ELECTRIC TRI CAR

A Project Report is submitted in

Partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the awards of the degree.

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by
Ujjval Saini (1614340102)
Shubham Tyagi (1614340091)
Sourav Teotia (1614340094)
Shivam Choudhary (1614340090)

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Vinod Kumar Saini

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

IMS ENGINEERING COLLEGE, GHAZIABAD
DECEMBER, 2019
 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. MOTIVATION OF PROJECT
3. LITERATURE REVIEW IF ANY
4. METHODOLOGY
5. EXPECTED SCOPE
6. REFERENCES
 INTRODUCTION
Electric Tri Car is a vehicle which runs on battery power. The main aim is to help
reduction of CO2 emissions by full elimination of petrol engine and to run the vehicle
using a BLDC motor. The motor makes the ride smooth; the environment stays
pollution free, noise free since it runs on electric energy, CO2 emissions are
completely eliminated.

SALIENT FEATURES

1. Completely battery operated car

2. Noiseless operation
3. The cost of car will be affordable so that a person with average monthly
income can afford it.

APPLICATION

1. Can be used as a daily commute vehicle.

2. As the car will be a four seater vehicle it can take you to road trips as well as
picnic spots.
3. The car will be recharged at home only, hence there the need of swapping
stations and recharge stations will be minimum.
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MOTIVATION OF PROJECT

 Due to the excessive use of fossil fuels it has become a threat to existence of life on
earth as use of fossil fuels like petrol and diesel are continuously using for
transportation of people and goods as well.
 As we know vehicles release different kinds of gases which are harmful for human
beings as well as our earth as these gases are great causes of global warming and
depleting the ozone layer.
 As our study and RPR rate, the petroleum will last up to 2025.
 It’s time to develop alternate and greener modes of transportation for a sustainable
future.
 The Electric Tri Car is designed to be an electric powered car having conventional
design.
 Electric vehicles are the future of greener and cleaner energy.
 They can be used as a daily commute vehicle.
 The misconception about Electric vehicles is that the cannot perform like
combustion engine vehicles.
 ICEs are one of the main sources of air pollution globally.
 They negatively affect both human health and ecology.
 Emissions from ICE powered motor vehicles are responsible for about two-thirds
of air pollution in urban areas.
 The current ban on older fuel cars in some Indian cities already shows a positive
influence on air quality, and this can only further improve with the large scale
introduction of EVs.
Today the primary transport for villages, taking people to bus-stops on the
highways or train-stations, is ICE three-wheelers.
It is possible to quickly convert them to electric, providing clean transport in
villages.
 Further, battery-charging and swapping outlets may be operated in larger villages,
creating jobs in rural areas.
 Specifications must ensure that these vehicles do not pose an inconvenience to
other users of public roads and highways.
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LITERATURE REVIEW

 Existing System

ENGINE COMBUSTION ENGINE

TRANSMISSION GEAR MECHANISM
FUEL FOSSIL FUEL(PETROL)

 System by us:-

ENGINE BLDC MOTOR

TRANSMISSION CHAIN TRANSMISSION
FUEL BATTERY POWERED

BATTERY
The battery we are using is LI-ION (Lithium Ion) having a high discharge rate and high
energy density. Lithium Ion battery holds the most dense composition of the electrons
and is suitable for a longer life and daily use.
Lithium ion batteries are the most widely used technology in the EV market. The electric
car manufacturer TESLA uses Lithium Ion battery packs to power their vehicles,
India has a lot to gain by converting its ICE vehicles to EVs at the earliest. Its oil-import
bill would considerably reduce. ICE vehicles are a major contributor to pollution in cities
and their replacement with EVs will definitely improve air quality. There is a
considerable possibility that we can become leaders in small and public electric
vehicles. India has over 100 million cars. If we assume that each of these vehicles uses
a little more than half a litre of petrol per day or about 200 litres per year, the total
amount of petrol used by such vehicles is about 34 billion litres. At ₹70 per litre, this
would cost about ₹2.4 lakh crores. Even if we assume that 50% of this is the cost of
imported crude (as tax and other may be 50%), one may save ₹1.2 lakh crores worth
of imported oil. There is a real possibility of getting this done in the next five to seven
years.
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FEASIBILITY STUDY

 The car will be open on the top also known as soft top vehicle or convertible.
 The frame of the car will made of high quality materials.
 The Transmission System being used in our vehicle (chain transmission) is much
better than the previous used transmission system (gearbox).

