1) POLES

 The overhead line shall be designed for a 20-year lifetime.

 Where specifically required by the Engineer, galvanized steel poles shall be
used. Strength rating shall be 55 MPa. All the poles shall bear the IEC mark
of approval
 Preservatives applied to the poles shall comply with the requirements for Type
A1 of ISO 15206:2010 and the impregnation shall be carried out in accordance
with 15206:2010 using the empty-cell pressure process.
 Poles shall be loop tension banded at both ends using stainless steel
strapping.
 Poles shall be marked with aluminum tags securely fastened to the pole with
the numbering commencing at the supply point. The type of numbering shall
be specified by the Engineer. Each pole shall be fitted with a non-ferrous
danger plate and identification tag indicating the operating voltage.
 The pole dimensions shall be in accordance with ISO 15206:2010. Poles not
complying with these dimensions shall be removed from site and replaced by
the contactor, at the contractor’s expense.
 Templates shall be used for drilling holes required to fix cross-arms, brackets,
insulators, etc. to the poles. After drilling, the holes shall be generously coated
with a mixture of creosote and tar.
 Poles shall be planted vertically plumb and in line and sufficiently stayed to
maintain that position and the poles shall be planted to a depth to ensure
adequate resistance to overturning and maximum wind pressure.
 Anti-climbing devices shall be provided on all poles and structures and
galvanized barbed wire wound around the poles for at least 1m, at a height of
2m above ground, may be employed for this purpose.
 2 Appendix A: Factors of Safety

Regulation 21.12.1 OVERHEAD POWER LINE SUPPORTS – MINIMUM FACTOR OF SAFETY

FACTOR OF SAFETY BASED ON

TYPE OF SUPPORT
Type tested Calculated failing Modules of
failing load load rapture

Steel lattice towers and cross-arms 2.5 2.5 -

Solid drawn steel poles 2 2.5 -

Welded steel poles and steel poles with swaged or telescopic joints 2.2 2.5 -

Stay assemblies 2.5 2.5 -

Reinforced concrete spun poles 2.4 3.5 -

Mechanically vibrated reinforced concrete structures and components 2.5 3.5 -

Other types of reinforced concrete structures and components 2.75 3.75 -

Wooden members not continuously loaded 3.5 - 2.7

Wooden members subjected to continuous loading 5.5 - 4.5

Regulation 21.10.1 MINIMUM CLEARANCE – OVERHEAD POWER LINES

Minimum clearance in meters

Maximum voltage for which
insulation is designed, kV
r.m.s.-clearance phase-to-
phase
Minimum safety Above roads in townships,
clearance To communication lines, To buildings, poles &
Above ground inside proclaimed roads outside
Above ground outside townships other power lines or between structures not forming part
townships townships, railways &
power lines & cradles of the power line
tramways

1,1 or less - 4.9 5.5 6.1 0.6 3

7.2 0.15 5 5.5 6.2 0.7 3

12 0.2 5.1 5.5 6.3 0.8 3

24 0.32 5.2 5.5 6.4 0.9 3

36 0.43 5.3 5.5 6.5 1 3

48 0.54 5.4 5.5 6.6 1.1 3

72 0.77 5.7 5.7 6.9 1.4 3.2

100 1 5.9 5.9 7.1 1.6 3.4

145 1.45 6.3 6.3 7.5 2 3.8

245 1.85 6.7 6.7 7.9 2.4 4.2

300 2.35 7.2 7.2 8.4 2.9 4.7

362 2.9 7.8 7.8 9 3.5 5.3

420 3.2 8.1 8.1 9.3 3.8 5.6

533kV d.c.* 3.7 8.6 8.6 9.8 4.3 6.1

* Maximum voltage to earth for which insulation is designed