Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Stem cell is defined as somatic cells which is any cells of the body that will divide
themselves and undergo differentiation to hold specific functions. A stem cell is well known
to be a major role in replacing the damaged cells and tissues and found in most multicellular
organisms. As the stem cell grows, it will provide a new cell for the body and replace any
particular cells that are found damaged or lost due to accidents or disease. The cell retains the
ability to divide over and over again to produce a new cell. As they divide, the cells will
transform to a very high specialized cell that perform specific function as in Figure 1.
Figure 1
Stem cells are categorized by self-renewal and potency. Potency means the ability of
the cells to renew themselves through mitotic cell division and will undergo differentiate into
a various range of specialized cell types. Stem cells may replicate through two types of cell
divisions either symmetric or asymmetric as shown in Figure 2. Symmetric cell division is
when both daughter cells are matched to their parent stem cells. While the asymmetric cell
division can be described when one of two cells is identical to parent stem cells and the
second enters differentiation into more specialized cell production.
Figure 2
For the potency, stem cells can be divided according to their regenerative potential
which are totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, oligopotent and unipotent. Totipotent cells
have capacity to separate into cell linages from every one of the three germ layers
(mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm) including placental cell, and this ability has just zygote
and first blastomere in human creature. During divisions, morula and afterward blastocyst is
framed. Cells creating blastocyst's internal cell mass (ICM) have pluripotent properties.
Incited pluripotent stem cells (iPS) have capacity to separate into cells from every one of the
three germ layers, except for extrafetal tissues, placenta for instance. In human living being,
just early stage undeveloped cells, which structure ICM, have pluripotent capacity.
Multipotent stem cell separate into numerous kinds of cells that start from a similar germ
layer. (Marek J. 2019)
Xibo M. Qian Z. 2012. Development of New Technologies for Stem Cell Research. Journal
of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2012/741416/.
Retrieved on 7 December 2019.
Marek J. 2019. Stem Cells and Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine. (5-16).
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128122587000022. Retrieved on 7
December 2019.