Electric Vehicles (EV) are a rising alternative to standard combustion vehicles because
of their energy cost savings and reduced carbon emissions.
The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of implementing an electric
vehicle system into an urban environment with a high population density.
ELECTRIC TRICAR, will be a mid range electric vehicle, with a 2.5kWh Li-ion
battery, giving the bike a nominal city all electric range.
The Electric Tricar is a 4 seater car powered by a 1.25kw electric BLDC providing the
following features

1. Reduce primary oil consumption in transportation.

2. Facilitate customer adoption of electric and clean energy vehicles.
3. Encourage cutting edge technology in India through adoption, adaptation, and
research and development.
4. Improve transportation used by the common man for personal and goods
transportation.
5. Reduce pollution in cities.
6. Create EV manufacturing capacity that is of global scale and competitiveness.
7. Facilitate employment growth in a sun-rise sector.

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 METHODOLOGY
Methodology is a very important element to be considered to make sure the fluent
working of the project and to get expected results. In other words, methodology can
be described as a framework which contain the elements of the work based on the
objective and scope of the project. A good framework can present the overall view of
the project and can be used to arrange or extracts the data easily. This includes the
various steps involved such as Design of parts, Analysis, Fabrication etc.

START

Objective of the Project

Literature Survey

Introduction about Electric Tricar

Material Selection

Fabrication

Assembly of parts

Electric drive tests

END

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 EXPECTED SCOPE
ELECTRIC TRICAR is intended for the development of eco-friendly mobility
solutions in India. Now a day, automotive industry is noticing the development of new
technologies every day. It is felt that the electric vehicles must also adopt the
technologies suitable to establish it as a more user-friendly and environment-friendly
mobility product in market. The sustainability of the concept of electric vehicles can
be ensured only when its design and performance are compatible with the latest trends
of automotive industry.
Government of India has proposed that Electric vehicles will replace the petrol
vehicles till 2030.
Historically, mobility and fossil fuels have been inextricably linked with electric
vehicles being successful only in a few niche markets. However, over the last decade,
a collection of circumstances have conspired to create an opening for electric
mobility to enter the mass market. Those forces include:
1. Climatic change: The prospect of rapid global temperature increase has created the
need for a reduction in the use of fossil fuels and the associated emissions. India has
committed to cutting its GHG emissions intensity by 33% to 35% percent below 2005
levels by 2030.
2. Advances in renewable energy: Over the last decade, advances in wind and solar
electricity generation technologies have drastically reduced their cost and introduced
the possibility of clean, low-carbon and inexpensive grids. India proposes to add 175
GW of renewable energy capacity by 2020 and to achieve 40 percent of its electricity
generation from non-fossil sources by the same year.
Rapid urbanization: Economic development, especially in emerging economies, is
creating a wave of urbanization as rural populations move to cities in search of
employment. While urbanization is an important component of the process of
economic development, it also stresses upon the energy and transport infrastructure
leading to congestion and pollution. According to a recent study by WHO, India is
home to 14 out of 20 most polluted cities in the world. Electric vehicles (EVs) can
improve that scenario by reducing local concentrations of pollutants in cities.
Data capture and analysis: With the rise of GPS enabled smartphones and the
associated universe of mobility applications, mobility has undergone a digital
revolution. That digital revolution has created possibility of a greater utilization of
existing transportation assets and infrastructure. For EVs, which rely on lower variable
costs to offset relatively high fixed costs, this enhanced utilization is a critical element
of achieving total costs of ownership compared to internal combustion vehicles.
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REFERENCES

 Automotive Mechanics by WILLAM CROUSE & DONALD ANGLIN.

 Electric Vehicle Technology by WILEY

 Electric and Hybrid Vehicles by TOM DENTON