Difference between Gram positive and Gram negative

Gram positive Gram negative

Retain the crystal violet stain during gram
staining
Appear in purple color under the microscope
Outer membrane is present
Peptidoglycan layer is thick and multilayered
Preplasmic space is absent
Cell wall is around 20-80 nm
Cell wall is smooth
Cell wall contain virtually Non
lipopolysaccharide content
Lipid and lipoprotein content is low in cell
wall
More susceptible to anionic detergents
Examples include actobacillus, actinomyces
Do not retain crystal violet stain during gram
staining
Appear in pink color under the microscope
Outer membrane is absent
Peptidoglycan layer is thin and single layered
Preplasmic space is present
Cell wall is around 5-10 nm
Cell wall is wavy
Cell wall contain high lipopolysaccharide
content
Lipid and lipoprotein content is high in cell
wall
Less susceptible to anionic detergents
Examples include Neisseria, salmonella

Classification of Bacteria

Characteristics Genus Representative diseases

1. Rigid thick walled cell
(A) Free living
1. Gram Positive
(a) Cocci Streptococcus Pneumonia, pharyngitis,
Staphylococcus cellulitis, abscess of skin
& other organs
(b) Spore forming
Aerobic Bacillus Anthrax
Anaerobic Clostridium Tetanus, gas gangrene,
botulism
(c) Non spore forming rods
(1)Non filamentous Corynebacterium Diphtheria
Listeria Meningitis
 (2)Filamentous Actinomyces Actinomycosis
Nocordia Nocardiosis
2. Gram negative
(a)Cocci Neisseria Gonorrhea, meningitis
(b)Rod
1. Facultative
(a)Straight
Respiratory organism Haemophillus Meningitis
Bordetella Whooping cough
Legionella Pneumonia
Zoonotic organism Brucella Brucellosis
Francicella Tularemia
Pasturella Cellulitis
Yersinia Plague
Enteric & related Escherichia UTI, diarrhea
Enterobacter UTI
Serratia Pneumonia
Klebsiella Pneumonia, UTI
Salmonella Typhoid fever, enter colitis
Shigella Enter colitis
Proteus UTI
(b) Curved Campylobacter Enter colitis
Helicobacter Peptic ulcer, gastritis
Vibro Cholera
2. Aerobic Pseudomonas Pneumonia, UTI
3. Anaerobic Bacteroids Peritonitis
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, leprosy
(B) Non free living Rickettsia Rocky mountain spot fever
Chlamydia Urethritis, trachoma,
psittacosis
2. Flexible thin walled cell Treponema Syphilis
(spirochetes) Borella Lyme disease
leptospira Leptospirosis
3. wall-less cell Mycoplasma Pneumonia