Procedure

1. Put in water
a. If non-conductive than metal
2. Dry out and see if it forms a crystal or not ( The conductive ones.)
a. If it forms crystals than ionic bonds the other is covalent
b. Metal appears amorphic
3. Metal is conductive in solid state.

.2 g for each aquisity test

Key
Ionic: conductive while aqueous
Metallic: always conductive,
Covalent: Not conductive at all

Substance A
Initial observations:
Somewhat square crystalline structure
Semi opaque

Questions Results

Conductive while solid? Non conductive

Conductive while aqueous Non conductive

Forms crystalline structure yes

aquis yes

I believe that the bonds formed in substance A are covalent. I believe that that
substance formed covalent bonds because it does not conduct electricity which is consistent
with the physical properties of covalent bonds.

Substance B
Initial observations:
Less volume for same mass suggesting higher density
White
Hail like, roundish non cystiline,
Questions Results

Conductive while solid? Non conductive

 Conductive while aqueous About 4000

Forms crystalline structure no

aquis yes

I believe that the bond formed in substance B is ionic. I believe that their are ionic bonds
because it exhibits conductivity only while aqueous which is consistent with the physical
properties of ionic bonds.

Substance C
Initial observations: Metallic strip, lustrous, plastic, gray stripe in the middle of metal ribbon on
both sides.
Questions Results

Conductive while solid? Yes

Conductive while aqueous Non aquis

Forms crystalline structure Some of the small “bits” on the metalic stip
seems as thought they might be crystalline if
they were larger but I couldn't tell with the
equipment available to me.

aquis no

I believe that the bonds formed in substance C are metallic. I believe that the bonds formed are
metallic because it conducts electricity while solid and it is non aqueous. The substance being
conductive while solid is consistent with the physical properties of metallic bonds. The substane
is non aqueous which is not a property of all metallic bonds, however it is similar to the majority
of substances with metallic bonds.

Substance D
Initial observations: White powder
Questions Results

Conductive while solid? Non conductive

Conductive while aqueous Yes 2550

Forms crystalline structure Not visibly crystalline

aquis very
Substance E
Initial observations: Yellow powder that formed clumps.
Questions Results

Conductive while solid? no

Conductive while aqueous Yes: 2580

Forms crystalline structure crystalish

aquis Yes

I believe that the bonds in substance E are ionic. I believe that substance E fourmes ionic bonds
because it does not conduct electricity while solid but is does while aquis which is consistent
with the physical properties of substances with ionic bonds.

Substance F
Initial observations: White powder
Questions Results

Conductive while solid? No

Conductive while aqueous No

Forms crystalline structure Very small crystals

aquis in soluble/ hydrophobic

I believe that substance F has covalent bonds. I believe that because it is not conducive at all
which is consistent with the physical properties of substances with covalent bonds.

Substance G
Initial observations: Grainy white powder similar to something like salt.
Questions Results

Conductive while solid? No

Conductive while aqueous Yes, 2350

Forms crystalline structure No: small, hail like balls

aquis Insoluble
I believe that the bonds formed in substance G are ionic. I believe this because the substance
was only conductive while aqueous which is consistent with the physical properties of
substances with ionic bonds.