong, fit body. Experts, though, stress that being
a vegetarian requires a lot of effort. First, you need
to be 7) ........................ about which foods you eat CARE
to get the nutrients you need for a balanced diet
– and then you need to make sure to eat enough
of them. Many vegetarians, for example, may be
8) ........................ that they lack B vitamins, which AWARE
are often found in meat and fish.
Key word transformation
2 For questions 1-5, complete the second
sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence, using the word given. You must
use between two and five words.
0 I ate a big main course, so I don’t want to order dessert.
SUCH I’d order dessert if I hadn’t ordered such a
big main course.
1 He was at the bus stop for half an hour before it
arrived.
WAITING He .............................................................. at
the bus stop for half an hour before it arrived.
2 The milk didn’t smell right so I didn’t drink it.
GIVING The milk ..........................................................
a strange smell so I didn’t drink it.
3 No food was left on the children’s plates.
LEAVE The children ....................................................
............................................... on their plates.
4 It’s a shame the restaurant closed down.
WISH I ................................................. closed down.
5 Lisa asked her secretary to reserve a table at the
restaurant.
HAD Lisa ...................................................... a table
at the restaurant.
122
Enterprise B2 NEW Skills Practice.indd 122
Multiple-choice gapped sentences
(Vocabulary)
3 For questions 1-7, choose which answer (A, B, C
or D) best fits each gap.
1 Sam ordered his roast beef ...........; he doesn’t like it
when the meat is pink.
A
B
overcooked
raw
C medium
D well done
2 Let’s leave a 10% .......... for the waiter.
A bill B tip C cheque D note
3 Jack was so hungry that he decided to have a second
.......... of pie.
A share B part C helping D course
4 This soup tastes quite ..........; you should add more
herbs and spices to it.
A sour B bland C stale D sweet
5 The canteen serves a variety of .......... such as tea,
coffee and hot chocolate.
A meals C beverages
B snacks D leftovers
6 When I took a .......... of the steak, I realised that the chef
hadn’t cooked it properly.
A swallow B bite C chew D nibble
7 Dairy .......... like milk and cheese have a lot of protein.
A products B goods C items D crops
Open cloze
4 For questions 1-8, read the text below and think
of the word which best fits each gap. Use only
one word in each gap.
Finish your food!
Growing up, we 0)  were all told by our parents to finish our meals
and not waste our food. But, unfortunately, 1)  ..................... seems
like most of us weren’t listening. Around the world, and especially
in developed countries, food waste is a huge problem. The UK, for
example, wastes around 10 million tonnes of food a year. But how are
we wasting 2)  ..................... much food? One reason this happens
is that supermarkets and other shops throw 3)  ..................... their
fresh food when it is past its sell-by date, even if it’s still good to eat.
Recently, many charities 4)  ..................... started campaigns against
this kind of waste. Some charities, in fact, collect the unwanted food
from supermarkets and give it to people 5)  ..................... need.
However, around 70% of food waste happens at home. We all leave
food on our plates now and then, or forget to use up something in the
fridge – and some people are worse food wasters 6)  .....................
others! But it’s up to all of us to 7) ..................... an effort at home. For
example, 8)  ..................... avoiding buying or
cooking too much food we can easily reduce
food waste in our daily lives.
7/9/19 12:41 PM

Listening
True/False statements
The information you hear in the recording has the same
meaning as the true statements in the task, but not the same
words. The false statements in the task may sound similar to
what you hear, but have a different meaning. While reading
the statements, think of different ways of saying the same
thing.
Preparing for the task
5 Look at the pairs of sentences (1-4). Which of
the pairs have the same meaning?
1 a “I’m happy to say Sunday’s barbecue went really
well,” said Don.
b Don was pleased because Sunday’s barbecue was
a success.
2 a “Let’s skip the dessert,” says Myra.
b Myra would like something sweet at the end of her
meal.
3 a “I could tell the customer was annoyed with me,”
said the waiter.
b The waiter realised he had upset the customer.
4 a “It really doesn’t take long to do the supermarket
shopping,” says Ted.
b Ted complains that it’s a long way to the supermarket.
6 flatmates,
You will hear a conversation between two
Eric and Fran, who are arranging a
dinner party. For questions 1-10, decide if the
statements are T (True) or F (False).
1 Eric and Fran are organising a surprise party
for Tom. ..........
2 Tom’s family are included in the invitation. ..........
3 Clare does not eat meat. ..........
4 They can’t decide on a main course. ..........
5 Fran doesn’t think a starter is necessary. ..........
6 One of the desserts is chosen with a particular
guest in mind. ..........
7 Eric offers to organise what people will drink. ..........
8 Fran thinks Friday is too late to go shopping. ..........
9 Fran and Eric will go shopping together. ..........
10 Eric is worried he won’t have time to do the
household chores. ..........
Enterprise B2 NEW Skills Practice.indd 123
6
Speaking
Answering questions about pictures
When answering questions about pictures, remember to
justify your answer with reasons and/or examples. When
asked about two photos, try to answer the question fully by
referring briefly to both.
Preparing for the task
7 Look at the pictures (A and B) showing people
doing different kitchen jobs. Then match
questions 1-4 to their answers (a-d). Which two
answers are the best? Why?
A B
1 Do you enjoy cooking?
2 What are the pros and cons of these jobs?
3 Which job do you think is easier?
4 Would you like to work in either of these jobs?
a No, I wouldn’t.
b Yes, I do. I find it a creative and relaxing way to spend
my free time. I often invite friends around to my house
and cook for them, or we cook together, so it can be a
social occasion, too.
c Definitely the one in picture B.
d Being a chef is a very creative job and top chefs can
earn good salaries. It can be very hot and tiring work,
though, and you may have to work late shifts. A kitchen
porter has less responsibility but the work is physically
hard. You don’t earn that much either.
8 Look at the pictures (A and B) showing people
eating in different places and answer the
questions about them.
A B
1 What do you think the people are enjoying about eating
in these different places?
2 Which place would you prefer to eat in?
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7/9/19 12:41 PM