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Speakers generate a great amount of emotion and interest through the use of non-verbal
communication, often called gestures or body language. A speaker's body can be an effective tool
for emphasizing and clarifying the words they use, while reinforcing their sincerity and
enthusiasm. A gesture is any action that sends a visual signal to an onlooker. To become a gesture,
an act has to be seen by someone else and has to communicate some piece of information to them.
It can do this either because the gesturer deliberately sets out to send a signal. With proper hand
and finger movements, the conversations one has and arguments one makes, become more
Despite the vast number of movements that qualify as gestures, all gestures can be grouped
into one of the five major categories. The first category is the symbolic gesture which is a form of
nonverbal communication made with the movement of the hands or a change in body posture to
express a feeling or idea. Symbolic gestures are also used to make requests: for example, putting
the index finger to closed lips means “be quiet.” Another type includes descriptive gestures which
functions to clarify or enhance a verbal message. They help the audience understand comparisons
and contrasts, and visualize the size, shape, movement, location, function, and number of objects.
Emphatic gestures on the other hand underscore what’s being said. They indicate earnestness and
conviction. For example, a clenched fist suggests strong feeling, such as anger or determination.
The fourth category is referred to as suggestive gestures which are symbols of ideas and emotions.
They help a speaker create a desired mood or express a particular thought. An open palm suggests
giving or receiving, usually of an idea, while a shrug of the shoulders indicates ignorance,
perplexity, or irony. Lastly, prompting gestures are used to help evoke a desired response from the
audience. If you want listeners to raise their hands, applaud, or perform some specific action, you’ll
Hand gestures often help to emphasize certain points of speeches and strengthen the
speaker’s message. Research shows that influential speakers use more hand gestures than average
speakers, and they use the gestures where the crowd is sensitive. People pay attention to
movements and gestures during speeches. If you purposely use your body to stress a certain idea,
the audience is much more likely to remember what you said. These movements draw attention to
what you’re saying at that moment and draws attention to the important parts of the speech. An
active speaker leaves a better impression on the audience than an inactive one. Using hand gestures
can make the speaker more animated, and it is pleasing to one’s eye to have a moving lecturer as
In public speaking, your body can be an effective tool for adding emphasis and clarity to
your words. It’s also your most powerful instrument for convincing an audience of your sincerity,
earnestness, and enthusiasm. Some researchers have said that gestures occurring during speech,
could have an important role in conveying and communicating semantic information to the
receiver. However, if your physical actions are distracting or suggest meanings that do not agree
with your verbal message, your body can defeat your words. Thus, such gestures would become
distracting to your audience and some would find it hard to concentrate on what you are trying to
say or convey. Exaggerated gestures could also negatively affect one’s performance during public
speaking because instead of listening intently into the speech, the audience would divert their
attention more on the gestures more than the speech. Whether your purpose is to inform, persuade,
entertain, motivate, or inspire, your body and the personality you project must be appropriate to
probably won’t work for you. Hence, to gesture effectively, one must respond naturally to what he
thinks, feels, and says. When presenting a speech, one must naturally express himself through
gestures. No matter what personality or cultural background we have, every one of us has a natural
impulse to punctuate and strengthen our words with gestures. Secondly, the action made must
always suit the word used during the speech. Both visual and verbal messages must function as
partners in communicating the same thought or feeling. Every gesture one makes should be
purposeful and reflective of his words so the audience will note only the effect, not the just the
gesture itself. Thirdly the gestures must be convincing enough for the audience. The gestures
should be lively and distinct if they are to convey the intended impressions. Effective gestures are
vigorous enough to be convincing yet slow enough and broad enough to be clearly visible without
being overpowering. Most importantly, a speaker must also practice himself speaking while doing
gestures. Through awareness and practice, a speaker can definitely make appropriate gesturing a
Research Problem
This study regarding gestures employed by students in public speaking attempts to answer the
following questions: